Are you learning a new language?

[Omzinesý]

The first one is a polar question. The second one is a content question.

Are you learning a new language?
What language are you learning?

[Omzinesý]

Mîzmiz

Are you learning a new language?
mûzmiz phór kwôspsy.
[muθ˥miθ pχɔr˧˥ kwos˥psæi]
m<û>z-miz phor-´ kwôs-p=sy
CLlanguage<INDEF>-language new-Q learn-SG2=now

What language are you learning?
myzmîz kwôspsy.
[mæiθmiz˥ kwos˥psæi]
m<y>z-miz-^ kwôs-p=sy
CLlanguage<which>-language-FOC learn-SG2=now

or less focused
What language are you learning?
myzkwôspsy.
[mæiθkwos˥psæi]
m<y>z-kwôs-p=sy
CLlanguage<which>-learn-SG2=now

[Click]

Croatian:

Učiš li novi jezik?
/u.ʧi.ʃɫi no.ʋi je.zik/
uči-š=li novi jezik
learn-3SG.PRS=Q new[MASC.ACC] language[MASC.ACC]
Are you learning a new language?

Koji jezik učiš?
/ko.ji je.zik u.ʧiʃ/
koji jezik uči-š
which[MASC.ACC] language[MASC.ACC] learn-3SG.PRS
What language are you learning?

[ol bofosh]

Ux on erefiwt alahith yate?
[ux oɳ e.ˈɾe.fiwt a.ˈɭa.hiʈ jate]
ux on erefiw-t alahith yate
INT 2s.informal learning-PRS language other?
Are you learning a new language?

Ux on erefiwt pa alahith?
[ux oɳ e.ˈɾe.fiwt pa a.ˈɭa.hiʈ]
ux on erefiw-t pa alahith
INT 2s learning DEF language?
What language are you learning?

[xinda]

Cednìtıt

Tca orawenen ùdecı oca?
tca o-ra-e-ne-n ùd-et-ı po-ca
REL speak-way-new-VN-ACC 2s.NPST>3si-learn-IMPF 3si.NPST-Q.AFF
Are you learning a new language?

Oran ùdecıne otsru?
o-ra-n ùd-et-ı-ne o-tsru
speak-way-ACC 2s.NPST>3si-learn-IMPF-VN 3si.NPST-what.I
What language are you learning?

[Xing]

Wakeu:

E leku a ngo ta watee kopu?
[e̞ le̞ːk aː ŋʷo̞ː t̻ʲa wɑˈt̻ʲe̞ː kʷo̞ːp]
PRS learn ERG 2s SG language next
Are you learning a new language?

E mwe watee leku a ngo ki?
[e̞ mˠe̞ː wɑˈt̻ʲe̞ː le̞ːk aː ŋʷo̞ː kiː]
PRS what language learn ERG 2s 3s
What language are you learning?

[vampireshark]

Telèmor
Are you learning a new language?
Informal:
Apreni une priștir limbar?
[aˈpɾe.ni ˈu.nɛ ˈpɾi.ʃtir ˈlǐm.bár]
learn-2.PRS one.M new.M language

Formal:
Aprenre-vua une priștir limbar?
[aˈpɾen.ɾɛ vwɐ ˈu.nɛ ˈpɾi.ʃtir ˈlǐm.bár]
learn.2.FOR.PRS 2.FOR one.M. new.M language

What language are you learning?
Informal:
Apreni celo limbar?
[aˈpɾe.ni ˈke.lo ˈlǐm.bár]
learn-2.PRS which.M language

Formal:
Aprenre-vua celo limbar?
[aˈpɾen.ɾɛ vwɐ ˈke.lo ˈlǐm.bár]
learn.2.FOR.PRS 2.FOR which.M language

[Toko]

aku'b nje zjetj zjel vazo ju'kj?
/akub nʲe zʲetʲ zʲel ʋazo ʝukʲ/
get 2S SBJ fluency language another about Q

aku'b nje zjetj zjel ju da?
/akub nʲe zʲetʲ zʲel ʝu da/
get 2S SBJ fluency language about which

[Xing]

Nizhmel

Nag sevmel kirseq haq?
[naʔ̚ səʊ̯mæɤ̯ kʰɪɐ̯sɛʔ̚ haʔ̚]
nag sevmel kir-seq haq
new language learn-2s INT
Are you learning a new language?

C’ermiq mel kirseq?
[t͡ʃʼɜːmiʔ̚ mæɤ̯ kʰɪɐ̯sɛʔ̚]
c’ermiq mel kir-seq
which language learn-2s
What language are you learning?

[DanH34]

Are you learning a new language?
What language are you learning?

Zidhgebzhail

khwOagdien dil zhailef-deshys hyn?
[khw]-Ø-Oagdie-n d-il zhail-ef-desh-ys hyn?
[Q]-PRS-learn-SIMPLE.TOP 2-ERG.SG.M language-ACC.SG.M-new-ABS.SG.M_ADJ.FOC DUMMY_VERB
Learning, are you doing it to a new language?

khwOagdien dil zhailef-khwukh hyn?
[khw]-Ø-Oagdien d-il zhail-ef-khwukh hyn?
[Q]-PRS-learn-SIMPLE.TOP 2-ERG.SG.M language-ACC.SG.M-which.FOC DUMMY_VERB
Learning, you're doing it to which language?

Note that word order is determined by the topic-focus structure of the clause, and is unaffected by the fact that a question is being asked.

[ABC]

Are you learning a new language?
What language are you learning?

Nolikan

Ma cal yas carag elaha?
Q you-ERG new language learn-3-PRESENT

Cal mange carag elaha?
you-ERG which language learn-3-PRESENT

[zee]

English
Are you learning a new language?
What language are you learning?

Gzidą
Pat sprendeder tapel gz'emukasidygzi agzńa pidygzi?
/ pa:t sprɛndedə tæpɛl ʒɛmu:ka:zi:du:ʒi: æʒɲə pi:du:ʒi: /
article.INANIMATE.INDEF 'language' 'new' PROGRESSIVE-'learning'.2sg ASKING 'be'
Agzńa gz'emukasidygzi tad sprendeder madis?
/ æʒɲə ʒɛmu:ka:zi:du:ʒi: ta:d sprɛndedə ma:di:z /
ASKING PROGRESSIVE-'learning'.2sg article.general 'language' 'what'

[Iron]

Kärätäütäe mëzres snëgit?
/kærætæytæ mezrɛs snegit/
2SG.learn.PRS ADJ.novelty ACC.tongue
Are you learning a new language?

Kades snëgit kärätäütäjüžïnäte?
/kɑdɛs snegit kærætæytæjyʒɪnætɛ/
ADJ.what(ness) ACC.tongue 2SG.learn-to_be.PRS
What language are you learning?

[Chagen]

Pazmat:

"Lelimatizsubifōsō?"
[new-speech-learn-2.SG-IMPERF-Q]

"Icj Matiz subifōsō?"
[what speech learn-2.SG-IMPERF-Q]

[Click]

Is Pazmat polysynthetic now?

[Chagen]

It pretty much always was. Objects and their adjectives can be incorporated onto verbs.

[Maraxxus]

KipalPoxillKanKeltórs?
[ki.ˈpɑlpoˈksilːkɑn.kelˈtoːɾs]
*another-speech-art-learn-2SG
Are you learning a new language?

* This is of course, assuming that OP isn't talking about a newly-created language

SlónPoxillKanKeltórs?
[sloːn poˈksilːkɑn.kelˈtoːɾs]
which-speech-art-learn-2SG
What language are you learning?

[Omzinesý]

Added pronounciations for Mîzmiz.

* This is of course, assuming that OP isn't talking about a newly-created language

Maybe the most natural case is that the language is new to the learner.

[nmn]

Nu djun djujo ju þjo?
Q 2.SG learn speech new?
Are you learning a new language?

Djun djujo ju onno?
2.SG learn speech which?
What language are you learning?

[Xing]

Cibal

Sal/son adir halor cibal an?
sal/son adir hal-or cibal an
2s.M/2s.F learn new.F language Q
[sæˑɤ̯/soˑn ˈæˑðɪɐ ˈhæˑlɔɐ̯ ˈʨʰiˑβæɤ̯]
Are you learning a new language?

Hinor halor cibal sal/son adir?
hin-or hal-or cibal sal/son adir
which.F new.F language 2s.M/2s.F learn
[ˈhiˑnɔɐ̯ ˈhæˑlɔɐ̯ ˈʨʰiˑβæɤ̯ sæˑɤ̯/soˑn ˈæˑðɪɐ]
What language are you learning?