Surprising cognates

[GrandPiano]

puppy and puppet

Puppy is likely from Middle French poupée "doll, toy", and puppet is apparently from Middle French poupette, the diminutive of poupée.

[Shemtov]

Per the False Cognate thread:
<what> and <quote>.

[Nortaneous]

oh are we doing loanwords now. we can do loanwords

Palauan bangderang 'flag' ~ Latin funda 'sling'
Palauan barb 'valve' ~ Old Armenian gełdz 'yew tree'
Palauan kusarang 'spoon' ~ English cochlea
Palauan hon 'book' ~ Korean jabonjuui 'capitalism'

Tocharian B tmāne 'myriad' ~ banzai ~ Tyumen (city in Russia)
Tocharian B onkolma 'elephant' ~ Zhuang ngaz 'ivory' (probably)

[Birdlang]

Portuguese bandeira, Spanish bandera —> Indonesian/Malay/Javanese bendera, Palauan bangderang, Tagalog bandila/bandera, Cebuano bandila, Sundanese bandera, English banner.
Sanskrit kalapati —> Sundanese japati, Indonesian and Javanese merpati, Tagalog kalapati, Cebuano salampati, other cognates in other Malayo-Polynesian languages, Lithuanian balandis (?), Hindi/Sindhi/Urdu kabūtar.

[Shemtov]

Yonder Jener "That" from PGm *jainaz.
And some say that *jainaz is related to the Latin root that gave us the "Identical/Identity" family, from PIE *i "DEM"

[GrandPiano]

If Latin fūnus comes from the PIE root *dʰew-, then "death" and "funeral" are related.

[Ser]

If Latin fūnus comes from the PIE root *dʰew-, then "death" and "funeral" are related.

Along similar lines:
Latin figere 'to pierce; fasten' ~ Spanish hincarse 'to kneel down' ~ English dig

[Pabappa]

how about Chevrolet and cabriolet? Two words for the same object from the same ultimate root word, meaning "goat", yet they acquired their modern meanings in two very different ways, one a descriptive noun for transportation and the other a surname of a man who just by chance happened to work manufacturing early automobiles.

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cabriolet#French
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chevrolet#French

[Shemtov]

Aceite "oil" /zajit/ "olive"
Apparently, the Arabic cognate narrowed in Andalusian to all oils, and was borrowed into . It's especially surprising when my book used it for "motor oil"

[WeepingElf]

Well, 'oil' has undergone the same kind of shift in English.

[CivilixXXX]

Król (king) and ziarno (grain)
PL król < PS korljь < OHG Karl< PG *karilaz < PIE *ǵerh > PIE ǵr̥h₂nóm > PS zьrno > PL ziarno

[Sglod]

Hell, cojones, and cilium. All ultimately from PIE *ḱel- 'to cover'. That one got me right in the cojones!

[Pabappa]

Hell, cojones, and cilium. All ultimately from PIE *ḱel- 'to cover'. That one got me right in the cojones!

nice. I used to believe that cielo "Heaven" was related, but it's not true.

_______
orphan = robot , because they both traditionally work hard with no pay. Also Arbeit "work".

[k1234567890y]

Chinese 蜜(pronounciation in Middle Chinese: /miɪt̚/) "honey", English mead and Russian медведь "bear"(and its cognates in other Slavic languages), all of them contain a part that is from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“mead, honey”).

The Chinese word is an ancient borrowing from Tocharian, which is from Proto-Tocharian *ḿət(ə), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“mead, honey”).

The English word is an inhereted word from proto-Indo-European. The English word is from Old English medu, from Proto-Germanic *meduz, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“mead, honey”).

The Russian word is from Proto-Slavic *medvědь, which is a compound of Proto-Slavic *medъ (“honey”) +‎ *(j)ěsti (“to eat”), and the Proto-Slavic word *medъ is from Proto-Balto-Slavic *medús, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“mead, honey”).

[Dormouse559]

coriander and cilantro

Okay, this pair probably isn't surprising for that many people, but I had a big "Aha!" moment when a cooking show mentioned they come from the same plant.

[eldin raigmore]

coriander and cilantro
Okay, this pair probably isn't surprising for that many people, but I had a big "Aha!" moment when a cooking show mentioned they come from the same plant.

How are they cognates?

Are arugula and “rocket lettuce” cognates?

[Dormouse559]

coriander and cilantro
[…]

How are they cognates?

They both come from Latin coriandrum; the former through Anglo-Norman/French, the latter through Spanish. When the show mentioned the botanical connection, I began to notice the similar consonants and vowels and decided to investigate.

Are arugula and “rocket lettuce” cognates?

I don't know. Are they?

[Xonen]

Are arugula and “rocket lettuce” cognates?

I don't know. Are they?

According to Wiktionary, yes.

[Frislander]

Of course there's all the cognates thrown up by the Plains Algonquian languages like Arapaho and Cheyenne, for instance:

Ar bíí "buffalo" ~ Ch mehe ~ Cree môswa "moose"
Ar henéécee "buffalo bull" ~ Ch hotóá‘e ~ Cree iyâpêw "buck"
Ar nóubee "fly" ~ Cree sakimêw
Ar cóóx "Comanche" ~ Ch notse "foreigner" ~ Cree pwât "Sioux"
Ar hébes "beaver" ~ Ch hóma‘e ~ Cree amisk

[k1234567890y]

English clan and English plant