Karu 2.0

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Omzinesý
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Re: A new lang combining some old ideas - name will be found up later

Post by Omzinesý »

Omzinesý wrote: 16 Nov 2021 14:00 Verb morphology

I'm stealing quite much from Karu (my older project) verb. The exact content of the slot 2 is still unclear. How many voices does the language need.

The preliminary verb template is:
-1[incorporation] 0[stem], 1[inceptive, cessiative, causative] 2[reciprocal, reflexive, autobenefactive, applicative] 3[passive, perfect], 4[mood, agreement], 5[volitionality, resultative, negation]

The slot 5 is copied from Karu (some sounds are changed). It combines markers of volitionality, resultativity (aspect), and negation. The slot is "not obligatory", that is, the values can be unmarked. Negation must, however, have a stance on volitionality (if you reject doing something or cannot do something).

-Ø - unmarked
ne - Volitional
ši - Nonvolitional
se - Resultative
wa - Irresultative
la - Volitional negative ('reject')
me - Nonvolitional negative ('cannot')
I think the voice slot could be a prefix preceding incorporation.
Perfect could be periphrastic as above.

The verb pattern could look like this:
-2[reciprocal, reflexive, autobenefactive, applicative, passive]
-1[incorporation]
0[stem]
1[inceptive, cessiative, causative]
2[mood, agreement]
3[volitionality, resultative, negation]

One of my favourite categories is "epistemic categories"
- Probably, maybe
- Mirative
- evidentiality
- Egopphoricity
It could appear between 2 and 3.
Edit: Or probably I could add those epistemic categories to the mood/agreement slot.
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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Omzinesý
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Re: Karu 2.0

Post by Omzinesý »

There could be productive denominal stative derivations meaning:
1) belonging to N (i.e. genitive)
2) being an N (copula, also an apposition)
3) being made of N (partitive)

All statives are not denominal.
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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Omzinesý
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Re: Karu 2.0

Post by Omzinesý »

Morphological processes

1) devoicing of /j/ and /ɣ~ʁ/
Glides cannot follow a consonant (in modern Karu).
Therefore, /j/ and /ɣ~ʁ/ devoice after stops. It can also be seen as a palatalization process.

2) stopping of nasals
Nasals cannot be followed by fricatives.
Therefore, nasals give their nasal feature to the preceding vowel and become stops, when followed be a fricative or a former glide.

tsuhem- 'to make pregnant'
tsuhęp-š-a 'I made her pregnant.'

3) Nasalization of glides
j => ɲ <nj>
ɣ~ʁ => ŋ <ng>

/ɲ/ and /ŋ/ are rare in other contexts.
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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Omzinesý
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Re: Karu 2.0

Post by Omzinesý »

I think it's enough if there are four converbs.

a) sequential converb

b) anterior converb
c) simultaneous converb
b) posterior or purposuve converb

The anterior converb often has a causal or conditional reading.
The sequential converb just expresses order.
My meta-thread: viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5760
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