Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

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Omzinesý
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Omzinesý »

A Tolkien-ish phoneme inventory

p t c k
b d ɟ g
f s ɕ
m n ɲ
l r
ʋ j

(y) i u
e o~ɔ
ɛ
ä

- Voiced stops only appear after nasals or liquids.
- /y/ appears in some dialects and is merged with /i/ in the others.
- Penultimate phonetic stress
- Maximal syllable CCVC
-- Only allowed codas: {n, l, r}
-- Only allowed onset clusters: {p, t, c, k, b, d, ɟ, g , f, s, ɕ} + {l, r}
Last edited by Omzinesý on 06 Sep 2021 22:29, edited 1 time in total.
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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Vlürch
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Vlürch »

Something meant to sound ugly and cute at the same time, which is basically the default recipe I have for conlangs so eh.

/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/p b t d k q (ʔ)/ <p b t d k q Ø>
/pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ/ <ph th kh qh>
/s/ <s>
/j w ɣ~ʁ h/ <y w g h>
/ɾ l/ <r l>

/ɑ ɒ ə ə̹ ɚ ɚ̹ i u/ <a o e ö er ör i u>
/ɑː ɒː ə ə̹ ɚː ɚ̹ː iː uː/ <aa oo ee öö eer öör ii uu>

/ʔ/ only occurs in "vowel-initial" syllables.

All syllables are CV(C), with only /N Q L/ allowed in coda; a homorganic nasal (with nasalisation of the preceding consonant), gemination or a liquid that follows liquid harmony. /b d ʔ j w ɣ h/ do not occur geminated. Geminate /ɾ/ is [rr] and distinguished orthographically from /ɚɾ ɚ̹ɾ/ by being written as <rr> while /ɚɾ ɚ̹ɾ/ are written <er'r ör'r>, and the geminate liquids don't occur after rhotic vowels.

/pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ/ can be [p͡ɸ t̪͡θ k͡x q͡χ], [p͡ɸʰ t̪͡θʰ k͡xʰ q͡χʰ], [p͡ɸʰx t̪͡θʰx k͡xʰx q͡χʰx], [p͡ɸʰh͡x t̪͡θʰh͡x k͡xʰh͡x q͡χʰh͡x] or even [ʰp͡ɸʰh͡x ʰt̪͡θʰh͡x ʰk͡xʰh͡x ʰq͡χʰh͡x].
/ɾ l/ are [ɻ ɭ] after /ɚ ɚ̹/.

There used to be /*ɣ/ and /*ʁ/ as separate phonemes, but they've merged and are now in free variation but [ɣ] is more common before /ə ə̹ i u/ and [ʁ] before /ɑ ɒ ɚ ɚ̹/.

There's vowel harmony between /ɑ ə ɚ/ and /ɒ ə̹ ɚ̹/, but /i u/ are neutral. There's also limited rhotic vowel harmony, with /ɚ/ and /ɚ̹/ being in complementary distribution in suffixes depending on whether the last vowel in the word is rhotic or not.

There's liquid harmony, with only /ɾ/ or /l/ allowed in a word and being in complementary distribution in suffixes.

Gibberish example:
Möömör'rör khuuobiironngoguu aqhaernqai yulolö.
[mə̹ːmɚ̹ɻɚ̹ k͡xʰuːʔɒbʲiːɾɒ̃ŋŋɒɣuː ʔɑq͡χʰɑʔɚ̃ɴqɑʔʲi julɒlə̹]
Frislander wrote: 03 Sep 2021 15:10...
Seems like something that'd be a pretty unique language.
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DesEsseintes
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by DesEsseintes »

I’m currently reviving an old conlang of mine called Dirimbyééru for the upcoming relay, so I wanted to quickly post the tweaked inventory I’m working with:

Code: Select all

    n       ŋ 
    t       k   ʔ 
b   d       g    
    r   j   w   h
u   e   i   a
/ŋ ʔ j/ are written ng ’ y

It’s surprisingly faithful to what I came up with all these years ago, but there are some minor changes:
- /m/ got deleted for /ŋ/ (see below for its allophonic reappearance though)
- I decided on /a/ rather than /o/
- There is now a glottal stop

/n r/ can be syllabic, either before an identical onset on the following syllable, or between two consonants, or between word initial position and another consonant. These two consonants can also occur geminate in coda position. Syllabic and geminate /n r/ are both written doubled nn rr; context should always suffice to distinguish between the two.

Syllable structure is maximally CGVC where G is any of /n r j w/ and permissible codas are /n nː ŋ ʔ r rː/. Word-finally the set of permissible codas is slightly different: /n ŋ t k r/

/n/ assimilates to the PoA of a following consonant. This means [m] before /b/, written m. This also applies to syllabic /n/, written mm before /b/. /ŋ/ does not assimilate before other consonants, but the distinction between the two nasals is lost before velars.

Morphophonological processes include:
- i e → e a / _C[+velar] ! does not affect long vowels
- e → u / _b
- k → ’ / _C[+stop]

Some words:

enngidááwa
wágrrgá’ryarte
erénggrrte
eyúúru
iryárru
krínggidrru
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Omzinesý
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Omzinesý »

DesEsseintes wrote: 06 Sep 2021 20:10 /n r/ can be syllabic, either before an identical onset on the following syllable, or between two consonants, or between word initial position and another consonant. These two consonants can also occur geminate in coda position. Syllabic and geminate /n r/ are both written doubled nn rr; context should always suffice to distinguish between the two.
So, a syllable with a syllabic /n/ or /r/ as its nucleus cannot have a coda?
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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DesEsseintes
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by DesEsseintes »

Omzinesý wrote: 06 Sep 2021 22:28
DesEsseintes wrote: 06 Sep 2021 20:10 /n r/ can be syllabic, either before an identical onset on the following syllable, or between two consonants, or between word initial position and another consonant. These two consonants can also occur geminate in coda position. Syllabic and geminate /n r/ are both written doubled nn rr; context should always suffice to distinguish between the two.
So, a syllable with a syllabic /n/ or /r/ as its nucleus cannot have a coda?
That is indeed correct, though I hadn’t thought of it that way!
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eldin raigmore
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by eldin raigmore »

“With overwhelmingly greater-than-chance frequency”, consonantal syllables tend to be at most two consonants long.
Neither their onsets nor their nuclei nor their codas tend to be clusters.
And they tend to be either open (ie codaless) or onsetless.

Of course that’s about languages-in-general that happen to have consonantal syllables.
Your conlang’s mileage may vary.
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Flavia »

/a e o/ /ae̯ ao̯/ /e̯a o̯a/ a e o ae ao ea oa
/p t c k kʷ/ /b d ɟ g gʷ/ p t cj~c c qu b d dj~g g gu
/f s ɕ h hʷ/ f s ş h hu
/m n ɲ/ m n ñ
/r l ʋ j/ r l v i
(C)(C)V(N). Coda nasal must be homoörganic with the following obstruent, and onset CC clusters must be [obstruent] + [r, l].
/k g/ contrast with /c ɟ/ only before /a o ae̯ ao̯ o̯a/; before /e e̯a/ only /c ɟ/ appear, written c g. In compounds, rarily hiatus appear, which are written aë aö ëa öa. Same-vowel hiatus are contracted.
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Omzinesý »

A new derivation from Kahichali phoneme inventory.

p t k
s ʃ ç x (ʍ)
m n
l r j (w)

- I'm not sure if the labiovelars should be included.

y i u
ɛ ɑ
Vowels can be nasalized and have some tones.

Syllable structure:
(C)(C)V

The allowed consonant clusters are:
plosive + fricative/liquid
{p t k} + {s ʃ ç x (ʍ) l r}
Phonetically, there are thus affricates and velar/palatal 'aspiration'.
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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Omzinesý
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Omzinesý »

Titus Flavius wrote: 11 Sep 2021 18:07 /a e o/ /ae̯ ao̯/ /e̯a o̯a/ a e o ae ao ea oa
/p t c k kʷ/ /b d ɟ g gʷ/ p t cj~c c qu b d dj~g g gu
/f s ɕ h hʷ/ f s ş h hu
/m n ɲ/ m n ñ
/r l ʋ j/ r l v i
(C)(C)V(N). Coda nasal must be homoörganic with the following obstruent, and onset CC clusters must be [obstruent] + [r, l].
/k g/ contrast with /c ɟ/ only before /a o ae̯ ao̯ o̯a/; before /e e̯a/ only /c ɟ/ appear, written c g. In compounds, rarily hiatus appear, which are written aë aö ëa öa. Same-vowel hiatus are contracted.
Some reason for not having high vowels?
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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Flavia
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Flavia »

No. [:)]
Last edited by Flavia on 11 Sep 2021 22:51, edited 2 times in total.
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by DV82LECM »

Omzinesý wrote: 11 Sep 2021 18:23
Titus Flavius wrote: 11 Sep 2021 18:07 /a e o/ /ae̯ ao̯/ /e̯a o̯a/ a e o ae ao ea oa
/p t c k kʷ/ /b d ɟ g gʷ/ p t cj~c c qu b d dj~g g gu
/f s ɕ h hʷ/ f s ş h hu
/m n ɲ/ m n ñ
/r l ʋ j/ r l v i
(C)(C)V(N). Coda nasal must be homoörganic with the following obstruent, and onset CC clusters must be [obstruent] + [r, l].
/k g/ contrast with /c ɟ/ only before /a o ae̯ ao̯ o̯a/; before /e e̯a/ only /c ɟ/ appear, written c g. In compounds, rarily hiatus appear, which are written aë aö ëa öa. Same-vowel hiatus are contracted.
Some reason for not having high vowels?
Well, by the phonemes and orthography, I would wager that consonant+/i u/ "clusters" fully merged into the labialized and palatal consonants.
𖥑𖧨𖣫𖦺𖣦𖢋𖤼𖥃𖣔𖣋𖢅𖡹𖡨𖡶𖡦𖡧𖡚𖠨
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Omzinesý »

p t c k ʔ
b
ɸ ɬ s h
l j ɰ w
l̰ j̰ ɰ̰ w̰
m n
m̰ n̰

- /b/ is lenited to [β] intervocally.
- /c/ realizes as [t͡ɕ] before vowels, but in the coda, there is distinction between /c/ [c] and /cs/ [t͡ɕ].
- /b/,when lenited, and /w/ merger before rounded vowels.
- Approximants could have voiceless variants in some tonal context.
- Nasals nasalize the preceding vowel. Before fricatives, especially, the nasal consonant is very waek, but phonemically, I still analyse that there are no nasal vowels but nasal consonants.


i ɨ u
æ ɑ ɒ
- Length and probably tone.

(C)V(C)(C)

Allowed coda clusters:
- two stops
- stop + fricative
- fricative + stop
- two nasals
- nasal + stop
- nasal + fricative
- /l/ + stop
- /l/ + fricative
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by VaptuantaDoi »

A couple of phonologies I've been "working" on the past few days

Australian on crack (probably gonna be a protolang for me to work with big inventories for once)
/d ɖ ɟ ɡ ɡʷ ɢ ɢʷ/ dh d dy g gw rg rgw
/n͡t ɳ͡ʈ ɲ͡c ŋ͡k ŋ͡kʷ ɴ͡q ɴ͡qʷ/ nth nt nty ngk ngkw rnk rnkw
/n͡d ɳ͡ɖ ɲ͡ɟ ŋ͡ɡ ŋ͡ɡʷ ɴ͡ɢ ɴ͡ɢʷ/ ndh nd ndy ngg nggw rng rngw
/d͡l ɖ͡ɭ ɟ͡ʎ ɡ͡ʟ/ dlh dl dly gl
/d͡n ɖ͡ɳ ɟ͡ɲ ɡ͡ŋ/ dnh dn dny gng
/l ɭ/ lh l
/n ɳ ɲ ŋ ŋʷ ɴ ɴʷ/ nh n ny ng ngw rn rnw
/ɾ ɻ j ɰ w ʁ ʁʷ/ rh r y gh ghw rgh rghw

/i ɑ/ i a
Spoiler:

Code: Select all

/d/  /ɖ/  /ɟ/  /ɡ/  /ɡʷ/ /ɢ/  /ɢʷ/
/nt/ /ɳʈ/ /ɲc/ /ŋk/ /ŋkʷ//ɴq/ /ɴqʷ/
/nd/ /ɳɖ/ /ɲɟ/ /ŋɡ/ /ŋɡʷ//ɴɢ/ /ɴɢʷ/
/dl/ /ɖɭ/ /ɟʎ/ /ɡʟ/
/dn/ /ɖɳ/ /ɟɲ/ /ɡŋ/
/l/  /ɭ/
/n/  /ɳ/  /ɲ/  /ŋ/  /ŋʷ/ /ɴ/  /ɴʷ/

/i/
     /ɑ/
All syllables are CV with obligatory onset, but /ji ʁɑ/ → [i ɑ] and /ɑji/ → [ɑi̯~ɛ]; all inflected words are an odd number of syllables. Word-initially only approximants /ɾ ɻ j ɰ w ʁ ʁʷ/ or consonants with an initial stop element /d ɖ ɟ ɡ ɡʷ ɢ ɢʷ d͡l ɖ͡ɭ ɟ͡ʎ ɡ͡ʟ d͡n ɖ͡ɳ ɟ͡ɲ ɡ͡ŋ/ occur. Probably gonna be palatal-dental harmony (i.e. a word can't have both palatal and dental consonants).
Upside down language
/p b d ɟ q/ p b d gy q
/n/ n
/ɹ ʎ/ r l
/ɥ ʍ/ y f
/s z x/ s z h

/ɯ u ə o ʌ ɔ ɐ/ i u ẽ ó e o a
(/ɯ u o ʌ ɔ/ → [u y ø ɛ œ] when following a dental or palatal consonant)
Spoiler:
Proto-lang for this
/p b t̪ d̻ k/
/n̪/
/ɹ̪ l̻ l̻ʷ ɣ ɣʷ/
/s̪ z̻/

/i u e ə o a ɑ/

/pʲ pˠ tʲ k/
/bʲ bˠ dʲ ɡ/
/mʲ mˠ/
/ɸʲ ɸˠ ɕ x/
/βʲ~ɥ βˠ~w ʑ~j ɣ~ɰ/

/ə/ [i~ə]
/ɐ/ [a~ɤ]

This one i've actually got a name for – Otlomɛkpo

/t t͡ɬ kʰ k͡pʰ/
/k’/
/m z ɣ ŋ͡m/

/i e o ɛ ɑ/

I hope to do something concrete with at least one of these
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by DV82LECM »

1st or 3rd.

The Austronesian one is so pleasing.
𖥑𖧨𖣫𖦺𖣦𖢋𖤼𖥃𖣔𖣋𖢅𖡹𖡨𖡶𖡦𖡧𖡚𖠨
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Omzinesý »

Probably something I have done before.

p t k͡p k <p t kp k>
ɓ ɗ ɠ͡ɓ ɠ <bd dd gb gg>
β ɹ w ɣ <b r w g>
ⁿb ⁿd ⁿg͡b ⁿg <nb nd ngb ngg>
m n ŋ͡m ŋ <m n mg ng>
s x <s h>
l ʟ <l ll>

Nouns: VCV
Verbs: CV
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Flavia »

/m n/
/t k s/
/ɹ w/
/a e i o/
C(R)V(V)(N)
R=ɹw
N=mnɹw

It can be written with romanization, as IPA except /ɹ/ <r>, or in its conscript that can be written using Unicode characters:
m n - ɔ c
t k s - ɛ ɵ ç
r w - є э
null - o
a e i o (shown with null) - oı ıo ȷo oȷ

Example random words:
swon - çэȷc
rew - ıєэ
sem - ıçɔ
krem - ɵıєɔ
kwaw - ɵıээ
tweow - ɛıэoȷэ
mram - ɔєıɔ
troam - ɛєȷoıɔ
wor - эȷє
twar - ɛэıє
kriaw - ɵȷєoıэ
wrow - эєȷэ
Its name is mrao ɔєıoȷ /mɹao/
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Acipencer »

I had this Idea in the shower and knew I had to write it down.

Consonants
/t k q/
/m n/
/ts~s ɣ~ʁ/
/r j/

Vowels
/a e i o u/

Diphthongs
/ia ua/

Phonotactics
(C)V(r, t, k, q)
The only allowed consonant clusters are: /rn/ /rm/ /rs/ /rj/ /rʁ/. They only appear intervocalically .
/k/ and /q/ undergo dorsal harmony.
/t, k, q/ are the only consonants that may occur word finally.

Allophony
/a e i o u/ > /ɐ ɤ ɪ~ɨ ɔ~ɵ ʊ/ when adjacent to a uvular consonant.

I imagine that the language likely had a historical /*p/ that turned into /*ɸ/ and then eluded away. Also, /e/ and /o/ are notably less common then the other vowels due to deriving from historical /*ai/ and /*au/ respectively.
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by LinguoFranco »

/m n/
/p t t͡s k/
/b d d͡z g/
/pʰ tʰ kʰ/
/f s ʃ ħ/
/v z ʕ/
/l r j/

It has strict CVC phonotactics. What inspired me to make this inventory is that I wanted a large inventory with a voicing contrast in both plosives and fricatives, but without it being Standard Average European. I think it looks kinda like Armenian, though.

I also have another inventory I will present below:

/m n/
/p t t͡s~t͡ʃ k/
/b d g/
/f s ɬ h/
/l ɾ j w~ʋ/

It's also CVC.

I'm actually not sure which one I like better.
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Omzinesý »

.
Last edited by Omzinesý on 17 Nov 2021 18:22, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Random phonology/phonemic inventory thread

Post by Flavia »

/p b t d k g s j w/
/a aː/
/hᵃ hⁱ hᵘ [probably ħ ħʲ ħʷ]/
(s)C(j,w,H)V(C)

/n ŋ/
/t͡s k/
/s x/
/r j w/
/a ɛ i ɔ u aː ɛː iː ɔː u/
/i̯a i̯aː u̯a u̯aː ɔ̯a ɔ̯aː i̯ɛ i̯ɛː u̯ɔ u̯ɔː/
Tones: á à, diphthongs and vowels bear only one tone.

/β r s s* ʔ/ /æã ɔ̃ e u/ /ae̯ ɔu̯ a̯ɔ ɔ̯a a̯ɔu̯ ɔ̯ae̯/
Allophony:
/β r/ become /m n/ before a nasal vowel;
/s*/ becomes /t/ in [ʔt] cluster, although /ʔs*i ʔs*u/ don't change;
/ʔʔ/ is realized as [ʔk];
/s/ becomes /ʃ/ before /i/ and /ɸ/ before /u/;
/s* ʔ/ become [r̥ x] initially, although /s*i s*u/ don't change.
Tones:
Monophthongs: 3, 51
Polyphthongs: 3, 51, 513, 351
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