Gallo-Tuscan
Posted: 17 Mar 2021 08:13
Gallo-Tuscan is a romlang I've been working on and is largely based on a phonemic inventory posted by Shimobaatar in the Romanization Game thread:
Gallo-Tuscan (as the name suggests) is an Gallo-Italic language but also shares the Tuscan process of leniting the consonants /p t k/. Colloquially the language is known as il gorgen, which has it's origins in the Italian word "gorgia" which is used to refer to the lenition found in Tuscany. Overall the language shares most traits with the Gallo-Italic languages aside from this lenition but there are also further exceptions including that /ɔ u/ never result in /ø y/ and the pronunciation of the letters <g> and <p> is completely different
Phonology
Consonants
/b t d k/ <b~p t~tt d c~ch~q>
/f v θ s z (ʃ) (ʒ) h/ <f~p v t s~ss s (sh~sci~ch) (zh~j) c~ch~h>
/t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ/ <c~ç z ci~cie g~gi~ge>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n gn g~gh>
/l ʎ j w/ <l gli~glie i u>
/ɾ r/ <r rr>
Vowels
/i ĩ u ũ/ <i~ê in~im~ên~êm u~ô un~um~ôn~ôm>
/e ẽ o õ/ <e~é én~ém~en~em o~ó ón~óm~on~om>
/ɛ ɛ̃ ɔ ɔ̃/ <e~è en~em o~ò on~om>
/ɑ ɑ̃/ <a an~am>
/ʃ ʒ/ are only found in loanwords mostly from Italian, French, and English
/h/ is pronounced as [ç] finally after a front vowel and [x] finally after a back vowel
<h> used for /h/ only occurs in loans
/ɑ/ is pronounced as [ä] when unstressed
Major Sound Changes
Major Spelling Differences from Italian
1. <e> is silent at the end of a word. Stressed final vowels receive an accent mark if before a silent <e>
2. <p> is pronounced /b/ if not lenited
3. <c~ch p t> represent /h f θ/ intervocalically, including before silent final <e> and in most cases when word initial and following a vowel sound. <chi> before a vowel and <qu> represent /kj kw/ as /k/ does not undergo metaphony before /j w/
4. <cc~cch pp tt> are used when lenition would be expected but does not occur (natively only before /e/ for <cc~cch pp>)
5. /e o/ are written as <é ó> when stressed before multiple consonants or word finally before a single consonant
6. /ɛ ɔ/ are written as <è ò> finally or before a single consonant followed by a vowel including final <e>
7. /ẽ õ/ are always written as <én~ém ón~óm> in stressed syllables and <en~em on~om> in unstressed syllables
8. <ê ô> are used for the metaphony of /e o/ into /i u/
9. <c> is used for /t͡s/ before <i e>, elsewhere <ç> is used. /t͡ʃ/ is typically spelled <ci> while /t͡ʃi/ is spelled <cî> . <çi> is used either for /t͡sj/ or for /t͡si/ when before another vowel. <s> is silent before /t͡s/
10. A silent final <s> is used in the second person singular and first person plural of verbs in order to distinguish them from other forms. This was borrowed from French
11. <r> is silent at the end of a regular -ar verb's infinitive
Lord's Prayer
With the previous in mind, I've translated the Lord's Prayer into Gallo-Tuscan and was wondering if anyone interested would like to try and translate it into IPA
Pare noster ch’ès nei cele,
Che si santificà tò nóm,
Che vegna tò regne,
Che si fatta ta volontà comè in cel, essì sulla terra.
Dazi adò noster pan quotidien,
E perdonazi nostere pecàe,
Comè noi li perdonons essì aicì che zi hon pecà
E non menazi in tentaçón,
Ma liberazi del Mal
Spoiler:
Phonology
Consonants
/b t d k/ <b~p t~tt d c~ch~q>
/f v θ s z (ʃ) (ʒ) h/ <f~p v t s~ss s (sh~sci~ch) (zh~j) c~ch~h>
/t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ/ <c~ç z ci~cie g~gi~ge>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n gn g~gh>
/l ʎ j w/ <l gli~glie i u>
/ɾ r/ <r rr>
Vowels
/i ĩ u ũ/ <i~ê in~im~ên~êm u~ô un~um~ôn~ôm>
/e ẽ o õ/ <e~é én~ém~en~em o~ó ón~óm~on~om>
/ɛ ɛ̃ ɔ ɔ̃/ <e~è en~em o~ò on~om>
/ɑ ɑ̃/ <a an~am>
/ʃ ʒ/ are only found in loanwords mostly from Italian, French, and English
/h/ is pronounced as [ç] finally after a front vowel and [x] finally after a back vowel
<h> used for /h/ only occurs in loans
/ɑ/ is pronounced as [ä] when unstressed
Major Sound Changes
Spoiler:
1. <e> is silent at the end of a word. Stressed final vowels receive an accent mark if before a silent <e>
2. <p> is pronounced /b/ if not lenited
3. <c~ch p t> represent /h f θ/ intervocalically, including before silent final <e> and in most cases when word initial and following a vowel sound. <chi> before a vowel and <qu> represent /kj kw/ as /k/ does not undergo metaphony before /j w/
4. <cc~cch pp tt> are used when lenition would be expected but does not occur (natively only before /e/ for <cc~cch pp>)
5. /e o/ are written as <é ó> when stressed before multiple consonants or word finally before a single consonant
6. /ɛ ɔ/ are written as <è ò> finally or before a single consonant followed by a vowel including final <e>
7. /ẽ õ/ are always written as <én~ém ón~óm> in stressed syllables and <en~em on~om> in unstressed syllables
8. <ê ô> are used for the metaphony of /e o/ into /i u/
9. <c> is used for /t͡s/ before <i e>, elsewhere <ç> is used. /t͡ʃ/ is typically spelled <ci> while /t͡ʃi/ is spelled <cî> . <çi> is used either for /t͡sj/ or for /t͡si/ when before another vowel. <s> is silent before /t͡s/
10. A silent final <s> is used in the second person singular and first person plural of verbs in order to distinguish them from other forms. This was borrowed from French
11. <r> is silent at the end of a regular -ar verb's infinitive
Lord's Prayer
With the previous in mind, I've translated the Lord's Prayer into Gallo-Tuscan and was wondering if anyone interested would like to try and translate it into IPA
Pare noster ch’ès nei cele,
Che si santificà tò nóm,
Che vegna tò regne,
Che si fatta ta volontà comè in cel, essì sulla terra.
Dazi adò noster pan quotidien,
E perdonazi nostere pecàe,
Comè noi li perdonons essì aicì che zi hon pecà
E non menazi in tentaçón,
Ma liberazi del Mal
Spoiler: