Omzinian Scrap thread

[Omzinesý]

Idea for a lang

- topic-prominent
- The semantic role of the topic is not marked
- Topic NP is marked for {normal topic, topicalization (new topic), contrastive topic/focus}
- the semantic roles of other participants are marked by adpositions (á la Japanese)
- Genitive and Direct morphological cases

- Aspect-Tense (Habitual-Iterative, Progressive, Past Perfective, Future Perfective) is marked by an obligatory particle between Topic and the clause.
- Verbs are clause-final
- Verbs are marked for mood (Indicative, Subjunctive, some relative-clause/DS mood), Impersonal form, which usually refers to 1st or 2nd person, and maybe Incoative and Cessative.

[Omzinesý]

A new phonology

p t t͡ʂ t͡ɕ k <p t ch cy k>
b d d͡ʐ d͡ʑ g <b d jh jy g>
ɹ ʐ j w <r zh y w>
s h <s h>
z <z>
m n ɳ ɲ ŋ <m n nh ny ng>
l ɭ ʎ <l lh ly>

OR MAYBE

p t t͡ʂ k <p t ch k>
b d d͡ʐ g <b d j g>
β ɹ ɻ ɣ <v r rh gh>
s h <s h>
z <z>
m n ɳ <m n nh>
l ɭ <l lh>
j w <y w>

OR MAYBE

p t t͡ʂ k <p t ch k>
b d d͡ʐ g <b d j g>
β ɹ ʐ ɣ <bh r jh gh>
s h <s h>
z <z>
m n <m n>
l <l>
j w <y w>

[Omzinesý]

A IE lang

*bh -> ph -> f => h
*dh -> th -> ts
*g'h/gh/ghw -> kh -> x

(b -> v )
d -> z
g'/g/gw -> velar fricative

p
t
k'/k/kw -> k (rounding affects vowels)

s
n
m
l
r (a tap intevocally) (a "a"-style sound in coda, like in most dialects of German)
w -> v
j


p t t͡s k
s x~χ (h)
z ɣ~ʁ
m n
l ɾ~ɐ
ʋ j

y: i: u:
ʏ ɪ ʊ
ø e o
ä

/ar/ -> [a:]

[Omzinesý]

Word-final geminates are not allowed in any of my langs. Must make one with them.

[Omzinesý]

I new random idea:

A lang with an inverse alignment between subject, object, recipient argument, and other-complement argument (think about, feel about...).
There are 6 relations at best, coded in one verb.

("<" coding 'is less salient than' i.e. the inverse marker)
S < O, S < R, S < OCA
O < R, O < OCA
R < OCA

Recipient can be assumed more salient than the object, depending if goal arguments are also coded in it.

[Omzinesý]

jas 'does'
jax 'did'

et 'lies'
ak 'lied'

rez 'says'
reg 'said'

[Omzinesý]

I could make another IE lang with one of my favorite phoneme inventory

p t t͡s k
s x~χ (h)
z ɣ~ʁ
m n nˠ ŋ
l lˠ r
ʋ j

y i u
yø ie uo
ø e o
ä

It could be positioned somewhere in Baltia.
This could be a clear Satem language.

*k' => s
*g' => z

*voiced aspirated stops and *voiced plain stops merge and become voiced fricatives.
*b/*bh => ʋ
*d/*dh => ð => z
*g/*gh(/*gw/*gwh) => ɣ

Through some version of RUKI conditioning:
s => š
and then all
š => x
(I don't actually know if RUKI applies to /z/ anywhere.)

ɣ => x word-initially

So the lang has quite nice Balto-Slavic sound changes, without further palatalizations, though.
š in newer loan words is substituted with s. (sūle from German Schule ...)

/t͡s/ is marginal
t => t͡s before /j/
t͡s corresponds to <c> in many Latin-based loanwords (informatsioon, korporatsioon ...)
Many /t͡s/s are borrowed with German loan words.

/h/ only appears in loan words.

Velarized and plain l and n only contrast in coda. In onset, they are always plain. There the velarized is the normal allophone and the plain one comes with loan words and /t/ + /n/ => n, /t/ + /l/ => /l/.

[Omzinesý]

I could make another IE lang with one of my favorite phoneme inventory

p t t͡s k
s x~χ (h)
z ɣ~ʁ
m n nˠ ŋ
l lˠ r
ʋ j

y i u
yø ie uo
ø e o
ä

It could be positioned somewhere in Baltia.
This could be a clear Satem language.

*k' => s
*g' => z

*voiced aspirated stops and *voiced plain stops merge and become voiced fricatives.
*b/*bh => ʋ
*d/*dh => ð => z
*g/*gh(/*gw/*gwh) => ɣ

Through some version of RUKI conditioning:
s => š
and then all
š => x
(I don't actually know if RUKI applies to /z/ anywhere.)

ɣ => x word-initially

So the lang has quite nice Balto-Slavic sound changes, without further palatalizations, though.
š in newer loan words is substituted with s. (sūle from German Schule ...)

/t͡s/ is marginal
t => t͡s before /j/
t͡s corresponds to <c> in many Latin-based loanwords (informatsioon, korporatsioon ...)
Many /t͡s/s are borrowed with German loan words.

/h/ only appears in loan words.

Velarized and plain l and n only contrast in coda. In onset, they are always plain. There the velarized is the normal allophone and the plain one comes with loan words and /t/ + /n/ => n, /t/ + /l/ => /l/.

Attempt for a declension

NOM huut (German loan word 'hat')
ACC huun (IE accusative m)
DAT huunu (Balto-Slavic acc + vo)
LOC nuutu (EI locative + vo)
ABL huutut (IE Ablative)