Surprising cognates

A forum for discussing linguistics or just languages in general.
Salmoneus
MVP
MVP
Posts: 3030
Joined: 19 Sep 2011 19:37

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Salmoneus »

English: horde
Urdu (and English): Urdu
User avatar
qwed117
mongolian
mongolian
Posts: 4094
Joined: 20 Nov 2014 02:27

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by qwed117 »

:hun: Hungarian ezer “thousand” ~ :ind: Tamil āyiram “thousand”~ :eng: English mile

All from PIE *sm-g’éslom “one-thousand”
Spoiler:
My minicity is [http://zyphrazia.myminicity.com/xml]Zyphrazia and [http://novland.myminicity.com/xml]Novland.

Minicity has fallen :(
The SqwedgePad
User avatar
k1234567890y
mayan
mayan
Posts: 2400
Joined: 04 Jan 2014 04:47
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by k1234567890y »

English bite and English fibre (borrowed from Latin fibra)

both of them are from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- ("to split")
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
User avatar
Shemtov
runic
runic
Posts: 3283
Joined: 29 Apr 2013 04:06

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Shemtov »

:alb: <dyqan> /dyc͡çan/ "Store" Yiddish /duxann̩/ "to preform the priestly blessings" both ultimately from Aramaic /dukanaʔ/ "Platform"
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
User avatar
k1234567890y
mayan
mayan
Posts: 2400
Joined: 04 Jan 2014 04:47
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by k1234567890y »

English cybernetics(from which the prefix cyber- is derived) and government

both of cybernetics and government are ultimately derived from Ancient Greek κυβερνάω "I steer".

p.s. in modern society the government is sometimes metaphorised as a machine, which kinda is another connection between "government" and "cybernetics".
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
User avatar
k1234567890y
mayan
mayan
Posts: 2400
Joined: 04 Jan 2014 04:47
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by k1234567890y »

English orphan and robot

both words are ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos “orphan” or its predecessor *h₃erbʰ “to change or evolve status”
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
Iyionaku
mayan
mayan
Posts: 2102
Joined: 25 May 2014 14:17

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Iyionaku »

k1234567890y wrote: 12 Apr 2021 19:57 English orphan and robot

both words are ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos “orphan” or its predecessor *h₃erbʰ “to change or evolve status”
Also, German Arbeit "work" also derives from the same root.
Wipe the glass. This is the usual way to start, even in the days, day and night, only a happy one.
User avatar
k1234567890y
mayan
mayan
Posts: 2400
Joined: 04 Jan 2014 04:47
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by k1234567890y »

English Wales, Gaul, Walloon, Wallachia
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
User avatar
Flavia
sinic
sinic
Posts: 361
Joined: 13 Apr 2021 14:53
Location: Sol III

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Flavia »

Polish "córka" /tsurka/
Russian "doč'" /dotS/
XIPA
:pol: > :eng: > :esp: > :lat: > :fra: > :por: > :deu:
Abaniscen cancasirnemor
Salmoneus
MVP
MVP
Posts: 3030
Joined: 19 Sep 2011 19:37

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Salmoneus »

k1234567890y wrote: 12 Jun 2021 03:50 English Wales, Gaul, Walloon, Wallachia
Also Cornwall.
User avatar
k1234567890y
mayan
mayan
Posts: 2400
Joined: 04 Jan 2014 04:47
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by k1234567890y »

Salmoneus wrote: 12 Jun 2021 23:28
k1234567890y wrote: 12 Jun 2021 03:50 English Wales, Gaul, Walloon, Wallachia
Also Cornwall.
yeah you are right
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
User avatar
qwed117
mongolian
mongolian
Posts: 4094
Joined: 20 Nov 2014 02:27

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by qwed117 »

Something that I found out today was that 'hour' 'year' and 'horoscope' are all related. Decided to check if someone had already got this one, and indeedy do:
Celi-Folia wrote: 02 Aug 2013 20:58 Here's an example of the opposite situation, where one might not expect these to be cognate but they are :XD

hour ·· Latin hora "hour, time, season" ·· Greek ὥρα "season" ·· PIE *yor-a- ·· PIE *yor-/*yer- "year, season" ·· PIE *yer-o- ·· Proto-Germanic *jæram ·· Old English gear ·· year
The Greek route was also introduced into Sanskrit, and thus to Burmese ဟူးရား (/hújá/) 'astrology'
Spoiler:
My minicity is [http://zyphrazia.myminicity.com/xml]Zyphrazia and [http://novland.myminicity.com/xml]Novland.

Minicity has fallen :(
The SqwedgePad
User avatar
VaptuantaDoi
roman
roman
Posts: 1067
Joined: 18 Nov 2019 07:35

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by VaptuantaDoi »

"pumpkin", "melon" and "apricot" all share a common PIE root *pekʷ- "ripen":
  • *pékʷ-i̯e > Greek πέπτω "ripen" > πέπων "large melon" > Latin pepō > Middle French pompon > English pumpkin
  • *pékʷ-et-i > Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō > Latin QUOQUŌ > COQUŌ > PRÆCOQUUM "early-ripening" > PRÆCOCIA > Greek πραικόκιον > Byzantine Greek βερικοκκία "apricot tree" > Arabic الْبَرْقُوق‎ (al-barqūq) "plums" > Catalan albercoc > abrecoc > English abrecock > apricock > apricot
  • *pékʷ-ont-s > Greek πέπων "ripe" > μηλοπέπων "ripe apple" > Latin MĒLOPEPŌNEM "type of pumpkin" > MĒLŌNEM > Old French melon > English melon
Not sure if they exactly qualify as cognates, but they're at least interesting.
User avatar
k1234567890y
mayan
mayan
Posts: 2400
Joined: 04 Jan 2014 04:47
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by k1234567890y »

Chinese 珍珠 (Middle Chinese pronounciation: /ʈˠiɪn t͡ɕɨo/) "pearl" v.s. Hungarian gyöngy "pearl"

The Hungarian word is borrowed from Turkic, which is in turned borrowed from Chinese.
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
User avatar
Shemtov
runic
runic
Posts: 3283
Joined: 29 Apr 2013 04:06

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Shemtov »

k1234567890y wrote: 08 Nov 2022 20:17 borrowed from Turkic, which is in turned borrowed from Chinese.
In the opposite Direction: :vie: thiên /tʰiən/"Heaven [used only in compounds]" :mon: тэнгэр /tʰeŋ.ɡer/ "Sky; Heaven; Weather"
PrTurkic *teŋri "Heaven; Tengri
>(borrowed via Xiongnu) Old :zho: 撐犁 *ṭhāŋ-rə̄>Late Old :zho: 天 *tʰi:n "Heaven"> Middle :zho: 天 *tʰen> (Borrowed) :vie: thiên
>(Borrowed) PrMongolic *teŋgeri>Middle/Classical :mon: /tenggeri/> :mon: тэнгэр
Many children make up, or begin to make up, imaginary languages. I have been at it since I could write.
-JRR Tolkien
User avatar
Emanresu
rupestrian
rupestrian
Posts: 10
Joined: 17 Oct 2022 15:18
Location: Germany
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Emanresu »

:lva: salds (sweet)
:eng: salt
:eng: sauce
:eng: halogen

all come from PIE séh₂ls, which means salt.
User avatar
Arayaz
roman
roman
Posts: 1223
Joined: 07 Sep 2022 00:24
Location: Just south of the pin-pen merger
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Arayaz »

English "stile" and OCS stĭza "path"

Both from PIE *steygʰ- "go, march, climb"
Proud member of the myopic-trans-southerner-Viossa-girl-with-two-cats-who-joined-on-September-6th-2022 gang

:con: Ruykkarraber languages, Izre, Ngama, Areyaxi languages, ???, 2c2ef0
my garbage

she/her
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Man in Space »

Üdj wrote: 17 Dec 2022 17:09 English "stile" and OCS stĭza "path"

Both from PIE *steygʰ- "go, march, climb"
Like in "turnstile"?
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
User avatar
Arayaz
roman
roman
Posts: 1223
Joined: 07 Sep 2022 00:24
Location: Just south of the pin-pen merger
Contact:

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Arayaz »

Man in Space wrote: 17 Dec 2022 20:52
Üdj wrote: 17 Dec 2022 17:09 English "stile" and OCS stĭza "path"

Both from PIE *steygʰ- "go, march, climb"
Like in "turnstile"?
Yes, probably.
Proud member of the myopic-trans-southerner-Viossa-girl-with-two-cats-who-joined-on-September-6th-2022 gang

:con: Ruykkarraber languages, Izre, Ngama, Areyaxi languages, ???, 2c2ef0
my garbage

she/her
criminalmammal
rupestrian
rupestrian
Posts: 10
Joined: 05 Oct 2022 05:59

Re: Surprising cognates

Post by criminalmammal »

Spanish quejarse "to complain, quarrel"
English quash "to defeat, annul"
Yiddish קוועטשן‎ kvetshn "to squeeze, pinch, complain" (→ English kvetch "to complain incessantly")
Post Reply