I'm glad this game is back! This was a fun set of words to work with. I particularly like the look/sound of [pəˈθɑn], [ˈpɾɐ̃ː.ɾɨ], [ˈʕets], and [ˈχaː.ze], just to pick out a few.
Spoiler:
For this first attempt, I've tried grouping the languages together based on what feels simplest to me personally. I suppose we'll see how far off I end up being.
A) [ˈga.ʃə] - [pəˈθɑn] - [ŋa.ˈmo.ɬə] - [ka.ˈxə̃]
B) [ˈɣaː.tʃ] - [pəˈtən] - [ŋaː.ˈmoːɬ] - [kaː.ˈxə̃]
[ˈga.t͡ʃə] - [pəˈtʰɑn] - [ŋaˈmo.ɬə] - [kaːˈxə̃] (Proto-A/B)
I originally assumed that the correspondence between [θ] in A and [t] in B in the second word was due to some sort of intervocalic lenition process that took place in the history of A, but after looking at some of the cognates in other languages, I think I'm going to reconstruct the medial consonant in the second word as [tʰ].
C) [ˈɟe.tʃe] - [ˈtæn] - [ɲẽ.ˈwo.ɮæ] - [kəː.ˈɣã]
D) [ˈgje.tʃe] - [ˈtʰen] - [je.ˈw̃o.ɬa] - [kaː.ˈʔã]
[ˈgje.t͡ʃe] - [ˈtʰæn] - [jeˈw̃o.ɬæ] - [kaːˈɣã] (Proto-C/D)
At least for now, I think I'm going to assume that both instances of [æ] in C are directly inherited from Proto-C/D, if it existed, but I don't know if I'm entirely satisfied with that.
[ˈga.t͡ʃə] - [pəˈtʰɑn] - [ŋaˈmo.ɬə] - [kaːˈxə̃] (Proto-A/B)
[ˈgje.t͡ʃe] - [ˈtʰæn] - [jeˈw̃o.ɬæ] - [kaːˈɣã] (Proto-C/D)
[ˈge.t͡ʃe] - [ˈptʰɑn] - [ʔeˈmo.ɬæ] - [kaːˈxã] (Proto-A/B/C/D)
Regarding the backness of the low vowel in the second word, I had originally reconstructed it as [æ], but after looking at many of the word's cognates in other members of the family, I think I'll go with [ɑ] instead for now, although I'm not sure why Proto-A/B/C/D [ɑ] would have been fronted to [æ] in Proto-C/D when, for instance, [aː] in the fourth word was not fronted.
The fact that the pretonic vowel in the fourth word is long in A, B, C, and D, but the pretonic vowel in the third word is only long in B makes it seem like its lengthening is the result of a sound change particular to B.
I'm somewhat uncertain about the correspondence between [a] and [je] in my reconstructions of Proto-A/B and Proto-C/D, respectively, but for now, I'm going to simply assume they both descend from [e].
E) [ə̃w̃.ˈgid.dʑi] - [ˈpʰɐ̃j̃.dɨ] - [ʔẽw̃.ˈmuʒ.ʒi] - [kaɣ.ˈɣãj̃]
F) [ə̃ː.ˈɰej.tɕi] - [ˈpɾɐ̃ː.ɾɨ] - [ʔẽː.ˈmoj.ʃi] - [kax.ˈxãː]
[ə̃w̃ˈged.d͡ʑi] - [ˈptʰɐ̃j̃.dɨ] - [ʔẽw̃ˈmoʒ.ʒi] - [kaɣˈɣãj̃] (Proto-E/F)
G) [ŋ̩.ˈgɨtɕʼ] - [ˈtʼɐnd] - [ˈmʉʎ] - [ˈqχɑn]
H) [əŋ.ˈgətɕi] - [ˈpθən.də] - [ʔem.ˈmʉʎ.ʎi] - [kɑχ.ˈχɑn]
[əŋˈgɨ.t͡ɕʼi] - [ˈptɐn.də] - [ʔemˈmʉʎ.ʎi] - [kɑχˈχɑn] (Proto-G/H)
I'm not sure exactly how to explain the ejective in the first word in G, so for now I'm going to assume [t͡ɕʼ] was present in Proto-G/H, if such a language existed.
[ə̃w̃ˈged.d͡ʑi] - [ˈptʰɐ̃j̃.dɨ] - [ʔẽw̃ˈmoʒ.ʒi] - [kaɣˈɣãj̃] (Proto-E/F)
[əŋˈgɨ.t͡ɕʼi] - [ˈptɐn.də] - [ʔemˈmʉʎ.ʎi] - [kɑχˈχɑn] (Proto-G/H)
[əŋˈgeʔ.d͡ʑi] - [ˈptʰɐn.dɨ] - [ʔemˈmoʎ.ʎi] - [kaɣˈɣan] (Proto-E/F/G/H)
Again, I'm not entirely sure yet how to explain the ejective. I am not confident about the way I've reconstructed the first word here at all, but it may be the best I can do for now.
I'm also somewhat uncertain about the voicing and place of articulation of the medial geminate in the fourth word. However, I feel like geminate voiced obstruents devoicing is more common than the reverse, and the shift from velar to uvular in Proto-G/H could help explain the correspondence between Proto-E/F [a] and Proto-G/H [ɑ] in the fourth word.
[ˈge.t͡ʃe] - [ˈptʰɑn] - [ʔeˈmo.ɬæ] - [kaːˈxã] (Proto-A/B/C/D)
[əŋˈgeʔ.d͡ʑi] - [ˈptʰɐn.dɨ] - [ʔemˈmoʎ.ʎi] - [kaɣˈɣan] (Proto-E/F/G/H)
[əŋˈged.d͡ʒe] - [ˈptʰɑn.dɨ] - [ʔemˈmoʎ̝.ʎ̝æ] - [kaɣˈɣan] (Proto-Western)
I suppose I'm assuming that geminate voiced obstruents in Proto-Western became short voiceless obstruents in Proto-A/B/C/D, resulting in the compensatory lengthening of only pretonic vowels, as in the fourth word. That doesn't quite feel right to me, but it's what I'm going with for now.
I figure that it's probably unnecessary to reconstruct a geminate [ʎ̝] rather than [ʎ] in the third word, but I chose to do so anyway based on the fact that its reflex is a voiceless lateral fricative in my reconstruction of Proto-A/B/C/D.
I'm not entirely certain about [-ndɨ] in the second word or [əŋ-] in the first word, in all honesty, but I suppose they're what I've decided on for now
I) [ˈʀedz] - [ɔ.ˈdʌɹˤ] - [ø.ˈmʌlˤ] - [ˈaː]
J) [ˈʕets] - [u.ˈdɑɹ] - [y.ˈmoj] - [ˈah]
[ˈʀed͡z] - [oˈdɑɹ] - [øˈmoʎ] - [ˈah] (Proto-I/J)
K) [ˈʝe.ɟʝi] - [ɸu.ˈɾɑ] - [çi.ˈmo.ʎi] - [ˈha.ɦa]
L) [ˈʁe.ze] - [po.ˈrɑɹ] - [ʔe.ˈmo.je] - [ˈʔaː]
[ˈʁe.ɟ͡ʝe] - [ɸoˈɾɑɹ] - [heˈmo.ʎe] - [ˈha.ɦa] (Proto-K/L)
For the second word, I decided to reconstruct a medial tap, as in K, rather than a trill, as in L, based on the fact that some other cognates have [-d-].
Additionally, I reconstructed the initial consonant of the second word as [p-] at first, since [p] > [ɸ] feels more likely to me than [ɸ] > [p], but I suppose that kind of fortition isn't impossible. With that in mind, and also based on some of the word's cognates in neighboring languages, I've decided to go with reconstructing it as [ɸ-] for now.
[ˈʀed͡z] - [oˈdɑɹ] - [øˈmoʎ] - [ˈah] (Proto-I/J)
[ˈʁe.ɟ͡ʝe] - [ɸoˈɾɑɹ] - [heˈmo.ʎe] - [ˈha.ɦa] (Proto-K/L)
[ˈʁe.ɟ͡ʝe] - [ɸoˈdɑɹ] - [heˈmo.ʎe] - [ˈha.ɦa] (Proto-I/J/K/L)
For the first word, I'm not entirely sure why I chose [ʁ] instead of [ʀ], but that's what I'll go with for now.
I'm currently assuming that the [ø] in my reconstruction of the third word in Proto-I/J is the result of an earlier [e] being rounded before [m], although I'm not sure if I'm entirely satisfied with that explanation.
M) [ˈqa.sə] - [ɸø.ˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ə.ˈmɒ.ɮə] - [ˈaː.ha]
N) [ˈʔas.sə] - [ɸø.ˈdɑː.ʒə] - [ŋə̃.ˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈŋaːː.ha]
[ˈqas.sə] - [ɸøˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔəˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈʔaː.ha] (Proto-M/N)
O) [ˈχaː.ze] - [ɸɑ.ˈðɑ.ʐə] - [ham.ˈmɑː.ɮa] - [ˈhaː.ɦah]
P) [ˈqχaː.sə] - [pfə.ˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔhəm.ˈmɑː.lə] - [ˈʔhaː.həː]
[ˈq͡χaː.se] - [p͡ɸɑˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔ͡hamˈmɑː.lə] - [ˈʔ͡haː.hah] (Proto-O/P)
[ˈqas.sə] - [ɸøˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔəˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈʔaː.ha] (Proto-M/N)
[ˈq͡χaː.se] - [p͡ɸɑˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔ͡hamˈmɑː.lə] - [ˈʔ͡haː.hah] (Proto-O/P)
[ˈqas.se] - [pɒˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔamˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈʔaː.hah] (Proto-M/N/O/P)
I'm somewhat troubled by the fact that, according to what I've reconstructed here, geminate consonants in Proto-M/N/O/P are preserved in Proto-M/N but shortened in Proto-O/P, resulting in the compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel… except in the case of the geminate [m] in the third word, which is shortened in Proto-M/N but preserved in Proto-O/P. However, I'll leave things like this for now. If I'm not completely off track, perhaps this has something to do with the placement of stress?
I'm also uncertain about how to reconstruct the pretonic vowel in the second word. I've settled on [ɒ] for now based on the fact that many of the word's cognates have rounded vowels in that position, in addition to its outcome in my reconstruction of Proto-O/P.
[ˈʁe.ɟ͡ʝe] - [ɸoˈdɑɹ] - [heˈmo.ʎe] - [ˈha.ɦa] (Proto-I/J/K/L)
[ˈqas.se] - [pɒˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔamˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈʔaː.hah] (Proto-M/N/O/P)
[ˈɢeɟ.ɟ͡ʝe] - [poˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔemˈmɒʎ.ʎe] - [ˈʔaː.hah] (Proto-Eastern)
I'm not entirely confident about [ɢ] in the first word, but it could explain both the voicing of [ʁ] and the MOA of [q].
Initially, I was uncertain about how to reconstruct the stressed vowel in the first word and the pretonic vowels in the second and third words in Proto-Eastern, in terms of height. I've ended up assuming that Proto-Eastern mid vowels were lowered in Proto-M/N/O/P when adjacent to a uvular or when followed by a low vowel in the next syllable, although I'm not entirely sure I'm satisfied with that.
I'm not entirely sure why I chose to reconstruct [ʔ] rather than [h] as the initial consonant of the third and forth words, but it's what I'll go with for now.
I'm also uncertain about the medial geminates in the first and third words, but again, I'll leave things as they are here for now.
[əŋˈged.d͡ʒe] - [ˈptʰɑn.dɨ] - [ʔemˈmoʎ̝.ʎ̝æ] - [kaɣˈɣan] (Proto-Western)
[ˈɢeɟ.ɟ͡ʝe] - [poˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔemˈmɒʎ.ʎe] - [ˈʔaː.hah] (Proto-Eastern)
[ˈᴺɢeɟ.ɟ͡ʝe] - [poˈtɑᶯɖə] - [ʔemˈmɒʎ.ʎæ] - [qaʁˈʁan̥] (Proto-World)
There are a lot of things I'm uncertain about here, but that's to be expected on the first attempt, I suppose. The prenasalized stops, most of the vowels in the third word, and everything about the fourth word stand out in particular.
For the fourth word, I am almost 100% certain that what I've reconstructed here is wildly incorrect, but it may be the best I can do for now.
A) [ˈga.ʃə] - [pəˈθɑn] - [ŋa.ˈmo.ɬə] - [ka.ˈxə̃]
B) [ˈɣaː.tʃ] - [pəˈtən] - [ŋaː.ˈmoːɬ] - [kaː.ˈxə̃]
[ˈga.t͡ʃə] - [pəˈtʰɑn] - [ŋaˈmo.ɬə] - [kaːˈxə̃] (Proto-A/B)
I originally assumed that the correspondence between [θ] in A and [t] in B in the second word was due to some sort of intervocalic lenition process that took place in the history of A, but after looking at some of the cognates in other languages, I think I'm going to reconstruct the medial consonant in the second word as [tʰ].
C) [ˈɟe.tʃe] - [ˈtæn] - [ɲẽ.ˈwo.ɮæ] - [kəː.ˈɣã]
D) [ˈgje.tʃe] - [ˈtʰen] - [je.ˈw̃o.ɬa] - [kaː.ˈʔã]
[ˈgje.t͡ʃe] - [ˈtʰæn] - [jeˈw̃o.ɬæ] - [kaːˈɣã] (Proto-C/D)
At least for now, I think I'm going to assume that both instances of [æ] in C are directly inherited from Proto-C/D, if it existed, but I don't know if I'm entirely satisfied with that.
[ˈga.t͡ʃə] - [pəˈtʰɑn] - [ŋaˈmo.ɬə] - [kaːˈxə̃] (Proto-A/B)
[ˈgje.t͡ʃe] - [ˈtʰæn] - [jeˈw̃o.ɬæ] - [kaːˈɣã] (Proto-C/D)
[ˈge.t͡ʃe] - [ˈptʰɑn] - [ʔeˈmo.ɬæ] - [kaːˈxã] (Proto-A/B/C/D)
Regarding the backness of the low vowel in the second word, I had originally reconstructed it as [æ], but after looking at many of the word's cognates in other members of the family, I think I'll go with [ɑ] instead for now, although I'm not sure why Proto-A/B/C/D [ɑ] would have been fronted to [æ] in Proto-C/D when, for instance, [aː] in the fourth word was not fronted.
The fact that the pretonic vowel in the fourth word is long in A, B, C, and D, but the pretonic vowel in the third word is only long in B makes it seem like its lengthening is the result of a sound change particular to B.
I'm somewhat uncertain about the correspondence between [a] and [je] in my reconstructions of Proto-A/B and Proto-C/D, respectively, but for now, I'm going to simply assume they both descend from [e].
E) [ə̃w̃.ˈgid.dʑi] - [ˈpʰɐ̃j̃.dɨ] - [ʔẽw̃.ˈmuʒ.ʒi] - [kaɣ.ˈɣãj̃]
F) [ə̃ː.ˈɰej.tɕi] - [ˈpɾɐ̃ː.ɾɨ] - [ʔẽː.ˈmoj.ʃi] - [kax.ˈxãː]
[ə̃w̃ˈged.d͡ʑi] - [ˈptʰɐ̃j̃.dɨ] - [ʔẽw̃ˈmoʒ.ʒi] - [kaɣˈɣãj̃] (Proto-E/F)
G) [ŋ̩.ˈgɨtɕʼ] - [ˈtʼɐnd] - [ˈmʉʎ] - [ˈqχɑn]
H) [əŋ.ˈgətɕi] - [ˈpθən.də] - [ʔem.ˈmʉʎ.ʎi] - [kɑχ.ˈχɑn]
[əŋˈgɨ.t͡ɕʼi] - [ˈptɐn.də] - [ʔemˈmʉʎ.ʎi] - [kɑχˈχɑn] (Proto-G/H)
I'm not sure exactly how to explain the ejective in the first word in G, so for now I'm going to assume [t͡ɕʼ] was present in Proto-G/H, if such a language existed.
[ə̃w̃ˈged.d͡ʑi] - [ˈptʰɐ̃j̃.dɨ] - [ʔẽw̃ˈmoʒ.ʒi] - [kaɣˈɣãj̃] (Proto-E/F)
[əŋˈgɨ.t͡ɕʼi] - [ˈptɐn.də] - [ʔemˈmʉʎ.ʎi] - [kɑχˈχɑn] (Proto-G/H)
[əŋˈgeʔ.d͡ʑi] - [ˈptʰɐn.dɨ] - [ʔemˈmoʎ.ʎi] - [kaɣˈɣan] (Proto-E/F/G/H)
Again, I'm not entirely sure yet how to explain the ejective. I am not confident about the way I've reconstructed the first word here at all, but it may be the best I can do for now.
I'm also somewhat uncertain about the voicing and place of articulation of the medial geminate in the fourth word. However, I feel like geminate voiced obstruents devoicing is more common than the reverse, and the shift from velar to uvular in Proto-G/H could help explain the correspondence between Proto-E/F [a] and Proto-G/H [ɑ] in the fourth word.
[ˈge.t͡ʃe] - [ˈptʰɑn] - [ʔeˈmo.ɬæ] - [kaːˈxã] (Proto-A/B/C/D)
[əŋˈgeʔ.d͡ʑi] - [ˈptʰɐn.dɨ] - [ʔemˈmoʎ.ʎi] - [kaɣˈɣan] (Proto-E/F/G/H)
[əŋˈged.d͡ʒe] - [ˈptʰɑn.dɨ] - [ʔemˈmoʎ̝.ʎ̝æ] - [kaɣˈɣan] (Proto-Western)
I suppose I'm assuming that geminate voiced obstruents in Proto-Western became short voiceless obstruents in Proto-A/B/C/D, resulting in the compensatory lengthening of only pretonic vowels, as in the fourth word. That doesn't quite feel right to me, but it's what I'm going with for now.
I figure that it's probably unnecessary to reconstruct a geminate [ʎ̝] rather than [ʎ] in the third word, but I chose to do so anyway based on the fact that its reflex is a voiceless lateral fricative in my reconstruction of Proto-A/B/C/D.
I'm not entirely certain about [-ndɨ] in the second word or [əŋ-] in the first word, in all honesty, but I suppose they're what I've decided on for now
I) [ˈʀedz] - [ɔ.ˈdʌɹˤ] - [ø.ˈmʌlˤ] - [ˈaː]
J) [ˈʕets] - [u.ˈdɑɹ] - [y.ˈmoj] - [ˈah]
[ˈʀed͡z] - [oˈdɑɹ] - [øˈmoʎ] - [ˈah] (Proto-I/J)
K) [ˈʝe.ɟʝi] - [ɸu.ˈɾɑ] - [çi.ˈmo.ʎi] - [ˈha.ɦa]
L) [ˈʁe.ze] - [po.ˈrɑɹ] - [ʔe.ˈmo.je] - [ˈʔaː]
[ˈʁe.ɟ͡ʝe] - [ɸoˈɾɑɹ] - [heˈmo.ʎe] - [ˈha.ɦa] (Proto-K/L)
For the second word, I decided to reconstruct a medial tap, as in K, rather than a trill, as in L, based on the fact that some other cognates have [-d-].
Additionally, I reconstructed the initial consonant of the second word as [p-] at first, since [p] > [ɸ] feels more likely to me than [ɸ] > [p], but I suppose that kind of fortition isn't impossible. With that in mind, and also based on some of the word's cognates in neighboring languages, I've decided to go with reconstructing it as [ɸ-] for now.
[ˈʀed͡z] - [oˈdɑɹ] - [øˈmoʎ] - [ˈah] (Proto-I/J)
[ˈʁe.ɟ͡ʝe] - [ɸoˈɾɑɹ] - [heˈmo.ʎe] - [ˈha.ɦa] (Proto-K/L)
[ˈʁe.ɟ͡ʝe] - [ɸoˈdɑɹ] - [heˈmo.ʎe] - [ˈha.ɦa] (Proto-I/J/K/L)
For the first word, I'm not entirely sure why I chose [ʁ] instead of [ʀ], but that's what I'll go with for now.
I'm currently assuming that the [ø] in my reconstruction of the third word in Proto-I/J is the result of an earlier [e] being rounded before [m], although I'm not sure if I'm entirely satisfied with that explanation.
M) [ˈqa.sə] - [ɸø.ˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ə.ˈmɒ.ɮə] - [ˈaː.ha]
N) [ˈʔas.sə] - [ɸø.ˈdɑː.ʒə] - [ŋə̃.ˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈŋaːː.ha]
[ˈqas.sə] - [ɸøˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔəˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈʔaː.ha] (Proto-M/N)
O) [ˈχaː.ze] - [ɸɑ.ˈðɑ.ʐə] - [ham.ˈmɑː.ɮa] - [ˈhaː.ɦah]
P) [ˈqχaː.sə] - [pfə.ˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔhəm.ˈmɑː.lə] - [ˈʔhaː.həː]
[ˈq͡χaː.se] - [p͡ɸɑˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔ͡hamˈmɑː.lə] - [ˈʔ͡haː.hah] (Proto-O/P)
[ˈqas.sə] - [ɸøˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔəˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈʔaː.ha] (Proto-M/N)
[ˈq͡χaː.se] - [p͡ɸɑˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔ͡hamˈmɑː.lə] - [ˈʔ͡haː.hah] (Proto-O/P)
[ˈqas.se] - [pɒˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔamˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈʔaː.hah] (Proto-M/N/O/P)
I'm somewhat troubled by the fact that, according to what I've reconstructed here, geminate consonants in Proto-M/N/O/P are preserved in Proto-M/N but shortened in Proto-O/P, resulting in the compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel… except in the case of the geminate [m] in the third word, which is shortened in Proto-M/N but preserved in Proto-O/P. However, I'll leave things like this for now. If I'm not completely off track, perhaps this has something to do with the placement of stress?
I'm also uncertain about how to reconstruct the pretonic vowel in the second word. I've settled on [ɒ] for now based on the fact that many of the word's cognates have rounded vowels in that position, in addition to its outcome in my reconstruction of Proto-O/P.
[ˈʁe.ɟ͡ʝe] - [ɸoˈdɑɹ] - [heˈmo.ʎe] - [ˈha.ɦa] (Proto-I/J/K/L)
[ˈqas.se] - [pɒˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔamˈmɒɮ.ɮə] - [ˈʔaː.hah] (Proto-M/N/O/P)
[ˈɢeɟ.ɟ͡ʝe] - [poˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔemˈmɒʎ.ʎe] - [ˈʔaː.hah] (Proto-Eastern)
I'm not entirely confident about [ɢ] in the first word, but it could explain both the voicing of [ʁ] and the MOA of [q].
Initially, I was uncertain about how to reconstruct the stressed vowel in the first word and the pretonic vowels in the second and third words in Proto-Eastern, in terms of height. I've ended up assuming that Proto-Eastern mid vowels were lowered in Proto-M/N/O/P when adjacent to a uvular or when followed by a low vowel in the next syllable, although I'm not entirely sure I'm satisfied with that.
I'm not entirely sure why I chose to reconstruct [ʔ] rather than [h] as the initial consonant of the third and forth words, but it's what I'll go with for now.
I'm also uncertain about the medial geminates in the first and third words, but again, I'll leave things as they are here for now.
[əŋˈged.d͡ʒe] - [ˈptʰɑn.dɨ] - [ʔemˈmoʎ̝.ʎ̝æ] - [kaɣˈɣan] (Proto-Western)
[ˈɢeɟ.ɟ͡ʝe] - [poˈdɑ.ʐə] - [ʔemˈmɒʎ.ʎe] - [ˈʔaː.hah] (Proto-Eastern)
[ˈᴺɢeɟ.ɟ͡ʝe] - [poˈtɑᶯɖə] - [ʔemˈmɒʎ.ʎæ] - [qaʁˈʁan̥] (Proto-World)
There are a lot of things I'm uncertain about here, but that's to be expected on the first attempt, I suppose. The prenasalized stops, most of the vowels in the third word, and everything about the fourth word stand out in particular.
For the fourth word, I am almost 100% certain that what I've reconstructed here is wildly incorrect, but it may be the best I can do for now.