The CBB

Declension Gender Nouns and adjectives agree to three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. The neuter is needed to account for nouns which have become masculine in some languages but feminine in others: mare 'sea', lacte 'milk', etc. Its membership has been greatly reduced from the Latin neute...

Stress, by default, falls onto the final syllable in words ending in a consonant and the penultimate in words ending in a vowel or the plural -s. 'Unstress mark' Some word-final suffixes tend to 'repel' stress (e.g. the present third-person plural suffix -ent, -ant, -unt, etc.), while hardly any ant...

Further notes on orthography Changes taking place in Vulgar Latin that are reflected in all or most modern tongues may be incorporated into Our Language. Syncope: oculus 'eye' > ocl Elision and simplification: frīgidus 'cold' > freid or freigd (the latter form a semi-etymological rendering); vocali...

Or, Rom-auxlanging the Interslavic way ( Introduction to come ) I have been informed that the name InterRoman has been taken; it will take some while to come up and decide on another name for the language. The language would have to, for the time being, be referred to as 'the language', 'our langua...

Modern Gandharan

(tentative) ⸮سٹھی شی کیاںر/ گانر ہو (tentative)
/səʈh:i: ʃi: kjɑ̃:ɾ~gɑ̃:ɾ (ɦ)ɔ:/
very cold why be.3SG

Pan-Romance auxlang whose name I haven't decided on yet (is InterRoman taken?)

Quomo / Quare est friged?
why be.3SG cold

It has almost been a month since I last posted on this thread. During the span of time I have been continuously facing the quandary of deciding outcomes to the phoneme /r/ in various environments, to which one may bestow the sobriquet 'r-dilemma' (in the same fashion my dilemma on final nasals (or n...

I don’t have the same details you mention; but I have the similar-in-broad-strokes apprehension about all three of my conlangs that I care about most. Mind describing those 'similar-in-broad-strokes' apprehension in a little bit more detail? Perhaps we may turn out to share more issues than each of...

You have already made a conlang with a respectable amount of features all jotted down into a series of tables, sketches, etc., yet for some reason coming from within you find it difficult to commit them down to a grammar worthy of demanding eyes, or even the Conlang section of this forum. Has anyone...

Just noticed this thread! It is an honour, perhaps felt somewhat undeserved, to have my half-baked compilation of notes featured on the thread created by a fellow conlanger. Wish you all the best in your endeavours. This "fake Visigothic" isn't necessarily intended to be a direct descenden...

Note on the outcome of final -aka > -aga: Inconsistencies in spelling in the Khotan Dhammapada seems to imply the value /əjə/ for this ubiquitous nominal and adjectival ending. Some inscriptions (from Hadda, etc.), on the other hand, directly attest to the ending -ao . I have dismissed the former de...

More on the outcome of syllabic and syllable-final -r. References: Burrow: The Dialectical Position of the Niya Prakrit Caillat: Connections between Ashokan and Niya Prakrit Kogan: Once more on the language of the documents from Niya (East Turkestan) and its genetic position The outcome of syllable...

2. Other sound changes: Development of fixed, penultimate stress [barring certain exceptions] (happened in most IA languages, perhaps dating back to Prakrit) Elision of weak, pre-stressed vowels Dissimilation, most notable of which being the change mn > ml: manas > manaz > mnaz > mlaz Loss of interv...

Outcome of Sanskrit c /tʃ/ and j /dʒ/: Retained, as in Tirāhi, Torwali, Burushaski, Khowar, and Pashai, as opposed to being de-alveolarised (/tʃ/ > /ts/ [> /s/], /dʒ/ > /z/) in Kashmiri, Maiya and Gauro among the Kohistani languages, and Pashto. Outcome of Sanskrit ṣ and ẓ: ṣ and ẓ are debuccalised...

Old Gandhari (~400 AD) to Modern Gandhari (~1600 AD) 1. Outcome of certain Old Indo-Aryan consonants and consonant clusters Outcome of kṣ Modern Gandhari shall feature the two different outcomes posited by Baums and Cheung, reflecting dialectal inmixture: kṣ > ṣ h > x̌ (occasionally h, especially in...

Also, I would like to ask how the Gandharans would fare in the modern era? Are they Muslims today (and would this have any bearing on them if much of them live in Afghanistan say from 1996-2001 and from 2021 onward?) I picture a Muslim majority (~80%) with considerable minority communities (9% Budd...

Figured out that I should first get the sound changes sorted out before proceeding any further; here's a sketch of the first leg of the changes -- gathered from Braum's Outline of Gandhari Grammar (2016) and other sources. Phonemic classes employed (represented by capitals) are hopefully self-eviden...

Some guiding principles underlying the design. - The Gung`im to be accessible to as many keyboards as possible, which unfortunately precludes the use of schwa to represent /ə/ (a null onset in some analyses), though I am willing to concede diacritical representations of tones, even though tones may ...

Cɨet`ịm (切音) is a set of orthographies in-the-making (a bit more than a transcription: more on that in a while) for Middle Chinese that is meant to be learner-friendly. I've always wanted to learn Classical/Literary Chinese for a while, and resolved to do so only after creating a proper system to re...

You meant an a priori language? Indeed! I seem to have forgotten my glossary lately; thank you for correcting me. Though can Berish be fully considered one, considering that it would have seen influences from contacts with neighbouring languages (to be manifested in loanwords, sprachbund influence,...

Phonology and Orthography Consonants m n /m n/ p b t d k g /p b t d k g/ z (sz) s /s (~ts) (s:) ʃ/ v r l j /v r l j/ Vowels i y u ei o e a /i ɨ ʊ ɛ ɔ ɐ a/ Notes on Orthography and Phonology: a) z is pronounced either /s/ or /ts/ (depending on factors to be determined later), sz always a doubled /s:...