Surprising cognates

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Nortaneous
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Nortaneous »

Armenian ewt'n "seven" ~ Akkadian sibittu id.
Finnish taivas "sky" ~ Georgian devi "monster" ~ Arabic diyū "demon" ~ English Tyr
Lule Sami boatsoj "reindeer" ~ Bashkir mïšï "moose" ~ English fee
Finnish sarvi "horn" ~ Finnish hirvi "elk" ~ English hornet ~ English cerebrum
Pite Sami tjuohte "hundred" ~ English cent
Finnish ajaa "drive" ~ Northern Sami vuodjit "drive" ~ English coagulate ~ Finnish ammatti "profession" ~ Irish amhas "hooligan" ~ French gérer "manage"
Moksha jerʹxke "lake" ~ Lithuanian jáura "bog"
Northern Sami miehta "honey" ~ Chinese id. ~ Malay madu id. ~ Yakut müöt id. ~ Lao mathu id. ~ Chechen moz id. (OK, I'm not sure about the last three, but it's probable)
Micmac atlai "shirt" < Basque atorra id.
Micmac elega:wit "he is a king" ~ Latvian redzēt "see"

also Iroquois < Basque-based pidgin (h)ilokoa "killer people"
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Pabappa
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Pabappa »

are the Micmac words all loans?

:eng:air and :eng: wind are cognates, if you follow the chains of words at http://enwp.org/wikt:air and http://enwp.org/wikt:wind , though the common element is just PIE *h2w-. Also in this word family are east, Austria, and Australia. meaning that the similarity of the names of the two countries is not such a coincidence after all, despite that they have different meanings.
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Znex
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Znex »

:eng: stall
:lat: locum > :fra: lieu {place, location}
Both come from the PIE root *stel- {to put, place}.
:eng: : [tick] | :grc: : [:|] | :chn: :isr: :wls: : [:S] | :deu: :ell: :rus: : [:x]
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Shemtov
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Shemtov »

:eng: <iron> <sister> <sangria>
PIE *h₁ésh₂r̥ "Blood">Proto-Celtic *īsarnom "Iron ["Bloody Metal"]">borrowed by PGerm *īsarną>O. :eng: īren> :eng: <Iron>
>*PIE su-h₁ésh₂-ōr "self-blood-FEM">PGerm *swestēr> O:eng:sweostor>:eng: sister
> :lat: sanguis "blood"> :esp: sangre>:esp: sangria "blood like [drink]">borrowed :eng: sangria
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by shimobaatar »

Apparently, "arsenic" might be related to "yellow".
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k1234567890y
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by k1234567890y »

English head(native Germanic word), chief, chef(from French, ultimately from Latin), cape(from French, ultimately from Latin), cap(ultimately from Latin), capital(from Latin), jefe(from Spanish, ultimately from Latin), and kapala(from Tibet, ultimately from Sanskrit)
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
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Shemtov
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Shemtov »

k1234567890y wrote: 26 Jun 2018 15:59 English head(native Germanic word), chief, chef(from French, ultimately from Latin), cape(from French, ultimately from Latin), cap(ultimately from Latin), capital(from Latin), jefe(from Spanish, ultimately from Latin), and kapala(from Tibet, ultimately from Sanskrit)
Also Chapter,, from a French doublet of Chief.
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Pabappa
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Pabappa »

k1234567890y wrote: 26 Jun 2018 15:59 English head(native Germanic word), chief, chef(from French, ultimately from Latin), cape(from French, ultimately from Latin), cap(ultimately from Latin), capital(from Latin), jefe(from Spanish, ultimately from Latin), and kapala(from Tibet, ultimately from Sanskrit)
from the last one you could then add :jpn: 瓦 /kawara/ "tile; covering; kneecap".
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Ælfwine »

English magician, via French magicien, via Latin magus, via Greek mágos (itself from an indeterminate Iranian origin)

Chinese wū 巫 "shaman, witch", possibly from Sino-Tibetan *mjaɣ, loaned from Persian *maguš

Somewhat controversial, as wū 巫 could also be from mu 母 meaning mother, given the tradition of female shamanesses.
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svld
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by svld »

巫 and 母 in oracle bone script look nothing alike though.
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by GrandPiano »

svld wrote: 27 Jun 2018 10:57 巫 and 母 in oracle bone script look nothing alike though.
That doesn’t mean the words themselves aren’t related. They may have already been considered separate words in Old Chinese.
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Creyeditor
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Creyeditor »

Pabappa wrote: 26 Jun 2018 20:58
k1234567890y wrote: 26 Jun 2018 15:59 English head(native Germanic word), chief, chef(from French, ultimately from Latin), cape(from French, ultimately from Latin), cap(ultimately from Latin), capital(from Latin), jefe(from Spanish, ultimately from Latin), and kapala(from Tibet, ultimately from Sanskrit)
from the last one you could then add :jpn: 瓦 /kawara/ "tile; covering; kneecap".
We already had this a few pages ago. There is also Indonesian (!) 'kepala'.
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by clawgrip »

GrandPiano wrote: 27 Jun 2018 23:36
svld wrote: 27 Jun 2018 10:57 巫 and 母 in oracle bone script look nothing alike though.
That doesn’t mean the words themselves aren’t related. They may have already been considered separate words in Old Chinese.
Indeed, it's important not to confuse script etymology with spoken language etymology. Words of common origin are sometimes written with different characters. Japanese in particular is full of this, since kanji is basically a foreign writing system that has nothing to do with Japanese etymology, but Chinese surely has the same thing as well.
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Lambuzhao »

Znex wrote: 07 Jun 2018 14:41 :eng: stall
:lat: locum > :fra: lieu {place, location}
Both come from the PIE root *stel- {to put, place}.
Those crazy Old latin /stl/ words, like stlocus, stlatus, stloppus.

What the hey, Latin?!
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Lambuzhao »

Shemtov wrote: 10 Jun 2018 06:43 :eng: <iron> <sister> <sangria>
PIE *h₁ésh₂r̥ "Blood">Proto-Celtic *īsarnom "Iron ["Bloody Metal"]">borrowed by PGerm *īsarną>O. :eng: īren> :eng: <Iron>
>*PIE su-h₁ésh₂-ōr "self-blood-FEM">PGerm *swestēr> O:eng:sweostor>:eng: sister
> :lat: sanguis "blood"> :esp: sangre>:esp: sangria "blood like [drink]">borrowed :eng: sangria
Interestingly, Italic also has a representative in the first *h₁ésh₂r̥ category as well.

Old :lat: had assyr, aser, ascer 'blood'.

Bloody well right!
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Lambuzhao
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Lambuzhao »

Lambuzhao wrote: 05 Jul 2018 18:05
Shemtov wrote: 10 Jun 2018 06:43 :eng: <iron> <sister> <sangria>
PIE *h₁ésh₂r̥ "Blood">Proto-Celtic *īsarnom "Iron ["Bloody Metal"]">borrowed by PGerm *īsarną>O. :eng: īren> :eng: <Iron>
>*PIE su-h₁ésh₂-ōr "self-blood-FEM">PGerm *swestēr> O:eng:sweostor>:eng: sister
> :lat: sanguis "blood"> :esp: sangre>:esp: sangria "blood like [drink]">borrowed :eng: sangria
Interestingly, Italic also has a representative in the first *h₁ésh₂r̥ category as well.

Old :lat: had assyr, aser, ascer 'blood'.

Bloody well right!
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by WeepingElf »

There is this chiastic pattern in the two biggest Germanic languages:

:deu: Schaum 'foam' ~ :eng: scum
:deu: Feim 'scum' ~ :eng: foam

Though Feim is now obsolete in Standard German, but the derived adjective abgefeimt 'cunning' is still in use.
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by qwed117 »

:ind: Hindi चाबी caabi /t͡ʃaːbiː/ "key" ~ :esp: Spanish llave /ʎaβe/ "key"

Both are from Latin clavis. Hindi gets it from a Portuguese intermediary.
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k1234567890y
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by k1234567890y »

Chinese and English wheel, it is possible that the Chinese word was ultimately a borrowing from a word for wheel from Indo-European languages
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
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Re: Surprising cognates

Post by Imralu »

k1234567890y wrote: 19 Jul 2018 22:02 Chinese and English wheel, it is possible that the Chinese word was ultimately a borrowing from a word for wheel from Indo-European languages
Posts like this would be more interesting if you include the pronunciation.
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