My unnamed Con language (edited version 1.3)

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oguzhanmoroglu
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My unnamed Con language (edited version 1.3)

Post by oguzhanmoroglu »

I cannot find a name for my language still. And I am developing this language still. So if you help me, I can be happy.
Firstly this is a constructed language but it has many loanwords from natural languages especially Arabic, Persian and also international words (mostly these are latin, greek or english words like television, computer, telephone, internet). Especially I selected Arabic and Persian words because they are used in various Middle East, Central and Southern Asian languages.

last editions: I added new vocabulary list
1. Phonology:
Vowels: a, i, u /a i u/
for loanwords:
â, î, û /a: i: u:/
e, o /e o/
' (apostroph): /ʔ/
Consonants:
m,n /m n/
p, t, k /p t k/
v, s /v s/
r, l, y /r l j/
only in loanwords:
b, d, g, q /b d g q/
ch, j /tʃ dʒ/
f, z, sh, zh, kh, gh, h /f z ʃ ʒ x ɣ h/

2. Sintax: Subject-Object-Verb
3. Syllables: Every nouns, adjectives and adverbs have two or three syllables except loanwords, questional adjectives and numeral adjectives. And every verbs have just two syllables.
first syllable: V, VC, CV, CVC
second syllable: CV, CVC (If it is not final syllable)
final syllable: CV
And other words (pronouns, conjunctions, postpositions, numbers and question words...) have one or two syllables. Of course exept loanwords
V, VC, CV, CVC, VCV, CVCV
C: any consonant
V: any vowel

4. Personal pronouns:
mi: I ami: we
ti: you ati: you (plural)
vi: he/she/it avi: they
5. Demonstrative pronouns:
ni: this ani: these
vi: that avi: those
6. Adjective pronouns:
noun+personal pronouns
nâm: name (from persian; it is synonime with "isim" from arabic)
nâm mi: my name, nâm ti: your name
am: self ammi: myself amti: yourself
nâm amti: your own name
7. plural: a+noun
kitâb: book, akitâb: books
âdam: man, ay âdam: men (when a word start with a, we make plural as "ay")
8. negotiation: ya
ni kitâb: this is a book
ni kitâb ya: this is not a book
9. Questions:
si: what
sinu: how
siya: why
si vaqt: when
ku: where
ki: who
kam: which
kai: how many/how much
10. nouncases:
-m: accusative
-p: dative
-t: locative
-s: ablative
-l: instrumental
-n: genetive
-k: for
-r: like/as
-v: without
11. verbs:
Present tense: verb+m
past tense: verb+t
relative: verb+n
infinitive: verb+l
passive: verb+tense+i
causative: ma+verb
-----------------------------------------
examples:
mi shâgird: I am student
mi shâgird ya: I am not student
kitâb mi: my book
nâm vi: his/her name
mashin: car amashin: kars
ni si: what is this
ni qalam: this is a pencil (also it means "is this a pencil?)
ni kin: whose is this?
vi min: it is mine.
vi Mary'n kuni: It is Mary's house.
nâm ti si: what is your name?
nâm mi Ahmad: My name is Ahmad
ti sinu: How are you?
mi khush: I am fıne
mi ri khush: I am fine too (ri: also, too)
ti kut: where are you
ti kus: where are you from?
mi Turkiyas: I am from Turkey
kuni: house/home
kunim: house (accusative)
kunip: to house
kunit: in house/at home
kunis: from house
kunil: with house
kunik: for house
kunin: of house
kunir: like house
kuniv: without home/homeless
shahar: city
shaharit: in city (it is a persian word and it has a final consonant so we add i before noun cases)
ayi: come! (as imperative)
nira: here
vira: there
nira ayi: come here
vira sayi: go there
ayit: came
sayit: went
ayim: is coming
vi ayim ya: he/she is not coming
vi karim ya: he/she is not doing
ayi na: don't come
(Actually "ya" means not but when a word ends with ya, yi or yu, negatif form canges to na.)
ayin: (smb/smt) who is coming
mi tim kunit intizâr pitim: I am waiting you at home
mi tis muhabbat karim: I love you
karimi: smt is doing (passive)
siti: live
sititsi: was lived (sititi>sititsi, because there is two same syllable so we added s)
limi: touch
limimsi: is touched (limimi>limimsi)
akarim: have smt done (causative)
ra: there is/ to have
ya: there is not/have not/not/don't
kuchat maya mashin ra: there are a lot of car on the street. (maya: many, much, very, too, a lot of)
lekin mashin mi ya: but I have't any car.
mi vistim tum vinim: I want to see you (visti: want, vini: see)
ti sihhat tik milim ya sigaret misim: you should not smoke for your health. (sihhat: health, misi: pull, draw, smell, smoke)
digar mi vistim ya tum vinim: I don' want to see you anymore
mi tanim vim karim: I can do it (tani: can)
mi tanim na yâr miv hich si karim: I can do nothing without my dear. (yâr: dear, hich si/hich chiz: nothing, tanim na: actually tanim ya)
agar ti hâzir mil ya, mi tis khafa pitim: If you are not with me now, I will be offended by you (agar: if, khafa isya: be offended)
mi hâzir kunit, lekin qablan bazarit pitit: I am at home now, but I was at market before. (hâzir: now, at the moment, also means ready)
mi kunit pitit ya, dost mil bazarip sayit: I was not at home, I went to market with my friend (both sentences have same subjects so I have used subject once)
mi har lahza tim fikir kanim: I am thinking you every moment
hâzir ti si karim: what are you doing now?
hâzir mi kunit hich si karim ya: I am doing nothing now at home.
ni apartmanit sinin ay âdam hamîsha janjal karim: The men sitting in this apartment are always fighting. (hamîsha: always, sini: sit)

Sample text:
Tamâmi a insân âzâd, haysiyat va huqûq lihâzis barâbar nistim. Avi aql va vijdânip sâhib va milim yak-digarip birâdarî zihniyatil harakat kanim.
"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood."

*** I added list of some vocabularies to following post (mi muta'âqib postip ba'zi kalimâtin list izâfa karit; ba'zi: some, fi'l: verb, muta'âqib: following, ta'qîb kari: follow, izâfa kari: add)
Last edited by oguzhanmoroglu on 07 Dec 2020 16:20, edited 26 times in total.
Porphyrogenitos
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Re: My unnamed Con language

Post by Porphyrogenitos »

oguzhanmoroglu wrote: 21 Nov 2020 18:55 1. Phonology:
Vowels: a, i, u (for loanwords: â, e, î, o, û)
â, î and û are long vowels. Other vowels are pronounced same as IPA.
Consonants: k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, y (for loanwords: b, ch, d, f, g, gh, h, j, kh, q, sh, z, zh)
b, d, f, g, h, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, z are pronounced same as IPA.
ch, j, sh, y are pronounced same as English as "chair, jam, shame, yes)
gh is pronounced as "ghain" in arabic, "gamma" in greek and r in French also in IPA [γ]
kh is pronounced as ch in german, Xx in Russian also in IPA [x]
zh is pronounced as "s" in "usually"
This is mostly understandable, but the most common way of representing phonemic inventories on this forum is to list the phonemes in slashes in rows corresponding to manner of articulation, with the phonemes in each row ordered according to place of articulation. Orthographic representations, in bold text, might follow each row of phonemes. This kind of imitates the consonant tables you often see in the phonology sections of descriptive grammars. It is somewhat arbitrary, but others will find it easier to process.

So for your phoneme inventory here it would look something like:

Vowels:
/a i u/ a i u
/aː iː uː/ â î û
/e o/ e o (only in loanwords)

Consonants:
/m n/ m n
/p t k/ p t k
/v s/ v s
/r l j/ r l y

The following occur only in loanwords:
/b d g q/ b d g q
/tʃ dʒ/ ch j
/f z ʃ ʒ x ɣ h/ f z sh zh kh gh h
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eldin raigmore
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Re: My unnamed Con language

Post by eldin raigmore »

Porphyrogenitos means “romanization” instead of “orthography”.
You can’t have an “orthography” until you’ve settled on a writing system for your conlang.
.....
With that small change the advice in that post is all good; and I myself wish I had followed it earlier!
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Re: My unnamed Con language

Post by Salmoneus »

eldin raigmore wrote: 23 Nov 2020 18:24 Porphyrogenitos means “romanization” instead of “orthography”.
You can’t have an “orthography” until you’ve settled on a writing system for your conlang.
.....
With that small change the advice in that post is all good; and I myself wish I had followed it earlier!
A romanization IS an orthography - whether or not it is the most common orthography currently employed by native speakers. Even a convention employed only by the grammarian for the purposes of forum posts and in no other context (eg one that avoids symbols that aren't as easy to type) is still AN orthography, and it conventions are orthographic conventions and orthographic representations.
oguzhanmoroglu
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Re: My unnamed Con language

Post by oguzhanmoroglu »

Porphyrogenitos wrote: 23 Nov 2020 09:38
oguzhanmoroglu wrote: 21 Nov 2020 18:55 1. Phonology:
Vowels: a, i, u (for loanwords: â, e, î, o, û)
â, î and û are long vowels. Other vowels are pronounced same as IPA.
Consonants: k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, y (for loanwords: b, ch, d, f, g, gh, h, j, kh, q, sh, z, zh)
b, d, f, g, h, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, z are pronounced same as IPA.
ch, j, sh, y are pronounced same as English as "chair, jam, shame, yes)
gh is pronounced as "ghain" in arabic, "gamma" in greek and r in French also in IPA [γ]
kh is pronounced as ch in german, Xx in Russian also in IPA [x]
zh is pronounced as "s" in "usually"
This is mostly understandable, but the most common way of representing phonemic inventories on this forum is to list the phonemes in slashes in rows corresponding to manner of articulation, with the phonemes in each row ordered according to place of articulation. Orthographic representations, in bold text, might follow each row of phonemes. This kind of imitates the consonant tables you often see in the phonology sections of descriptive grammars. It is somewhat arbitrary, but others will find it easier to process.

So for your phoneme inventory here it would look something like:

Vowels:
/a i u/ a i u
/aː iː uː/ â î û
/e o/ e o (only in loanwords)

Consonants:
/m n/ m n
/p t k/ p t k
/v s/ v s
/r l j/ r l y

The following occur only in loanwords:
/b d g q/ b d g q
/tʃ dʒ/ ch j
/f z ʃ ʒ x ɣ h/ f z sh zh kh gh h
Ok I edited my post. Actually in my language there are just 3 vowels and 10 consonants because I thought if I select a lot of sounds, when I derive new words it can get hard. Actually I could not derive a lot of still, but in my language syllabication is so easy. Then the rest I will get loan from various languages (esp. arabic, persian). What do you think about this? I want to learn opinion of various people.
Last edited by oguzhanmoroglu on 26 Nov 2020 10:11, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: My unnamed Con language

Post by Vlürch »

oguzhanmoroglu wrote: 25 Nov 2020 17:16Then the rest I will get loan from various languages (esp. arabic, persian).
You might want to consider that usually the words in the Swadesh list are not borrowed from other languages. That's not absolute by any means, though, sometimes some of even the most basic native vocabulary can be replaced with loanwords if language contact is particularly intense and prolonged. If you already knew that or it's otherwise unhelpful, sorry.
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Re: My unnamed Con language

Post by oguzhanmoroglu »

Vlürch wrote: 26 Nov 2020 01:48
oguzhanmoroglu wrote: 25 Nov 2020 17:16Then the rest I will get loan from various languages (esp. arabic, persian).
You might want to consider that usually the words in the Swadesh list are not borrowed from other languages. That's not absolute by any means, though, sometimes some of even the most basic native vocabulary can be replaced with loanwords if language contact is particularly intense and prolonged. If you already knew that or it's otherwise unhelpful, sorry.
Yes I know swadesh lists. And when I borrow a word I consider common words of Arabic Persian Urdu amd Turkic languages.
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Re: My unnamed Con language (edited version 1.3)

Post by oguzhanmoroglu »

LIST OF VERBS
Basic verbs:
amiya: teach (a+miya)
asura: burst, fire up(a+sura)
ari: bring
ayi: come
ista: stop
kala: stand up
kami: miss
kani: read
kari: do, make
kati: bite
kavi: sleep
kaya: slip, slide
kayi: hold
kili: feed, care
kini: lough
kiri: cry
kisi: cut
kiya: fall
kumi: be lost
kuri: eat
kusya: open
kusi: kill
lari:shake
liki: find
limi: touch
lisi: lie down
liti: turn, return
lumi: break
lusyi: lift
mani: remain
mari: die
mila: take
mili: should, have to
mini: remember
mira: pass
misi: pull, draw, smell
miya: learn
namsu: rain
nisi: forget
nisti: be born
nunsi: like, love
nupi: suck
pili: fell
pani: drink
pina: kick, hit, shoot
piri: fly
pisi: write
pisu: fear
piti: be, become
piya: walk
pukta: bake
puni: understand
puri: carry, take away
pusi: wear
puska: search
rani: drive, ride
ravi:count
rimi: throw
risi: pour
sani: know, aware
sari: put
sayi: go
sikri: jump
sili: delete/wipe
simi: swim
sini: sit, crouch down
siri: look
siti: live
sitri: cover, wrap, bury, coat
sivi: fight
suki: play
suni: hear
supi: kiss
suyi: wash
sura: burn
tani:can
tanpi: swell
tini: give
tipi: freeze
tita:bloe
tivi: run
tuki: spit
vayi: say, tell
vini: see
viri: believe
visti: want

Compound verbs:
ârâm piti: calm
basta kari/band kari: close
dâkhil piti: enter
dars kari: study
difâ kari: defend
fikir kari: think
gardish kari: wander, spin, whirl
hal kari: solve
harf pina, gap pina: speak
hazil kari: joke
hâzir kari: prepare
hifz kari: save, Protect
himâyat kari: support
his kari: feel
hujum kari: attact
hurmat kari: respect
iftikhâr kari: proud
ijâzat tini: let
intizâr piti: wait
izdivâj kari: get married
jam kari: collect
javâb tini: ansver
kâr kari: work
kasal piti: be sick
khafa piti: get offended
khâhish kari/ iltimas kari: request
khalas kari: finish
kharâp kari: disrupt, ruin, destroy
khârij kari: exit
khasta piti: be tired
khayâl kari: imagine
kumak tini: help
ma'rifî kari: introduce
maaf kari: forgive
ma'lûm kari: inform, notify
muhabbat kari: love
nijât kari: rescue
nishân tini: show
pinhân tini: hide
qabûl kari: accept
qahar kari: get angry
qarâr tini: decide
rad kari: reject
savâl tini: ask
sayl kari: watch
sâzish kari: build
shinâs kari: recognise
shurû kari: start
tamîz kari/pâk kari: clean
tark kari: leave
tashvîsh kari: get worried
vasl kari: connect

** We can make nouns or adjectives When we add verbs -na, ra or ya.
kavra: bed
kisra: knife
kurna: food
limra: hand
lumya: glass
marna: death
nupra: milk
milna: finger
minra: brain
nistiya: sibling
pirna: bird
pisra: funky
pusya: dress
puktaya: owen
rimna: arrow
simya: fish
sinra: chair
sivra: sword
sukra: game
supra: lip
tipra: ice/icy
tukra: saliva
Last edited by oguzhanmoroglu on 01 Dec 2020 15:50, edited 7 times in total.
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Re: My unnamed Con language (edited version 1.3)

Post by oguzhanmoroglu »

Vocabulary list:
aka/kohna*/qadîm*: old
aki: dog
akra: field/plain
alyi/shamâl*: wind
anya: baby
arsa: bear
aru/dûr*: far
arzân*: cheap
asra: blood
avi: sheep
avra: gold
bacha*: child
badrû*: ugly
bahir: sea
bahâr*: spring
baland*: high
bâdimjân*: eggplant
bâmaza*/lazîz*: delicious
changâl*: fork
chây*: thea
dunyâ*/jahân*: earth, world
durust*: correct, true
ghalat*: false
hafif*: light (adjective)
hayât*/zindagî*: life
ikva: horse
ilni: deer
ilu: smooth
ima: mother
insa: salt
inti: in front of
ipa: father
ishq*/muhabbat*: love
jazîra*: island
kam*: few
kansi: goose
kara: donkey
karma/sitâra*: star
kasu: dirty
kava: cow
khoshrû*: beautiful
khâlî*: empty
kikla: whell
kili/nahir*/daryâ*: river
kinna: chin
kinu: backside, behind
kipa: down
kira: gut
kurna: grain
kuva: narrow
lanku: neck
lansa: red
lasi/chap*: left
lavi/rast*: right
likpu/khosh: good
luna: snake
maka: mouth
mami: tail
mamu: feather
mana: leaf
mara: root
maru: seed
masa: wing
masi: horn
maya: too, many, a lot of, very
mili/asal*: honey
minki: eye
mita/gul*: flower
mitya/mayân*: middle
mukpa: cloud
muku: smoke
munsi: night
musu: mouse
muyu/tarîq*: road
naki: naked
nama: fat
namsu/bârân*: rain (as noun)
napi/chaman*: grass
napli: worm
nasu: nose
nima: ear
nipa/nazdik*/qarîb*: near
numa: breast
nupa: man (male person)
nupi: woman (female)
nâranj*: orange (as fruit)
nâranji*: orange
nûr: light (photon)
paki: dull
pakli/sar*/kalla*: head
pakpa: wide
palang*: tiger
pali: leg
pamvi: tree
papu/tukhum*: egg
pari: forward/opposite
parya/mustaqîm*: straight
pasi: knee
pati: foot
patti: full
pava: thin
pikpa: small
pinvi: snow
pirka: stick
piyâz*: onion
puku: belly
pukri: duck
pula: moon
pulu/safîd*: white
pura: forest
pursi: dust
putu/jabal*: mountain
pâk*: clear
pâyiz*: autumn
qahva'i*: brown
qahva*: coffe
qimmat*: expensive
rumva: heavy
sakht*: difficult
salu: warm
salyi: green
sama: hair
sanma: dry
sanpu: cold
sanva: long
saru: bone
satu: meat
shêr: lion
simpa/jigar*: liver
sîna*: chest
sinki: snow
sinlu/siyâh*: black
sinlu: dark
sinma/jadid*/tâza*: new
sira: sharp
sirvu: yellow
sunu: son
supa: back
suru: sand, dirt
susu: pig
suva: big
sâl*/sana*: year
sêb*: apple
tabaq*: dish
taki: louse
takra: tear
tamu/qalb*/dil*: heart
tanyi: sun
taru: door
tava: thick
tini: day
tinva: short
tukta: doughter
tuku: round
tunnu: tongue
tunti: tooth
turi: rope
tâbistân*: summer
unsa/tan*/jild*: skin
upari: over, abowe, upwards
vivra: beaver
vulka: wolf
yani: rotten
yapu/âsmân*: sky
yasi: water
yitpa: wet
yuna: young
yunpi: stone
yutu: iron
zimistân*: winter
zulmat*: darkness
âdam: person
âlam*: cosmos
âsân*: easy
âtash*: fire

numbers:
iki: one
tuvi: two
tini: three
saturi: four
pansi: five
sasi: six
sapta: seven
asta: eight
nava: nine
tasi: ten
* Words borrowed from natural languages marked as star.
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