Classical Zgblínthlà is the liturgical and state language of The Empire of The Bard-Emperors, which is in the southern part of the continent of Asaglin, and is part of the broader Asaglinic family, though the emporer denies it, and claims it is the holy language taught by the "Divine Bard of Heaven".
Phonology:
/p b t tʰ d k kʰ g/ <p b t th d k kh>
/t͡s t͡sʰ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ/ <c ch č čh>
/m n/ <m n>
/f v s z ʃ ʒ x/ <f v s z š ž h>
/l/
/i u a/ <i u a>
/ĩ ũ ã/ <ĩ ũ ã>
˩ ˧ ˥ <V̀ V V́>
Permitted onsets:
/sl fl sp st sk st͡s st͡ʃ st͡s st͡sl st͡ʃ st͡ʃl pt spt kp skp skpl ps spsl psl ks sks ksl sksl kf kfl skf skfl tf stf stfl tx stx px spx xp xpl xt ʃp ʃt ʃk ʃt͡s ʃt͡ʃ ʃt͡sl ʃt͡ʃ ʃt͡ʃl ʃpt ʃkp ʃkpl ʃpsl ʃks ʃksl ʃkf ʃkfl ʃtf ʃtfl stʰ skʰ st͡sʰ st͡ʃʰ st͡sʰ st͡sʰl st͡ʃʰ st͡ʃʰl ptʰ sptʰ kʰp skʰp skʰpl kʰs skʰs kʰsl skʰsl kʰf kʰfl skʰf skʰfl tʰf stʰf stʰfl tʰx stʰx xtʰ ʃtʰ ʃkʰ ʃt͡sʰ ʃt͡ʃʰ ʃt͡sʰl ʃt͡ʃʰ ʃt͡ʃʰl ʃptʰ ʃkʰp ʃkʰpl ʃkʰs ʃkʰsl ʃkʰf ʃkʰfl ʃtʰf ʃtʰfl zb zb zg bd zbd gb gbl zgb zgbl bz zbzl gz zgz gzl zgzl gv gvl zkv zkvl dv zdv zdvl ʒb ʒd ʒg ʒbd ʒgb ʒgbl ʒbzl gʒ zgʒ ʒgz ʒgʒ gʒl ʒgzl zgʒl ʒgʒl ʒkv ʒkvl ʒdv ʒdv/
Classical Zgblínthlà
Classical Zgblínthlà
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Classical Zgblínthlà
Permitted final clusters:
/mb mp nt ntʰ nd ft ftʰ sp st stʰ sk skʰ ʃp ʃt ʃtʰ ʃk ʃkʰ vd zb zd zg ʒb ʒd ʒg lp lb lt ltʰ ld lk lkʰ lg/
Nouns have five cases: Absolutive, Ergative, Dative, Genitive and Postpostional:
Noun: Skslúmbgã̀ "Scribe"
Absolutive: Skslúmbgã̀
Ergative: Skslúmbgàš
Dative: Skslúmbgàzd
Genitive: Skslúmbgàlkh
Postpostional: Skslúmbgàtá
/mb mp nt ntʰ nd ft ftʰ sp st stʰ sk skʰ ʃp ʃt ʃtʰ ʃk ʃkʰ vd zb zd zg ʒb ʒd ʒg lp lb lt ltʰ ld lk lkʰ lg/
Nouns have five cases: Absolutive, Ergative, Dative, Genitive and Postpostional:
Noun: Skslúmbgã̀ "Scribe"
Absolutive: Skslúmbgã̀
Ergative: Skslúmbgàš
Dative: Skslúmbgàzd
Genitive: Skslúmbgàlkh
Postpostional: Skslúmbgàtá
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Classical Zgblínthlà
Note that some nouns ending in a nasal vowel not only lose the nasalazation when an affix is attached, but have a nasal coda appear:
Noun: "Násĩ́ "Governor"
Absolutive: Násĩ́
Ergative: Násímiš
Dative: Násímazd
Genitive: Násímàlkh
Postpostional: Násímitá
Plurals:
Nouns have four classes for plurals: Honorific, Human, Animate and Inanimate.
The honorific plural marker is (u)ntthá
Plural declension of Noun: "Násĩ́ "Governor"
Absolutive: Násímuntthá
Ergative: Násímunttháš
Dative: Násímunttházd
Genitive: Násímuntthálkh
Postpostional: Násímuntthátá
The Human plural is (and)
Plural declension of Noun: Gbaft "Boy"
Absolutive: Gbaftand
Ergative: Gbaftandiš
Dative: Gbaftandazd
Genitive: Gbaftandàlkh
Postpostional: Gbaftandutá
Noun: "Násĩ́ "Governor"
Absolutive: Násĩ́
Ergative: Násímiš
Dative: Násímazd
Genitive: Násímàlkh
Postpostional: Násímitá
Plurals:
Nouns have four classes for plurals: Honorific, Human, Animate and Inanimate.
The honorific plural marker is (u)ntthá
Plural declension of Noun: "Násĩ́ "Governor"
Absolutive: Násímuntthá
Ergative: Násímunttháš
Dative: Násímunttházd
Genitive: Násímuntthálkh
Postpostional: Násímuntthátá
The Human plural is (and)
Plural declension of Noun: Gbaft "Boy"
Absolutive: Gbaftand
Ergative: Gbaftandiš
Dative: Gbaftandazd
Genitive: Gbaftandàlkh
Postpostional: Gbaftandutá
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Classical Zgblínthlà
Animate nouns form their by reduplication of the onset and coda (tone is lowered if possible) of the first syllable.
Schamgláfũ "Moth" Schàschamgláfũ "Moths"
If the initial cluster is 3 or 4 consonants, the reduplicated syllable is either the last two consonants only or the last consonant only; it is synchronically unpredictable.
Sklṹtmuth "Onager" Klũsklṹtmuth "Onagers"
Splṹtmuth "Woolly Rhino" Lũsplṹtmuth "Woolly Rhinos"
Schamgláfũ "Moth" Schàschamgláfũ "Moths"
If the initial cluster is 3 or 4 consonants, the reduplicated syllable is either the last two consonants only or the last consonant only; it is synchronically unpredictable.
Sklṹtmuth "Onager" Klũsklṹtmuth "Onagers"
Splṹtmuth "Woolly Rhino" Lũsplṹtmuth "Woolly Rhinos"
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Classical Zgblínthlà
Inanimate nouns form their plural by the suffix -h (/x/). Vowel-final nouns form this by just adding the suffix:
Spùtũ "River" Spùtũh "Rivers"
Consonant finals insert an oral vowel that is synchronically unpredictable:
Žglàmb "Lake" Žglàmbih "Lakes"
Hál "Mountain" Hálah "Mountains"
Hàl "Palace" Hàluh "Palaces"
Spùtũ "River" Spùtũh "Rivers"
Consonant finals insert an oral vowel that is synchronically unpredictable:
Žglàmb "Lake" Žglàmbih "Lakes"
Hál "Mountain" Hálah "Mountains"
Hàl "Palace" Hàluh "Palaces"
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Classical Zgblínthlà
Pronouns:
The Absolutive pronouns are as so:
1P.sing: Nà
1P.plr: Dvã
2p.Sing: Tà
2p.plr: Tã́
3P.sing: Hà
3P.Plr: Šã
The Ergative, Dative and Postpositional are based on Extended forms, which are used alone for Ergative, but Dative and Postpositional are the Extended forms with the normal case endings:
1P.sing: Anà
1P.plr: Dvãh
2p.Sing: Atà
2p.plr: Tán
3P.sing: Hàm
3P.Plr: Šan
The Genitive forms:
1P.sing: Ní
1P.plr: Dvĩ
2p.Sing: Tàk
2p.plr: Tã́lk
3P.sing: Hú
3P.Plr: Šamb
The Absolutive pronouns are as so:
1P.sing: Nà
1P.plr: Dvã
2p.Sing: Tà
2p.plr: Tã́
3P.sing: Hà
3P.Plr: Šã
The Ergative, Dative and Postpositional are based on Extended forms, which are used alone for Ergative, but Dative and Postpositional are the Extended forms with the normal case endings:
1P.sing: Anà
1P.plr: Dvãh
2p.Sing: Atà
2p.plr: Tán
3P.sing: Hàm
3P.Plr: Šan
The Genitive forms:
1P.sing: Ní
1P.plr: Dvĩ
2p.Sing: Tàk
2p.plr: Tã́lk
3P.sing: Hú
3P.Plr: Šamb
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Classical Zgblínthlà
Verbs come in three main classes: Intransitive, Transitive I, and Transitive II. Note the last two have two subclasses: One for pure Transitive verbs, the other for Ditransitives.
Intransitives and Transitive Is have the same TAM suffixes. Here are the TA suffixes:
Plain Present: ∅
Present progressive: Pthì
Plain past: Fúnd
Past termanative: zglãk
Past inceptive: Tfũ̀
Past Habitual: Klũ
Past Conative: Núlthà
Future: Gva
The prefixes for Intransitives are for class and number of the sole arguement:
Honorific: Ždì
Honorific Plural: Zblã̀
Human: Stok
Human Plural: Miškkhá
Animate: Gvàl
Animate plural: Splú
Inanimate: Zgvú
Inanimate Plural: Žgvú
The verb Htásp "To yell; To growl" will be our example:
Splṹtmuth gvàlhtásptfũ
"The wooly rhino began to growl"
Dvã miškkháhtáspnúlthà
"We tried to yell"
Intransitives and Transitive Is have the same TAM suffixes. Here are the TA suffixes:
Plain Present: ∅
Present progressive: Pthì
Plain past: Fúnd
Past termanative: zglãk
Past inceptive: Tfũ̀
Past Habitual: Klũ
Past Conative: Núlthà
Future: Gva
The prefixes for Intransitives are for class and number of the sole arguement:
Honorific: Ždì
Honorific Plural: Zblã̀
Human: Stok
Human Plural: Miškkhá
Animate: Gvàl
Animate plural: Splú
Inanimate: Zgvú
Inanimate Plural: Žgvú
The verb Htásp "To yell; To growl" will be our example:
Splṹtmuth gvàlhtásptfũ
"The wooly rhino began to growl"
Dvã miškkháhtáspnúlthà
"We tried to yell"
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Classical Zgblínthlà
Transitive I verbs use the intransitive TA marker and class-number marker for the ergative arguement. The following is used for the absolutive:
Honorific: Žì̀̃̀
Honorific Plural: Zbál
Human: Ktũ
Human Plural: Tfad
Animate: Mùlt
Animate plural: Pudvá
Inanimate: Čã̀
Inanimate Plural: Htáč
Using "Hpáz" "To eat"
Čásčáptiš gvútálkh mažgand splútfadhpázgva
Čá-sčápti-š gvútá-lkh mažg-and-∅ splú-tfad-hpáz-gva
PLR-tiger-ERG sun-GEN heretical.priest-plr-ABS ANIM.PLR-HUM.PLR-eat-FUT
"Tigers will eat the Sun-Priests"
(This is a slogan used when a religious purge is declared)
Honorific: Žì̀̃̀
Honorific Plural: Zbál
Human: Ktũ
Human Plural: Tfad
Animate: Mùlt
Animate plural: Pudvá
Inanimate: Čã̀
Inanimate Plural: Htáč
Using "Hpáz" "To eat"
Čásčáptiš gvútálkh mažgand splútfadhpázgva
Čá-sčápti-š gvútá-lkh mažg-and-∅ splú-tfad-hpáz-gva
PLR-tiger-ERG sun-GEN heretical.priest-plr-ABS ANIM.PLR-HUM.PLR-eat-FUT
"Tigers will eat the Sun-Priests"
(This is a slogan used when a religious purge is declared)
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Classical Zgblínthlà
Ditransitive I verbs mark for the dative arguement with the following markers:
Honorific: Žgid
Honorific Plural: Ždá
Human: Flint
Human Plural: Flì̃̀t
Animate: Skaná
Animate plural: Skàna
Inanimate: Bu
Inanimate Plural: Gbú
Using Skhplušk "to promise":
Skslúmbgàš špthúlàš násí́mazd ždicã̀ždáskhpluškklũ
"The scribe often promised the govenor a bribe"
Honorific: Žgid
Honorific Plural: Ždá
Human: Flint
Human Plural: Flì̃̀t
Animate: Skaná
Animate plural: Skàna
Inanimate: Bu
Inanimate Plural: Gbú
Using Skhplušk "to promise":
Skslúmbgàš špthúlàš násí́mazd ždicã̀ždáskhpluškklũ
"The scribe often promised the govenor a bribe"
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien