I like it, diphthongs that end in æ̯ are interesting, and diphthongs from diachronics are interesting too.Vlürch wrote: ↑12 Sep 2020 01:42If you meant that sarcastically, I figured that even though the required sound changes would've been pretty wacky, they'd be realistic enough:
[r] -> [ʀ] -> [ʁ] -> [ʕ] -> [æ̯] after back vowels, and for whatever reason not going farther than [ʀ] in onsets
[r] -> [ɾ] -> [ɹ] -> [ɹ̝] -> [ʒ] after front vowels, and for whatever reason not going farther than [ɹ] in onsets
The rationale behind the allophones going in different directions was vowels having had a gradual lenitive effect on them, but them not having had an effect on vowels for whatever reason. I know the opposite is more likely, but well.
Anyway, apparently coda [ʁ] -> [æ̯] has actually happened in one Norwegian dialect so that should be fine. I thought coda /r/ being [ʒ] was a thing in some dialects of Portuguese, but apparently not. Oh well. I still think it's at least borderline naturalistic, though? Weeeell, it doesn't really matter anyway since it's just a random sketch phonology.
Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
-
- greek
- Posts: 594
- Joined: 19 Mar 2016 04:14
- Location: Australia
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
What if Basque and Arabic had a kitchen sink baby?
/m n̪ n̺ ɲ/ <m ṉ n ñ>
/b t̪ d̪ t̺ d̺ k g ʔ/ <b ṯ ḏ t d k g ʾ>
/t̪ˤ d̪ˤ/ <ṭ ḍ>
/t̪͡s̪ t̺͡s̺ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ/ <tz ts tx j>
/t̪͡s̪ˤ/ <ṭṣ>
/s̪ s̺ ʃ/ <z s x>
/s̪ˤ/ <ṣ>
/f j w x ɣ ħ ʕ h/ <f y w ḵ ḡ ḥ ʿ h>
/l̪ r̺ ʎ/ <l r ll>
/a e i o u/ <a e i o u>
/aː eː iː oː uː/ <ā ē ī ō ū>
/m n̪ n̺ ɲ/ <m ṉ n ñ>
/b t̪ d̪ t̺ d̺ k g ʔ/ <b ṯ ḏ t d k g ʾ>
/t̪ˤ d̪ˤ/ <ṭ ḍ>
/t̪͡s̪ t̺͡s̺ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ/ <tz ts tx j>
/t̪͡s̪ˤ/ <ṭṣ>
/s̪ s̺ ʃ/ <z s x>
/s̪ˤ/ <ṣ>
/f j w x ɣ ħ ʕ h/ <f y w ḵ ḡ ḥ ʿ h>
/l̪ r̺ ʎ/ <l r ll>
/a e i o u/ <a e i o u>
/aː eː iː oː uː/ <ā ē ī ō ū>
Mmh, there's something about them that's just... comfy?
- LinguoFranco
- greek
- Posts: 615
- Joined: 20 Jul 2016 17:49
- Location: U.S.
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
I quite like this inventory, but now I'm starting to see problems.
/m n/
/p t t͡ʃ t͡ɬ k/
/b d g/
/s ɬ x/
/z ɮ/
/l j ʋ
/i u/
/e o/
/a/
I've been told it is unusual to have /l/, /ɬ/ and /ɮ/ in the same language, and that does seem to be the case with the natlangs I've perused.
The syllable structure is CVC, btw.
/m n/
/p t t͡ʃ t͡ɬ k/
/b d g/
/s ɬ x/
/z ɮ/
/l j ʋ
/i u/
/e o/
/a/
I've been told it is unusual to have /l/, /ɬ/ and /ɮ/ in the same language, and that does seem to be the case with the natlangs I've perused.
The syllable structure is CVC, btw.
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
While this is true, that doesn't mean it's impossible. I did a quick search on Wikipedia and found, for example, a Chadic language spoken in northeastern Nigeria, Tera, which is described as contrasting /l/, /ɬ/, and /ɮ/.LinguoFranco wrote: ↑24 Oct 2020 04:52 I've been told it is unusual to have /l/, /ɬ/ and /ɮ/ in the same language, and that does seem to be the case with the natlangs I've perused.
The user formerly known as "shimobaatar".
(she)
(she)
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
A redo of Fuheko:
/ t~t͡s~t͡ʃ t͡ʃ k p: t:~t͡s:~t͡ʃ: t͡ʃ: k: / <t~ts~ch ch k pp tt~tts~cch kk>
/s~ʃ ʃ h~ɸ/ <s~sh sh h~f>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/ɾ/ <r>
/ʋ j/ <v j>
/i y u/ <i ü u>
/i: y: u:/ <ii üü uu>
/e ø o/ <e ö o>
/e: ø: o:/ <ee öö oo>
/æ ɒ/ <ä a>
/æ: ɒ:/ <ää aa>
/æy æø æi æe / <äü äö äi äe>
/ɒu ɒo ɒi ɒe/ <au ao ai ae>
/ei øi oi/ <ei öi oi>
/yæ yø yi ye/ <üä üö üi üe>
/uɒ uo ui ue/ <ua uo ui ue>
/iæ iɒ ie iø io iy iu/ <iä ia ie iö io iü iu>
Their is front-back vowel harmony, with i, i: e, e: being neutral. /t/ is realized as [t͡s] before /y/y:/u/u:/ and fuses with /t͡ʃ/ before /i/i:/e/e:/. /s/ fuses with ʃ before /i/i:/e/e:/. /h/ is realized as [ɸ]before /y/y:/u/u:/
(C)V(V)(N)
/ t~t͡s~t͡ʃ t͡ʃ k p: t:~t͡s:~t͡ʃ: t͡ʃ: k: / <t~ts~ch ch k pp tt~tts~cch kk>
/s~ʃ ʃ h~ɸ/ <s~sh sh h~f>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/ɾ/ <r>
/ʋ j/ <v j>
/i y u/ <i ü u>
/i: y: u:/ <ii üü uu>
/e ø o/ <e ö o>
/e: ø: o:/ <ee öö oo>
/æ ɒ/ <ä a>
/æ: ɒ:/ <ää aa>
/æy æø æi æe / <äü äö äi äe>
/ɒu ɒo ɒi ɒe/ <au ao ai ae>
/ei øi oi/ <ei öi oi>
/yæ yø yi ye/ <üä üö üi üe>
/uɒ uo ui ue/ <ua uo ui ue>
/iæ iɒ ie iø io iy iu/ <iä ia ie iö io iü iu>
Their is front-back vowel harmony, with i, i: e, e: being neutral. /t/ is realized as [t͡s] before /y/y:/u/u:/ and fuses with /t͡ʃ/ before /i/i:/e/e:/. /s/ fuses with ʃ before /i/i:/e/e:/. /h/ is realized as [ɸ]before /y/y:/u/u:/
(C)V(V)(N)
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
- DesEsseintes
- mongolian
- Posts: 4331
- Joined: 31 Mar 2013 13:16
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Limestone 5.0
/ʔ j ɯ/ are written ’ y u; all other sounds written as in IPA.
Code: Select all
Stop - modal p t k ʔ
Stop - voiced b d g
Fricative s h
Liquid r l
Semivowel j w
Vowel ɯ e i o a
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
I was bored, couldn't sleep and didn't feel like "serious" conlanging, so I tried to do the ultimate kitchen sink.
/m n̪ n̺ ŋ/
/mʲ n̪ʲ n̺ʲ ŋʲ/
/mˤ n̪ˤ n̺ˤ ŋˤ/
/mʲˤ n̪ʲˤ n̺ʲˤ ŋʲˤ/
/n̪ʷ n̺ʷ ŋʷ/
/n̪ʲʷ n̺ʲʷ ŋʲʷ/
/n̪ʷˤ n̺ʷˤ ŋʷˤ/
/n̪ʲʷˤ n̺ʲʷˤ ŋʲʷˤ/
/p t̪ d̪ t̺ d̺ k q ʔ/
/pʲ t̪ʲ d̪ʲ t̺ʲ d̺ʲ kʲ ʔʲ/
/pˤ t̪ˤ d̪ˤ t̺ˤ d̺ˤ kˤ qˤ ʔˤ/
/pʲˤ t̪ʲˤ d̪ʲˤ t̺ʲˤ d̺ʲˤ kʲˤ ʔʲˤ/
/pʰ t̪ʰ t̺ʰ kʰ qʰ ʔʰ/
/pʲʰ t̪ʲʰ t̺ʲʰ kʲʰ ʔʲʰ/
/pʼ t̪ʼ t̺ʼ kʼ qʼ/
/pʲʼ t̪ʲʼ t̺ʲʼ kʲʼ/
/pˤʼ t̪ˤʼ t̺ˤʼ kˤʼ qˤʼ/
/pʲˤʼ t̪ʲˤʼ t̺ʲˤʼ kʲˤʼ/
/ɓ ɗ ɠ ʛ/
/ɓʲ ɗʲ ɠʲ/
/ɓˤ ɗˤ ɠˤ ʛˤ/
/ɓʲˤ ɗʲˤ ɠʲˤ/
/t̪ʷ d̪ʷ t̺ʷ d̺ʷ kʷ qʷ ʔʷ/
/t̪ʲʷ d̪ʲʷ t̺ʲʷ d̺ʲʷ kʲʷ ʔʲʷ/
/t̪ʷˤ d̪ʷˤ t̺ʷˤ d̺ʷˤ kʷˤ qʷˤ ʔʷˤ/
/t̪ʲʷˤ d̪ʲʷˤ t̺ʲʷˤ d̺ʲʷˤ kʲʷˤ ʔʲʷˤ/
/pʲʷʰ t̪ʲʷʰ t̺ʲʷʰ kʲʷʰ ʔʲʷʰ/
/t̪ʷʼ t̺ʷʼ kʷʼ qʷʼ/
/t̪ʲʷʼ t̺ʲʷʼ kʲʷʼ/
/t̪ʷˤʼ t̺ʷˤʼ kʷˤʼ qʷˤʼ/
/t̪ʲʷˤ t̺ʲʷˤʼ kʲʷˤʼ/
/ɗʷ ɠʷ ʛʷ/
/ɗʲʷ ɠʲʷ/
/ɗʷˤ ɠʷˤ ʛʷˤ/
/ɗʲʷˤ ɠʲʷˤ/
/ᵐp ⁿt̪ ⁿd̪ ⁿt̺ ⁿd̺ ᵑk ᶰq/
/ᵐpʲ ⁿt̪ʲ ⁿd̪ʲ ⁿt̺ʲ ⁿd̺ʲ ᵑkʲ/
/ᵐpˤ ⁿt̪ˤ ⁿd̪ˤ ⁿt̺ˤ ⁿd̺ˤ ᵑkˤ ᶰqˤ/
/ᵐpʲˤ ⁿt̪ʲˤ ⁿd̪ʲˤ ⁿt̺ʲˤ ⁿd̺ʲˤ ᵑkʲˤ/
/ᵐpʰ ⁿt̪ʰ ⁿt̺ʰ ᵑkʰ ᶰqʰ/
/ᵐpʲʰ ⁿt̪ʲʰ ⁿt̺ʲʰ ᵑkʲʰ/
/ᵐpʼ ⁿt̪ʼ ⁿt̺ʼ ᵑkʼ ᶰqʼ/
/ᵐpʲʼ ⁿt̪ʲʼ ⁿt̺ʲʼ ᵑkʲʼ/
/ᵐpˤʼ ⁿt̪ˤʼ ⁿt̺ˤʼ ᵑkˤʼ ᶰqˤʼ/
/ᵐpʲˤʼ ⁿt̪ʲˤʼ ⁿt̺ʲˤʼ ᵑkʲˤʼ/
/ᵐɓ ⁿɗ ᵑɠ ᶰʛ/
/ᵐɓʲ ⁿɗʲ ᵑɠʲ/
/ᵐɓˤ ⁿɗˤ ᵑɠˤ ᶰʛˤ/
/ᵐɓʲˤ ɗʲˤ ᵑɠʲˤ/
/ⁿt̪ʷ ⁿd̪ʷ ⁿt̺ʷ ⁿd̺ʷ ᵑkʷ ᶰqʷ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷ ⁿd̪ʲʷ ⁿt̺ʲʷ ⁿd̺ʲʷ ᵑkʲʷ/
/ⁿt̪ʷˤ ⁿd̪ʷˤ ⁿt̺ʷˤ ⁿd̺ʷˤ ᵑkʷˤ ᶰqʷˤ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷˤ ⁿd̪ʲʷˤ ⁿt̺ʲʷˤ ⁿd̺ʲʷˤ ᵑkʲʷˤ/
/ⁿt̪ʷʰ ⁿt̺ʷʰ ᵑkʷʰ ᶰqʷʰ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷʰ ⁿt̺ʲʷʰ ᵑkʲʷʰ/
/ⁿt̪ʷʼ ⁿt̺ʷʼ ᵑkʷʼ ᶰqʷʼ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷʼ ⁿt̺ʲʷʼ ᵑkʲʷʼ/
/ⁿt̪ʷˤʼ ⁿt̺ʷˤʼ ᵑkʷˤʼ ᶰqʷˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷˤʼ ⁿt̺ʲʷˤʼ ᵑkʲʷˤʼ/
/ⁿɗʷ ᵑɠʷ ᶰʛʷ/
/ⁿɗʲʷ ᵑɠʲʷ/
/ⁿɗʷˤ ᵑɠʷˤ ᶰʛʷˤ/
/ɗʲʷˤ ᵑɠʲʷˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ d̪͡z̪ t̺͡s̺ d̺͡z̺ t̪͡ʪ̪ d̪͡ʫ̪ t̺͡ʪ̺ d̺͡ʫ̺/
/t̪͡s̪ʲ d̪͡z̪ʲ t̺͡s̺ʲ d̺͡z̺ʲ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲ d̪͡ʫ̪ʲ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲ d̺͡ʫ̺ʲ/
/t̪͡s̪ˤ d̪͡z̪ˤ t̺͡s̺ˤ d̺͡z̺ˤ t̪͡ʪ̪ˤ d̪͡ʫ̪ˤ t̺͡ʪ̺ˤ d̺͡ʫ̺ˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲˤ d̪͡z̪ʲˤ t̺͡s̺ʲˤ d̺͡z̺ʲˤ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲˤ d̪͡ʫ̪ʲˤ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲˤ d̺͡ʫ̺ʲˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ʰ t̺͡s̺ʰ t̪͡ʪ̪ʰ t̺͡ʪ̺ʰ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʰ t̺͡s̺ʲʰ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʰ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʰ/
/t̪͡s̪ʼ t̺͡s̺ʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʼ t̺͡s̺ʲʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ˤʼ t̺͡s̺ˤʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ˤʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ˤʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲˤʼ t̺͡s̺ʲˤʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲˤʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲˤʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷ d̪͡z̪ʷ t̺͡s̺ʷ d̺͡z̺ʷ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷ d̪͡ʫ̪ʷ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷ d̺͡ʫ̺ʷ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷ d̪͡z̪ʲʷ t̺͡s̺ʲʷ d̺͡z̺ʲʷ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷ d̪͡ʫ̪ʲʷ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷ d̺͡ʫ̺ʲʷ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷˤ d̪͡z̪ʷˤ t̺͡s̺ʷˤ d̺͡z̺ʷˤ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷˤ d̪͡ʫ̪ʷˤ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷˤ d̺͡ʫ̺ʷˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷˤ d̪͡z̪ʲʷˤ t̺͡s̺ʲʷˤ d̺͡z̺ʲʷˤ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷˤ d̪͡ʫ̪ʲʷˤ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷˤ d̺͡ʫ̺ʲʷˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷʰ t̺͡s̺ʷʰ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷʰ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷʰ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷʰ t̺͡s̺ʲʷʰ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷʰ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷʰ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷʼ t̺͡s̺ʷʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷʼ t̺͡s̺ʲʷʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷˤʼ t̺͡s̺ʷˤʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷˤʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷˤʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷˤʼ t̺͡s̺ʲʷˤʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷˤʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ ⁿd̪͡z̪ ⁿt̺͡s̺ ⁿd̺͡z̺ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʲ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʲ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʲ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʲ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ˤ ⁿd̪͡z̪ˤ ⁿt̺͡s̺ˤ ⁿd̺͡z̺ˤ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ˤ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ˤ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ˤ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ˤ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲˤ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʲˤ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲˤ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʲˤ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲˤ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʲˤ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲˤ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʲˤ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʰ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʰ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʰ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʰ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʰ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʰ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʰ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʰ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ˤʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ˤʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ˤʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲˤʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲˤʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲˤʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʷ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʷ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʷ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʷ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʲʷ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʲʷ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʲʷ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʲʷ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷˤ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʷˤ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷˤ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʷˤ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷˤ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʷˤ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷˤ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʷˤ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷˤ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʲʷˤ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷˤ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʲʷˤ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷˤ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʲʷˤ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷˤ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʲʷˤ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷʰ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷʰ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷʰ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷʰ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷʰ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷʰ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷʰ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷʰ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷˤʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷˤʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷˤʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷˤʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷˤʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷˤʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷˤʼ/
/s̪ z̪ s̺ z̺ ʪ̪ ʫ̪ ʪ̺ ʫ̺/
/s̪ʲ z̪ʲ s̺ʲ z̺ʲ ʪ̪ʲ ʫ̪ʲ ʪ̺ʲ ʫ̺ʲ/
/s̪ˤ z̪ˤ s̺ˤ z̺ˤ ʪ̪ˤ ʫ̪ˤ ʪ̺ˤ ʫ̺ˤ/
/s̪ʲˤ z̪ʲˤ s̺ʲˤ z̺ʲˤ ʪ̪ʲˤ ʫ̪ʲˤ ʪ̺ʲˤ ʫ̺ʲˤ/
/s̪ʷ z̪ʷ s̺ʷ z̺ʷ ʪ̪ʷ ʫ̪ʷ ʪ̺ʷ ʫ̺ʷ/
/s̪ʲʷ z̪ʲʷ s̺ʲʷ z̺ʲʷ ʪ̪ʲʷ ʫ̪ʲʷ ʪ̺ʲʷ ʫ̺ʲʷ/
/s̪ʷˤ z̪ʷˤ s̺ʷˤ z̺ʷˤ ʪ̪ʷˤ ʫ̪ʷˤ ʪ̺ʷˤ ʫ̺ʷˤ/
/s̪ʲʷˤ z̪ʲʷˤ s̺ʲʷˤ z̺ʲʷˤ ʪ̪ʲʷˤ ʫ̪ʲʷˤ ʪ̺ʲʷˤ ʫ̺ʲʷˤ/
/j w ʕ h/
/hʲ/
/jˤ hˤ/
/hʲˤ/
/ʕʷ hʷ/
/hʷˤ/
/hʲʷˤ/
/l̪ l̺/
/l̪ʲ l̺ʲ/
/l̪ˤ l̺ˤ/
/l̪ʲˤ l̺ʲˤ/
/l̪ʷ l̺ʷ/
/l̪ʲʷ l̺ʲʷ/
/l̪ʷˤ l̺ʷˤ/
/l̪ʲʷˤ l̺ʲʷˤ/
/r/
/ɑ˧ ɛ˧ e˧ i˧ ɯ˧ ɔ˧ œ˧ o˧ ø˧ u˧ y˧/
/ɑː˧ ɛː˧ eː˧ iː˧ ɯː˧ ɔː˧ œː˧ oː˧ øː˧ uː˧ yː˧/
/ɑ̃˧ ɛ̃˧ ẽ˧ ĩ˧ ɯ̃˧ ɔ̃˧ œ̃˧ õ˧ ø̃˧ ũ˧ ỹ˧/
/ɑ̃ː˧ ɛ̃ː˧ ẽː˧ ĩː˧ ɯ̃ː˧ ɔ̃ː˧ œ̃ː˧ õː˧ ø̃ː˧ ũː˧ ỹː˧/
/ɑ˧˩ ɛ˧˩ e˧˩ i˧˩ ɯ˧˩ ɔ˧˩ œ˧˩ o˧˩ ø˧˩ u˧˩ y˧˩/
/ɑː˧˩ ɛː˧˩ eː˧˩ iː˧˩ ɯː˧˩ ɔː˧˩ œː˧˩ oː˧˩ øː˧˩ uː˧˩ yː˧˩/
/ɑ̃˧˩ ɛ̃˧˩ ẽ˧˩ ĩ˧˩ ɯ̃˧˩ ɔ̃˧˩ œ̃˧˩ õ˧˩ ø̃˧˩ ũ˧˩ ỹ˧˩/
/ɑ̃ː˧˩ ɛ̃ː˧˩ ẽː˧˩ ĩː˧˩ ɯ̃ː˧˩ ɔ̃ː˧˩ œ̃ː˧˩ õː˧˩ ø̃ː˧˩ ũː˧˩ ỹː˧˩/
/ɑ˧˥ ɛ˧˥ e˧˥ i˧˥ ɯ˧˥ ɔ˧˥ œ˧˥ o˧˥ ø˧˥ u˧˥ y˧˥/
/ɑː˧˥ ɛː˧˥ eː˧˥ iː˧˥ ɯː˧˥ ɔː˧˥ œː˧˥ oː˧˥ øː˧˥ uː˧˥ yː˧˥/
/ɑ̃˧˥ ɛ̃˧˥ ẽ˧˥ ĩ˧˥ ɯ̃˧˥ ɔ̃˧˥ œ̃˧˥ õ˧˥ ø̃˧˥ ũ˧˥ ỹ˧˥/
/ɑ̃ː˧˥ ɛ̃ː˧˥ ẽː˧˥ ĩː˧˥ ɯ̃ː˧˥ ɔ̃ː˧˥ œ̃ː˧˥ õː˧˥ ø̃ː˧˥ ũː˧˥ ỹː˧˥/
/ɑ˧˩˧ ɛ˧˩˧ e˧˩˧ i˧˩˧ ɯ˧˩˧ ɔ˧˩˧ œ˧˩˧ o˧˩˧ ø˧˩˧ u˧˩˧ y˧˩˧/
/ɑː˧˩˧ ɛː˧˩˧ eː˧˩˧ iː˧˩˧ ɯː˧˩˧ ɔː˧˩˧ œː˧˩˧ oː˧˩˧ øː˧˩˧ uː˧˩˧ yː˧˩˧/
/ɑ̃˧˩˧ ɛ̃˧˩˧ ẽ˧˩˧ ĩ˧˩˧ ɯ̃˧˩˧ ɔ̃˧˩˧ œ̃˧˩˧ õ˧˩˧ ø̃˧˩˧ ũ˧˩˧ ỹ˧˩˧/
/ɑ̃ː˧˩˧ ɛ̃ː˧˩˧ ẽː˧˩˧ ĩː˧˩˧ ɯ̃ː˧˩˧ ɔ̃ː˧˩˧ œ̃ː˧˩˧ õː˧˩˧ ø̃ː˧˩˧ ũː˧˩˧ ỹː˧˩˧/
/ɑ˧˥˧ ɛ˧˥˧ e˧˥˧ i˧˥˧ ɯ˧˥˧ ɔ˧˥˧ œ˧˥˧ o˧˥˧ ø˧˥˧ u˧˥˧ y˧˥˧/
/ɑː˧˥˧ ɛː˧˥˧ eː˧˥˧ iː˧˥˧ ɯː˧˥˧ ɔː˧˥˧ œː˧˥˧ oː˧˥˧ øː˧˥˧ uː˧˥˧ yː˧˥˧/
/ɑ̃˧˥˧ ɛ̃˧˥˧ ẽ˧˥˧ ĩ˧˥˧ ɯ̃˧˥˧ ɔ̃˧˥˧ œ̃˧˥˧ õ˧˥˧ ø̃˧˥˧ ũ˧˥˧ ỹ˧˥˧/
/ɑ̃ː˧˥˧ ɛ̃ː˧˥˧ ẽː˧˥˧ ĩː˧˥˧ ɯ̃ː˧˥˧ ɔ̃ː˧˥˧ œ̃ː˧˥˧ õː˧˥˧ ø̃ː˧˥˧ ũː˧˥˧ ỹː˧˥˧/
/ɑ˩ˀ ɛ˩ˀ e˩ˀ i˩ˀ ɯ˩ˀ ɔ˩ˀ œ˩ˀ o˩ˀ ø˩ˀ u˩ˀ y˩ˀ/
/ɑː˩ˀ ɛː˩ˀ eː˩ˀ iː˩ˀ ɯː˩ˀ ɔː˩ˀ œː˩ˀ oː˩ˀ øː˩ˀ uː˩ˀ yː˩ˀ/
/ɑ̃˩ˀ ɛ̃˩ˀ ẽ˩ˀ ĩ˩ˀ ɯ̃˩ˀ ɔ̃˩ˀ œ̃˩ˀ õ˩ˀ ø̃˩ˀ ũ˩ˀ ỹ˩ˀ/
/ɑ̃ː˩ˀ ɛ̃ː˩ˀ ẽː˩ˀ ĩː˩ˀ ɯ̃ː˩ˀ ɔ̃ː˩ˀ œ̃ː˩ˀ õː˩ˀ ø̃ː˩ˀ ũː˩ˀ ỹː˩ˀ/
/ɑ˥ˀ ɛ˥ˀ e˥ˀ i˥ˀ ɯ˥ˀ ɔ˥ˀ œ˥ˀ o˥ˀ ø˥ˀ u˥ˀ y˥ˀ/
/ɑː˥ˀ ɛː˥ˀ eː˥ˀ iː˥ˀ ɯː˥ˀ ɔː˥ˀ œː˥ˀ oː˥ˀ øː˥ˀ uː˥ˀ yː˥ˀ/
/ɑ̃˥ˀ ɛ̃˥ˀ ẽ˥ˀ ĩ˥ˀ ɯ̃˥ˀ ɔ̃˥ˀ œ̃˥ˀ õ˥ˀ ø̃˥ˀ ũ˥ˀ ỹ˥ˀ/
/ɑ̃ː˥ˀ ɛ̃ː˥ˀ ẽː˥ˀ ĩː˥ˀ ɯ̃ː˥ˀ ɔ̃ː˥ˀ œ̃ː˥ˀ õː˥ˀ ø̃ː˥ˀ ũː˥ˀ ỹː˥ˀ/
/ɑ˧˩˧ˀ ɛ˧˩˧ˀ e˧˩˧ˀ i˧˩˧ˀ ɯ˧˩˧ˀ ɔ˧˩˧ˀ œ˧˩˧ˀ o˧˩˧ˀ ø˧˩˧ˀ u˧˩˧ˀ y˧˩˧ˀ/
/ɑː˧˩˧ˀ ɛː˧˩˧ˀ eː˧˩˧ˀ iː˧˩˧ˀ ɯː˧˩˧ˀ ɔː˧˩˧ˀ œː˧˩˧ˀ oː˧˩˧ˀ øː˧˩˧ˀ uː˧˩˧ˀ yː˧˩˧ˀ/
/ɑ̃˧˩˧ˀ ɛ̃˧˩˧ˀ ẽ˧˩˧ˀ ĩ˧˩˧ˀ ɯ̃˧˩˧ˀ ɔ̃˧˩˧ˀ œ̃˧˩˧ˀ õ˧˩˧ˀ ø̃˧˩˧ˀ ũ˧˩˧ˀ ỹ˧˩˧ˀ/
/ɑ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ ɛ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ ẽː˧˩˧ˀ ĩː˧˩˧ˀ ɯ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ ɔ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ œ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ õː˧˩˧ˀ ø̃ː˧˩˧ˀ ũː˧˩˧ˀ ỹː˧˩˧ˀ/
/ɑ˧˥˧ˀ ɛ˧˥˧ˀ e˧˥˧ˀ i˧˥˧ˀ ɯ˧˥˧ˀ ɔ˧˥˧ˀ œ˧˥˧ˀ o˧˥˧ˀ ø˧˥˧ˀ u˧˥˧ˀ y˧˥˧ˀ/
/ɑː˧˥˧ˀ ɛː˧˥˧ˀ eː˧˥˧ˀ iː˧˥˧ˀ ɯː˧˥˧ˀ ɔː˧˥˧ˀ œː˧˥˧ˀ oː˧˥˧ˀ øː˧˥˧ˀ uː˧˥˧ˀ yː˧˥˧ˀ/
/ɑ̃˧˥˧ˀ ɛ̃˧˥˧ˀ ẽ˧˥˧ˀ ĩ˧˥˧ˀ ɯ̃˧˥˧ˀ ɔ̃˧˥˧ˀ œ̃˧˥˧ˀ õ˧˥˧ˀ ø̃˧˥˧ˀ ũ˧˥˧ˀ ỹ˧˥˧ˀ/
/ɑ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ ɛ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ ẽː˧˥˧ˀ ĩː˧˥˧ˀ ɯ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ ɔ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ œ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ õː˧˥˧ˀ ø̃ː˧˥˧ˀ ũː˧˥˧ˀ ỹː˧˥˧ˀ/
/m n̪ n̺ ŋ/
/mʲ n̪ʲ n̺ʲ ŋʲ/
/mˤ n̪ˤ n̺ˤ ŋˤ/
/mʲˤ n̪ʲˤ n̺ʲˤ ŋʲˤ/
/n̪ʷ n̺ʷ ŋʷ/
/n̪ʲʷ n̺ʲʷ ŋʲʷ/
/n̪ʷˤ n̺ʷˤ ŋʷˤ/
/n̪ʲʷˤ n̺ʲʷˤ ŋʲʷˤ/
/p t̪ d̪ t̺ d̺ k q ʔ/
/pʲ t̪ʲ d̪ʲ t̺ʲ d̺ʲ kʲ ʔʲ/
/pˤ t̪ˤ d̪ˤ t̺ˤ d̺ˤ kˤ qˤ ʔˤ/
/pʲˤ t̪ʲˤ d̪ʲˤ t̺ʲˤ d̺ʲˤ kʲˤ ʔʲˤ/
/pʰ t̪ʰ t̺ʰ kʰ qʰ ʔʰ/
/pʲʰ t̪ʲʰ t̺ʲʰ kʲʰ ʔʲʰ/
/pʼ t̪ʼ t̺ʼ kʼ qʼ/
/pʲʼ t̪ʲʼ t̺ʲʼ kʲʼ/
/pˤʼ t̪ˤʼ t̺ˤʼ kˤʼ qˤʼ/
/pʲˤʼ t̪ʲˤʼ t̺ʲˤʼ kʲˤʼ/
/ɓ ɗ ɠ ʛ/
/ɓʲ ɗʲ ɠʲ/
/ɓˤ ɗˤ ɠˤ ʛˤ/
/ɓʲˤ ɗʲˤ ɠʲˤ/
/t̪ʷ d̪ʷ t̺ʷ d̺ʷ kʷ qʷ ʔʷ/
/t̪ʲʷ d̪ʲʷ t̺ʲʷ d̺ʲʷ kʲʷ ʔʲʷ/
/t̪ʷˤ d̪ʷˤ t̺ʷˤ d̺ʷˤ kʷˤ qʷˤ ʔʷˤ/
/t̪ʲʷˤ d̪ʲʷˤ t̺ʲʷˤ d̺ʲʷˤ kʲʷˤ ʔʲʷˤ/
/pʲʷʰ t̪ʲʷʰ t̺ʲʷʰ kʲʷʰ ʔʲʷʰ/
/t̪ʷʼ t̺ʷʼ kʷʼ qʷʼ/
/t̪ʲʷʼ t̺ʲʷʼ kʲʷʼ/
/t̪ʷˤʼ t̺ʷˤʼ kʷˤʼ qʷˤʼ/
/t̪ʲʷˤ t̺ʲʷˤʼ kʲʷˤʼ/
/ɗʷ ɠʷ ʛʷ/
/ɗʲʷ ɠʲʷ/
/ɗʷˤ ɠʷˤ ʛʷˤ/
/ɗʲʷˤ ɠʲʷˤ/
/ᵐp ⁿt̪ ⁿd̪ ⁿt̺ ⁿd̺ ᵑk ᶰq/
/ᵐpʲ ⁿt̪ʲ ⁿd̪ʲ ⁿt̺ʲ ⁿd̺ʲ ᵑkʲ/
/ᵐpˤ ⁿt̪ˤ ⁿd̪ˤ ⁿt̺ˤ ⁿd̺ˤ ᵑkˤ ᶰqˤ/
/ᵐpʲˤ ⁿt̪ʲˤ ⁿd̪ʲˤ ⁿt̺ʲˤ ⁿd̺ʲˤ ᵑkʲˤ/
/ᵐpʰ ⁿt̪ʰ ⁿt̺ʰ ᵑkʰ ᶰqʰ/
/ᵐpʲʰ ⁿt̪ʲʰ ⁿt̺ʲʰ ᵑkʲʰ/
/ᵐpʼ ⁿt̪ʼ ⁿt̺ʼ ᵑkʼ ᶰqʼ/
/ᵐpʲʼ ⁿt̪ʲʼ ⁿt̺ʲʼ ᵑkʲʼ/
/ᵐpˤʼ ⁿt̪ˤʼ ⁿt̺ˤʼ ᵑkˤʼ ᶰqˤʼ/
/ᵐpʲˤʼ ⁿt̪ʲˤʼ ⁿt̺ʲˤʼ ᵑkʲˤʼ/
/ᵐɓ ⁿɗ ᵑɠ ᶰʛ/
/ᵐɓʲ ⁿɗʲ ᵑɠʲ/
/ᵐɓˤ ⁿɗˤ ᵑɠˤ ᶰʛˤ/
/ᵐɓʲˤ ɗʲˤ ᵑɠʲˤ/
/ⁿt̪ʷ ⁿd̪ʷ ⁿt̺ʷ ⁿd̺ʷ ᵑkʷ ᶰqʷ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷ ⁿd̪ʲʷ ⁿt̺ʲʷ ⁿd̺ʲʷ ᵑkʲʷ/
/ⁿt̪ʷˤ ⁿd̪ʷˤ ⁿt̺ʷˤ ⁿd̺ʷˤ ᵑkʷˤ ᶰqʷˤ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷˤ ⁿd̪ʲʷˤ ⁿt̺ʲʷˤ ⁿd̺ʲʷˤ ᵑkʲʷˤ/
/ⁿt̪ʷʰ ⁿt̺ʷʰ ᵑkʷʰ ᶰqʷʰ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷʰ ⁿt̺ʲʷʰ ᵑkʲʷʰ/
/ⁿt̪ʷʼ ⁿt̺ʷʼ ᵑkʷʼ ᶰqʷʼ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷʼ ⁿt̺ʲʷʼ ᵑkʲʷʼ/
/ⁿt̪ʷˤʼ ⁿt̺ʷˤʼ ᵑkʷˤʼ ᶰqʷˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪ʲʷˤʼ ⁿt̺ʲʷˤʼ ᵑkʲʷˤʼ/
/ⁿɗʷ ᵑɠʷ ᶰʛʷ/
/ⁿɗʲʷ ᵑɠʲʷ/
/ⁿɗʷˤ ᵑɠʷˤ ᶰʛʷˤ/
/ɗʲʷˤ ᵑɠʲʷˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ d̪͡z̪ t̺͡s̺ d̺͡z̺ t̪͡ʪ̪ d̪͡ʫ̪ t̺͡ʪ̺ d̺͡ʫ̺/
/t̪͡s̪ʲ d̪͡z̪ʲ t̺͡s̺ʲ d̺͡z̺ʲ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲ d̪͡ʫ̪ʲ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲ d̺͡ʫ̺ʲ/
/t̪͡s̪ˤ d̪͡z̪ˤ t̺͡s̺ˤ d̺͡z̺ˤ t̪͡ʪ̪ˤ d̪͡ʫ̪ˤ t̺͡ʪ̺ˤ d̺͡ʫ̺ˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲˤ d̪͡z̪ʲˤ t̺͡s̺ʲˤ d̺͡z̺ʲˤ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲˤ d̪͡ʫ̪ʲˤ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲˤ d̺͡ʫ̺ʲˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ʰ t̺͡s̺ʰ t̪͡ʪ̪ʰ t̺͡ʪ̺ʰ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʰ t̺͡s̺ʲʰ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʰ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʰ/
/t̪͡s̪ʼ t̺͡s̺ʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʼ t̺͡s̺ʲʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ˤʼ t̺͡s̺ˤʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ˤʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ˤʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲˤʼ t̺͡s̺ʲˤʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲˤʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲˤʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷ d̪͡z̪ʷ t̺͡s̺ʷ d̺͡z̺ʷ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷ d̪͡ʫ̪ʷ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷ d̺͡ʫ̺ʷ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷ d̪͡z̪ʲʷ t̺͡s̺ʲʷ d̺͡z̺ʲʷ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷ d̪͡ʫ̪ʲʷ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷ d̺͡ʫ̺ʲʷ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷˤ d̪͡z̪ʷˤ t̺͡s̺ʷˤ d̺͡z̺ʷˤ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷˤ d̪͡ʫ̪ʷˤ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷˤ d̺͡ʫ̺ʷˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷˤ d̪͡z̪ʲʷˤ t̺͡s̺ʲʷˤ d̺͡z̺ʲʷˤ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷˤ d̪͡ʫ̪ʲʷˤ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷˤ d̺͡ʫ̺ʲʷˤ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷʰ t̺͡s̺ʷʰ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷʰ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷʰ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷʰ t̺͡s̺ʲʷʰ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷʰ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷʰ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷʼ t̺͡s̺ʷʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷʼ t̺͡s̺ʲʷʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʷˤʼ t̺͡s̺ʷˤʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʷˤʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʷˤʼ/
/t̪͡s̪ʲʷˤʼ t̺͡s̺ʲʷˤʼ t̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷˤʼ t̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ ⁿd̪͡z̪ ⁿt̺͡s̺ ⁿd̺͡z̺ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʲ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʲ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʲ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʲ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ˤ ⁿd̪͡z̪ˤ ⁿt̺͡s̺ˤ ⁿd̺͡z̺ˤ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ˤ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ˤ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ˤ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ˤ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲˤ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʲˤ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲˤ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʲˤ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲˤ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʲˤ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲˤ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʲˤ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʰ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʰ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʰ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʰ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʰ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʰ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʰ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʰ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ˤʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ˤʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ˤʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲˤʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲˤʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲˤʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʷ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʷ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʷ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʷ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʲʷ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʲʷ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʲʷ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʲʷ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷˤ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʷˤ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷˤ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʷˤ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷˤ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʷˤ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷˤ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʷˤ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷˤ ⁿd̪͡z̪ʲʷˤ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷˤ ⁿd̺͡z̺ʲʷˤ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷˤ ⁿd̪͡ʫ̪ʲʷˤ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷˤ ⁿd̺͡ʫ̺ʲʷˤ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷʰ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷʰ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷʰ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷʰ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷʰ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷʰ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷʰ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷʰ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʷˤʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʷˤʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʷˤʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʷˤʼ/
/ⁿt̪͡s̪ʲʷˤʼ ⁿt̺͡s̺ʲʷˤʼ ⁿt̪͡ʪ̪ʲʷˤʼ ⁿt̺͡ʪ̺ʲʷˤʼ/
/s̪ z̪ s̺ z̺ ʪ̪ ʫ̪ ʪ̺ ʫ̺/
/s̪ʲ z̪ʲ s̺ʲ z̺ʲ ʪ̪ʲ ʫ̪ʲ ʪ̺ʲ ʫ̺ʲ/
/s̪ˤ z̪ˤ s̺ˤ z̺ˤ ʪ̪ˤ ʫ̪ˤ ʪ̺ˤ ʫ̺ˤ/
/s̪ʲˤ z̪ʲˤ s̺ʲˤ z̺ʲˤ ʪ̪ʲˤ ʫ̪ʲˤ ʪ̺ʲˤ ʫ̺ʲˤ/
/s̪ʷ z̪ʷ s̺ʷ z̺ʷ ʪ̪ʷ ʫ̪ʷ ʪ̺ʷ ʫ̺ʷ/
/s̪ʲʷ z̪ʲʷ s̺ʲʷ z̺ʲʷ ʪ̪ʲʷ ʫ̪ʲʷ ʪ̺ʲʷ ʫ̺ʲʷ/
/s̪ʷˤ z̪ʷˤ s̺ʷˤ z̺ʷˤ ʪ̪ʷˤ ʫ̪ʷˤ ʪ̺ʷˤ ʫ̺ʷˤ/
/s̪ʲʷˤ z̪ʲʷˤ s̺ʲʷˤ z̺ʲʷˤ ʪ̪ʲʷˤ ʫ̪ʲʷˤ ʪ̺ʲʷˤ ʫ̺ʲʷˤ/
/j w ʕ h/
/hʲ/
/jˤ hˤ/
/hʲˤ/
/ʕʷ hʷ/
/hʷˤ/
/hʲʷˤ/
/l̪ l̺/
/l̪ʲ l̺ʲ/
/l̪ˤ l̺ˤ/
/l̪ʲˤ l̺ʲˤ/
/l̪ʷ l̺ʷ/
/l̪ʲʷ l̺ʲʷ/
/l̪ʷˤ l̺ʷˤ/
/l̪ʲʷˤ l̺ʲʷˤ/
/r/
/ɑ˧ ɛ˧ e˧ i˧ ɯ˧ ɔ˧ œ˧ o˧ ø˧ u˧ y˧/
/ɑː˧ ɛː˧ eː˧ iː˧ ɯː˧ ɔː˧ œː˧ oː˧ øː˧ uː˧ yː˧/
/ɑ̃˧ ɛ̃˧ ẽ˧ ĩ˧ ɯ̃˧ ɔ̃˧ œ̃˧ õ˧ ø̃˧ ũ˧ ỹ˧/
/ɑ̃ː˧ ɛ̃ː˧ ẽː˧ ĩː˧ ɯ̃ː˧ ɔ̃ː˧ œ̃ː˧ õː˧ ø̃ː˧ ũː˧ ỹː˧/
/ɑ˧˩ ɛ˧˩ e˧˩ i˧˩ ɯ˧˩ ɔ˧˩ œ˧˩ o˧˩ ø˧˩ u˧˩ y˧˩/
/ɑː˧˩ ɛː˧˩ eː˧˩ iː˧˩ ɯː˧˩ ɔː˧˩ œː˧˩ oː˧˩ øː˧˩ uː˧˩ yː˧˩/
/ɑ̃˧˩ ɛ̃˧˩ ẽ˧˩ ĩ˧˩ ɯ̃˧˩ ɔ̃˧˩ œ̃˧˩ õ˧˩ ø̃˧˩ ũ˧˩ ỹ˧˩/
/ɑ̃ː˧˩ ɛ̃ː˧˩ ẽː˧˩ ĩː˧˩ ɯ̃ː˧˩ ɔ̃ː˧˩ œ̃ː˧˩ õː˧˩ ø̃ː˧˩ ũː˧˩ ỹː˧˩/
/ɑ˧˥ ɛ˧˥ e˧˥ i˧˥ ɯ˧˥ ɔ˧˥ œ˧˥ o˧˥ ø˧˥ u˧˥ y˧˥/
/ɑː˧˥ ɛː˧˥ eː˧˥ iː˧˥ ɯː˧˥ ɔː˧˥ œː˧˥ oː˧˥ øː˧˥ uː˧˥ yː˧˥/
/ɑ̃˧˥ ɛ̃˧˥ ẽ˧˥ ĩ˧˥ ɯ̃˧˥ ɔ̃˧˥ œ̃˧˥ õ˧˥ ø̃˧˥ ũ˧˥ ỹ˧˥/
/ɑ̃ː˧˥ ɛ̃ː˧˥ ẽː˧˥ ĩː˧˥ ɯ̃ː˧˥ ɔ̃ː˧˥ œ̃ː˧˥ õː˧˥ ø̃ː˧˥ ũː˧˥ ỹː˧˥/
/ɑ˧˩˧ ɛ˧˩˧ e˧˩˧ i˧˩˧ ɯ˧˩˧ ɔ˧˩˧ œ˧˩˧ o˧˩˧ ø˧˩˧ u˧˩˧ y˧˩˧/
/ɑː˧˩˧ ɛː˧˩˧ eː˧˩˧ iː˧˩˧ ɯː˧˩˧ ɔː˧˩˧ œː˧˩˧ oː˧˩˧ øː˧˩˧ uː˧˩˧ yː˧˩˧/
/ɑ̃˧˩˧ ɛ̃˧˩˧ ẽ˧˩˧ ĩ˧˩˧ ɯ̃˧˩˧ ɔ̃˧˩˧ œ̃˧˩˧ õ˧˩˧ ø̃˧˩˧ ũ˧˩˧ ỹ˧˩˧/
/ɑ̃ː˧˩˧ ɛ̃ː˧˩˧ ẽː˧˩˧ ĩː˧˩˧ ɯ̃ː˧˩˧ ɔ̃ː˧˩˧ œ̃ː˧˩˧ õː˧˩˧ ø̃ː˧˩˧ ũː˧˩˧ ỹː˧˩˧/
/ɑ˧˥˧ ɛ˧˥˧ e˧˥˧ i˧˥˧ ɯ˧˥˧ ɔ˧˥˧ œ˧˥˧ o˧˥˧ ø˧˥˧ u˧˥˧ y˧˥˧/
/ɑː˧˥˧ ɛː˧˥˧ eː˧˥˧ iː˧˥˧ ɯː˧˥˧ ɔː˧˥˧ œː˧˥˧ oː˧˥˧ øː˧˥˧ uː˧˥˧ yː˧˥˧/
/ɑ̃˧˥˧ ɛ̃˧˥˧ ẽ˧˥˧ ĩ˧˥˧ ɯ̃˧˥˧ ɔ̃˧˥˧ œ̃˧˥˧ õ˧˥˧ ø̃˧˥˧ ũ˧˥˧ ỹ˧˥˧/
/ɑ̃ː˧˥˧ ɛ̃ː˧˥˧ ẽː˧˥˧ ĩː˧˥˧ ɯ̃ː˧˥˧ ɔ̃ː˧˥˧ œ̃ː˧˥˧ õː˧˥˧ ø̃ː˧˥˧ ũː˧˥˧ ỹː˧˥˧/
/ɑ˩ˀ ɛ˩ˀ e˩ˀ i˩ˀ ɯ˩ˀ ɔ˩ˀ œ˩ˀ o˩ˀ ø˩ˀ u˩ˀ y˩ˀ/
/ɑː˩ˀ ɛː˩ˀ eː˩ˀ iː˩ˀ ɯː˩ˀ ɔː˩ˀ œː˩ˀ oː˩ˀ øː˩ˀ uː˩ˀ yː˩ˀ/
/ɑ̃˩ˀ ɛ̃˩ˀ ẽ˩ˀ ĩ˩ˀ ɯ̃˩ˀ ɔ̃˩ˀ œ̃˩ˀ õ˩ˀ ø̃˩ˀ ũ˩ˀ ỹ˩ˀ/
/ɑ̃ː˩ˀ ɛ̃ː˩ˀ ẽː˩ˀ ĩː˩ˀ ɯ̃ː˩ˀ ɔ̃ː˩ˀ œ̃ː˩ˀ õː˩ˀ ø̃ː˩ˀ ũː˩ˀ ỹː˩ˀ/
/ɑ˥ˀ ɛ˥ˀ e˥ˀ i˥ˀ ɯ˥ˀ ɔ˥ˀ œ˥ˀ o˥ˀ ø˥ˀ u˥ˀ y˥ˀ/
/ɑː˥ˀ ɛː˥ˀ eː˥ˀ iː˥ˀ ɯː˥ˀ ɔː˥ˀ œː˥ˀ oː˥ˀ øː˥ˀ uː˥ˀ yː˥ˀ/
/ɑ̃˥ˀ ɛ̃˥ˀ ẽ˥ˀ ĩ˥ˀ ɯ̃˥ˀ ɔ̃˥ˀ œ̃˥ˀ õ˥ˀ ø̃˥ˀ ũ˥ˀ ỹ˥ˀ/
/ɑ̃ː˥ˀ ɛ̃ː˥ˀ ẽː˥ˀ ĩː˥ˀ ɯ̃ː˥ˀ ɔ̃ː˥ˀ œ̃ː˥ˀ õː˥ˀ ø̃ː˥ˀ ũː˥ˀ ỹː˥ˀ/
/ɑ˧˩˧ˀ ɛ˧˩˧ˀ e˧˩˧ˀ i˧˩˧ˀ ɯ˧˩˧ˀ ɔ˧˩˧ˀ œ˧˩˧ˀ o˧˩˧ˀ ø˧˩˧ˀ u˧˩˧ˀ y˧˩˧ˀ/
/ɑː˧˩˧ˀ ɛː˧˩˧ˀ eː˧˩˧ˀ iː˧˩˧ˀ ɯː˧˩˧ˀ ɔː˧˩˧ˀ œː˧˩˧ˀ oː˧˩˧ˀ øː˧˩˧ˀ uː˧˩˧ˀ yː˧˩˧ˀ/
/ɑ̃˧˩˧ˀ ɛ̃˧˩˧ˀ ẽ˧˩˧ˀ ĩ˧˩˧ˀ ɯ̃˧˩˧ˀ ɔ̃˧˩˧ˀ œ̃˧˩˧ˀ õ˧˩˧ˀ ø̃˧˩˧ˀ ũ˧˩˧ˀ ỹ˧˩˧ˀ/
/ɑ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ ɛ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ ẽː˧˩˧ˀ ĩː˧˩˧ˀ ɯ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ ɔ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ œ̃ː˧˩˧ˀ õː˧˩˧ˀ ø̃ː˧˩˧ˀ ũː˧˩˧ˀ ỹː˧˩˧ˀ/
/ɑ˧˥˧ˀ ɛ˧˥˧ˀ e˧˥˧ˀ i˧˥˧ˀ ɯ˧˥˧ˀ ɔ˧˥˧ˀ œ˧˥˧ˀ o˧˥˧ˀ ø˧˥˧ˀ u˧˥˧ˀ y˧˥˧ˀ/
/ɑː˧˥˧ˀ ɛː˧˥˧ˀ eː˧˥˧ˀ iː˧˥˧ˀ ɯː˧˥˧ˀ ɔː˧˥˧ˀ œː˧˥˧ˀ oː˧˥˧ˀ øː˧˥˧ˀ uː˧˥˧ˀ yː˧˥˧ˀ/
/ɑ̃˧˥˧ˀ ɛ̃˧˥˧ˀ ẽ˧˥˧ˀ ĩ˧˥˧ˀ ɯ̃˧˥˧ˀ ɔ̃˧˥˧ˀ œ̃˧˥˧ˀ õ˧˥˧ˀ ø̃˧˥˧ˀ ũ˧˥˧ˀ ỹ˧˥˧ˀ/
/ɑ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ ɛ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ ẽː˧˥˧ˀ ĩː˧˥˧ˀ ɯ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ ɔ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ œ̃ː˧˥˧ˀ õː˧˥˧ˀ ø̃ː˧˥˧ˀ ũː˧˥˧ˀ ỹː˧˥˧ˀ/
- DesEsseintes
- mongolian
- Posts: 4331
- Joined: 31 Mar 2013 13:16
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Now turn this into a strictly monosyllabic language with tons of inflectional and derivational morphology, none of which allows a word to grow beyond a monosyllable.
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
That could be interesting, but maybe something like a consonant root system could be even wackier... maybe combined with inflectional affixes, and epenthetic schwas added to break up clusters that would involve consonants with different places of articulation. Hmm.DesEsseintes wrote: ↑29 Oct 2020 05:28Now turn this into a strictly monosyllabic language with tons of inflectional and derivational morphology, none of which allows a word to grow beyond a monosyllable.
Something like this, maybe:
Spoiler:
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
I, now, suffer from an eyeball twitch.
𖥑𖧨𖣫𖦺𖣦𖢋𖤼𖥃𖣔𖣋𖢅𖡹𖡨𖡶𖡦𖡧𖡚𖠨
- eldin raigmore
- korean
- Posts: 6354
- Joined: 14 Aug 2010 19:38
- Location: SouthEast Michigan
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Thinking it has to do with Vlurch’s last two posts here?
My minicity is http://gonabebig1day.myminicity.com/xml
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
I was NOT going to "quote" that thing, sifting through the deletion process of that menagerie, otherwise, that would have been way more clear.
Much love, Vlürch. It's all for comedic effect.
𖥑𖧨𖣫𖦺𖣦𖢋𖤼𖥃𖣔𖣋𖢅𖡹𖡨𖡶𖡦𖡧𖡚𖠨
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Well, now I have to make it even worse... While making it worse, I realised I'd messed up some of the regularity of the phonemes when I first posted it, but eh, I can't be arsed to fix them in that post.
Spoiler:
Prelateralised stops apparently may actually exist in at least one or two natlangs (Zanskar Kenhat and maybe Iwaidja, neither of which I'd heard of before, but in the case of the latter it seems it's uncertain if it's actually that), so... ANAD- well, not worse, but in a consonant inventory already as ridiculous as this it wouldn't seem out of place. The lack of voiced aspirated stops (and implosive affricates) is intentional, it'd just feel too kitchen sinky. Not that this isn't already way past the line of kitchen sinky, but well.
Anyway, here's another random phonology, also a bit kitchen sinky but not nearly as much:
/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/mˀ nˀ ŋˀ/ <mʻ nʻ ngʻ>
/p b t k q ʔ/ <p b t k q ʻ>
/pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ/ <pʻ tʻ kʻ qʻ>
/t͡s t͡ʃ/ <c ch>
/t͡sʼ t͡ʃʼ/ <cʻ chʻ>
/s ʃ/ <s sh>
/j w x ɣ χ/ <y w kh g h>
/jˀ wˀ/ <yʻ wʻ>
/r ʀ/ <r gh>
/l ɬ ɮ/ <l lh z>
/lˀ/ <lʻ>
/t͡ɬ/ <j>
/t͡ɬʼ/ <jʻ>
/ɑ ɐ ɛ e i ɔ o u/ <a ạ e ẹ i o ọ u>
/ɑː ɐː ɛː eː iː ɔː oː uː/ <ā ạ̄ ē ẹ̄ ī ō ọ̄ ū>
I guess there'd be two harmonic groups in the non-high vowels (high vowels being neutral), and velar and uvular consonants:
/ɐ e o/ with /k kʼ ɣ/
/ɑ ɛ ɔ/ with /q qʼ ʀ/
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Dear God. I think one of the seals of Revelation has been opened. You have put the Northwest Caucasian protolanguage to shame...by a WIIIIIDE margin.
𖥑𖧨𖣫𖦺𖣦𖢋𖤼𖥃𖣔𖣋𖢅𖡹𖡨𖡶𖡦𖡧𖡚𖠨
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Hmm... Okay, I think now it's done and couldn't be made any worse without going way too far. The order of some consonants was also inconsistent in the last version, and probably still is, but ehhhh:
Spoiler:
Another ridiculous phonology:
/m n ŋ/ <m n gn>
/p t ʔ/ <p t k>
/ɓ ɗ ʛ/ <b d g>
/s z/ <s z>
/f j ʍ w x/ <f y wh w h>
/ᵐp͡ʙ̝̊ ᵐb͡ʙ/ <prr brr>
/p͡ʙ̝̊͜r̝̊ b͡ʙ͜r/ <prrr brrr>
/ʙ̝̊ ʙ r̼ r/ <pr br fr r>
/ɬ ɮ/ <l j>
/ɒ æ i ʀ̩ʷ u/ <a e i o u>
All vowels are pronounced long in open syllables and are nasalised before nasal consonants. /ɒ i ʀ̩ʷ u/ are [ɔ ɪ ʁ̩ʷ ʊ] in closed syllables.
/r̼/ is devoiced following voiceless consonants.
/s z j/ are [ʃ ʒ ç] in coda.
baprram lokwhe baybre ipfru brrogogn elprrris [ɓɒ̃ːᵐp͡ʙ̝̊ɔ̃m ɬʁ̩ʔʍæː ɓɔçʙæː ɪpr̼̊uː ᵐb͡ʙʀ̩ʷːʛʁ̩̃ŋ æɬp͡ʙ̝̊͜r̝̊ɪʃ]
Why are phonologies that sound like a fight between diarrhoea and constipation what I'm spending my limited time on this Earth on?
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Don't know. (Because I keep probing you, seeking out what more cheeky shit you'll spew forth. A whole lot, it seems. Now, wipe your...eyes, and don't be bummed, yours is NOT a wasted life. But...it was a gas and I'm left aflush with good feelings.)
Last edited by DV82LECM on 01 Nov 2020 17:55, edited 2 times in total.
𖥑𖧨𖣫𖦺𖣦𖢋𖤼𖥃𖣔𖣋𖢅𖡹𖡨𖡶𖡦𖡧𖡚𖠨
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Classical Kan/Proto-Khanic:
/p pʰ t tʰ t͡s t͡sʰ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ c͡ç c͡çʰ k kʰ/
/m n ɲ ŋ/
/ɸ θ s ʃ ç x h/
/l/
/w ɹ j/
/ i u e o ɛ ɔ a/
/ei oi əi ɛi ɔi ai/
/eu ou əu ɛu ɔu au/
/iɐ uɐ eɐ oɐ /
˥ ˧ ˩ ˥˩ ˩˥
(C)(l/w/ɹ/j)V(p/t/k/m/n/ɲ/ŋ/ɹ)
/p pʰ t tʰ t͡s t͡sʰ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ c͡ç c͡çʰ k kʰ/
/m n ɲ ŋ/
/ɸ θ s ʃ ç x h/
/l/
/w ɹ j/
/ i u e o ɛ ɔ a/
/ei oi əi ɛi ɔi ai/
/eu ou əu ɛu ɔu au/
/iɐ uɐ eɐ oɐ /
˥ ˧ ˩ ˥˩ ˩˥
(C)(l/w/ɹ/j)V(p/t/k/m/n/ɲ/ŋ/ɹ)
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Redo of above:
/p pʰ b t tʰ d t͡s t͡sʰ d͡z t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ d͡ʒ c͡ç c͡çʰ k kʰ kʷ kʷʰ/
/m n ɲ ŋ/
/ɸ θ s ʃ ç x xʷ h/
/l ʎ/
/w ɹ j/
/ i ɨ ʉ u e o ɛ ɔ a/
/ei oi əi ɛi ɔi ai/
/eɨ oɨ ɛɨ ɔɨ aɨ/
/eʉ oʉ əʉ ɛʉ ɔʉ aʉ/
/eu ou əu ɛu ɔu au/
/iɐ uɐ eɐ oɐ /
˥ ˧ ˩
(C)(l/w/ɹ/j)V(p/t/k/m/n/ɲ/ŋ/ɹ/l)
/p pʰ b t tʰ d t͡s t͡sʰ d͡z t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ d͡ʒ c͡ç c͡çʰ k kʰ kʷ kʷʰ/
/m n ɲ ŋ/
/ɸ θ s ʃ ç x xʷ h/
/l ʎ/
/w ɹ j/
/ i ɨ ʉ u e o ɛ ɔ a/
/ei oi əi ɛi ɔi ai/
/eɨ oɨ ɛɨ ɔɨ aɨ/
/eʉ oʉ əʉ ɛʉ ɔʉ aʉ/
/eu ou əu ɛu ɔu au/
/iɐ uɐ eɐ oɐ /
˥ ˧ ˩
(C)(l/w/ɹ/j)V(p/t/k/m/n/ɲ/ŋ/ɹ/l)
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
-JRR Tolkien
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
Yet another "Standard Average European except it has a few quirks so that it can pretend not to be Standard Average European" phonology:
/m n/ <m n-nd>
/p t k/ <b d g>
/pʰ tʰ kʰ/ <p t k>
/s ʃ/ <s x>
/ʋ j ɦ/ <v j h>
/r l/ <r l>
/ɑ ɛ e i ɨ ɔ o u/ <a e ie i y o uo u>
/ɑ̆ ɛ̆ ĕ ĭ ɨ̆ ɔ̆ ŏ ŭ/ <à è iè ì ỳ ò uò ù>
/ɑ̃ ɛ̃ ẽ ĩ ɨ̃ ɔ̃ õ ũ/ <an en ien in yn on uon un>
/p t k/ are [b~β d~ɾ̞ g~ɣ] intervocalically and after voiced consonants.
/pʰ tʰ kʰ/ are [p̞~ɸ t̞~ɹ̝̊ k̞~x] intervocalically.
/k kʰ/ are velar before front vowels, uvular before back vowels.
/ɑ̃ ɛ̃ ẽ ĩ ɨ̃ ɔ̃ õ ũ/ are [ɑ̃ æ̃ ɛ̃ ɘ̝̃ ə̃ ɞ̞̃ ɔ̃ õ̝]
/ɑ̆ ɛ̆ ĕ ĭ ɨ̆ ɔ̆ ŏ ŭ/ are [ˠɐ̆ ɐ̆ ʲə̆ ʲɪ̆ ə̆ ɞ̆ ˠɞ̆ ʊ̆], but the ones that cause palatalisation or velarisation can be dropped entirely before /s ʃ r l/ and only leave the effect on the preceding consonant.
Stress can fall on any syllable and is contrastive. /ɑ̆ ɛ̆ ĕ ĭ ɔ̆ ŏ ŭ/ can't be stressed. Stressed vowels are long, but there's no quality difference. If on the last syllable, it's unmarked while elsewhere it's marked with an acute accent. Monosyllabic words can be either stressed on unstressed, like I guess in general adpositions would be unstressed while content words would be stressed.
Just a gibberish example:
Pántarien tòpise anuónaxbỳ gand xejdoguon sìrga miénnyngen dar si havýko màs.
[pʰɑ̃ːt̞ɑɾʲɛ̃ tˠɞ̆p̞ʲisɛː ɑnoːnɑʃpə̆ qɑn ʃɛjɾ̞ɔʁɔ̃ː sʲr̩ɢɑː mʲɛ̃ːnə̃ɣæ̃ tɑːr sʲi ɦɑʋɨːq̞ɔ mˠs̩]
If all the Indo-Iranian languages got drunk and possibly hit their head on a Slavic language:
/m n ɳ/ <m n ṇ>
/nʲ/ <ň>
/p b t̪ d̪ ʈ ɖ k g/ <p b t d ṭ ḍ k g>
/pʲ bʲ tʲ dʲ kʲ gʲ/ <p̌ b̌ ť ď ǩ ǧ>
/t̪ʰ d̪ʱ ʈʰ ɖʱ kʰ gʱ/ <ph bh th dh ṭh ḍh kh gh>
/tʲʰ dʲʱ kʲʰ gʲʱ/ <ťh ďh ǩh ǧh>
/t̪͡s̪ t͡s t͡ʃ d͡ʒ ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ/ <c c̣ č ǰ č̣ ǰ̣>
/t̪͡s̪ʰ t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ d͡ʒʱ ʈ͡ʂʰ ɖ͡ʐʱ/ <ch c̣h čh ǰh č̣h ǰ̣h>
/s̪ z̪ s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ/ <s z ṣ ẓ š ž ṣ̌ ẓ̌>
/ʋ j h/ <v y h>
/ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ l̪ l ɭ/ <r ṛ ṛ̌ l ḷ ḷ̌>
/ɾʲ lʲ/ <ř ľ>
/æ ə ɨ ɔ ʊ/ <a e i o u>
/ɔː ɛː iː uː ʉː/ <ā ē ī ō ū>
Gibberish again:
amūlōḷ̌ḍhe řābiṣaǩaň oṛ̌ovī pichoṣc̣
[æmʉːl̪uːɭɖʱə ɾʲɔːbɨsækʲænʲ ɔɽɔʋiː pɨt̪͡s̪ʰɔst͡s]
/m n/ <m n-nd>
/p t k/ <b d g>
/pʰ tʰ kʰ/ <p t k>
/s ʃ/ <s x>
/ʋ j ɦ/ <v j h>
/r l/ <r l>
/ɑ ɛ e i ɨ ɔ o u/ <a e ie i y o uo u>
/ɑ̆ ɛ̆ ĕ ĭ ɨ̆ ɔ̆ ŏ ŭ/ <à è iè ì ỳ ò uò ù>
/ɑ̃ ɛ̃ ẽ ĩ ɨ̃ ɔ̃ õ ũ/ <an en ien in yn on uon un>
/p t k/ are [b~β d~ɾ̞ g~ɣ] intervocalically and after voiced consonants.
/pʰ tʰ kʰ/ are [p̞~ɸ t̞~ɹ̝̊ k̞~x] intervocalically.
/k kʰ/ are velar before front vowels, uvular before back vowels.
/ɑ̃ ɛ̃ ẽ ĩ ɨ̃ ɔ̃ õ ũ/ are [ɑ̃ æ̃ ɛ̃ ɘ̝̃ ə̃ ɞ̞̃ ɔ̃ õ̝]
/ɑ̆ ɛ̆ ĕ ĭ ɨ̆ ɔ̆ ŏ ŭ/ are [ˠɐ̆ ɐ̆ ʲə̆ ʲɪ̆ ə̆ ɞ̆ ˠɞ̆ ʊ̆], but the ones that cause palatalisation or velarisation can be dropped entirely before /s ʃ r l/ and only leave the effect on the preceding consonant.
Stress can fall on any syllable and is contrastive. /ɑ̆ ɛ̆ ĕ ĭ ɔ̆ ŏ ŭ/ can't be stressed. Stressed vowels are long, but there's no quality difference. If on the last syllable, it's unmarked while elsewhere it's marked with an acute accent. Monosyllabic words can be either stressed on unstressed, like I guess in general adpositions would be unstressed while content words would be stressed.
Just a gibberish example:
Pántarien tòpise anuónaxbỳ gand xejdoguon sìrga miénnyngen dar si havýko màs.
[pʰɑ̃ːt̞ɑɾʲɛ̃ tˠɞ̆p̞ʲisɛː ɑnoːnɑʃpə̆ qɑn ʃɛjɾ̞ɔʁɔ̃ː sʲr̩ɢɑː mʲɛ̃ːnə̃ɣæ̃ tɑːr sʲi ɦɑʋɨːq̞ɔ mˠs̩]
If all the Indo-Iranian languages got drunk and possibly hit their head on a Slavic language:
/m n ɳ/ <m n ṇ>
/nʲ/ <ň>
/p b t̪ d̪ ʈ ɖ k g/ <p b t d ṭ ḍ k g>
/pʲ bʲ tʲ dʲ kʲ gʲ/ <p̌ b̌ ť ď ǩ ǧ>
/t̪ʰ d̪ʱ ʈʰ ɖʱ kʰ gʱ/ <ph bh th dh ṭh ḍh kh gh>
/tʲʰ dʲʱ kʲʰ gʲʱ/ <ťh ďh ǩh ǧh>
/t̪͡s̪ t͡s t͡ʃ d͡ʒ ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ/ <c c̣ č ǰ č̣ ǰ̣>
/t̪͡s̪ʰ t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ d͡ʒʱ ʈ͡ʂʰ ɖ͡ʐʱ/ <ch c̣h čh ǰh č̣h ǰ̣h>
/s̪ z̪ s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ/ <s z ṣ ẓ š ž ṣ̌ ẓ̌>
/ʋ j h/ <v y h>
/ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ l̪ l ɭ/ <r ṛ ṛ̌ l ḷ ḷ̌>
/ɾʲ lʲ/ <ř ľ>
/æ ə ɨ ɔ ʊ/ <a e i o u>
/ɔː ɛː iː uː ʉː/ <ā ē ī ō ū>
Gibberish again:
amūlōḷ̌ḍhe řābiṣaǩaň oṛ̌ovī pichoṣc̣
[æmʉːl̪uːɭɖʱə ɾʲɔːbɨsækʲænʲ ɔɽɔʋiː pɨt̪͡s̪ʰɔst͡s]
- DesEsseintes
- mongolian
- Posts: 4331
- Joined: 31 Mar 2013 13:16
Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread
This is almost exactly the kind of vowel system I like to use at the moment.
In fact, why don’t I just post what I’m working with for a wildly divergent Híí dialect at the moment:
Hɨɨ
b t k g ’
f h
r y w
a e i ɨ ʉ u o ɔ
’ y represent /ʔ j/; otherwise the romo largely coincides with the ipa values (the rhotic is probably a tap though).
Hɨɨ acquired all these vowel qualities by decimating coda /j r l w/, acquiring a largely CV syllable structure in the process.