From my understanding the Campidanese example experienced a collapse of the system, which is and remains allophonic in most other languages (ie there wasn't any phonemicization of the alteration. For example, Spanish. The Latin etymon is not important to the understanding of this since the difference wasn't phonemicized.Ser wrote: ↑26 Apr 2020 21:40I'm afraid that, no, that's still not the allophonic vowel length we were talking about. We were talking about the (allophonic) lengthening of Latin vowels when they are stressed in open syllables, as in, say, Latin pira 'pear' [ˈpɪra] > [ˈpera] > [ˈpe:ra] (and then > early Old French [ˈpeirə]).
The Campidanese example there is different (and irrelevant) as all those [ɛ]s are inside closed syllables in the Latin etyma (cantāssem cantāssēmus cantāssent). Also, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and Romanian have the same collapse of the system of stress alternations in that particular tense as Campidanese (Sp cantase cantásemos cantasen, Rom cântasem cântaserăm cântaseră), so I'm not sure what it is that you read in that database.
Prefix: Romance languages, like all languages are cursedSer wrote: ↑26 Apr 2020 21:40]
That Logudorese preterite looks whacky as hell though, to the point that I even wonder if you transcribed it correctly... It looks like it has got the same [-zi-] suffix that appears in a few Old French verbs that descend from the Latin 2nd or 3rd conjugation (facere fēcistī fēcimus > faire fesis fesimes [ˈfairə fəˈzis fəˈziməs], which expanded to e.g. sedēre sēdistī sēdimus > sedeir sesis sesimes [səˈðeir səˈzis səˈziməs]), but with thoroughly whacky stress assignment. Logudorese conserves geminate [ss] (ipsum > isso), so I don't think this preterite has taken forms from the pluperfect subjunctive in the 1PL and 2PL slots. Not to mention this is a 1st conjugation verb we're talking about (domare), which only increases the whackiness (why the -si- suffix if so?), although then again, Latin domāre did have a whacky half-1st half-3rd conjugation (domō/domat domāre domuī domitum), so maybe Logudorese just happens to conserve that. Anyway, what the hell?
I wasn't the one who transcribed it, so don't be blaming me. I copied it straight off the Oxford ODRVM. Of the 4 sources I have on Logudorese, I find 3 that give the first person preterit to be -esi (verbix, ODRVM, EB) and 1 that says ei (nativlang). I'd lean to supposing the nativlang preterit to be the mistranscribed version, because all three have distinct features that make me believe that they were all transcribed independently (especially the 3rd person preterit, -erunt in nativlang, -esint in ODRVM, and -eint in verbix).
Second thing to note is that to my knowledge, only Standard Italian and its related languages retain directly inherited geminates. <Ss> is not [ss], but just /s/. <Issos> represents /isos/or /isoz/ depending on the next phone, <usso> /uso/ (from Latin URSUM). In this case the transcription, could be phonologically understood as the pluperfect subjunctive. Obviously, though, the semantic mismatch is very large, enough to rule out the change- especially since, based on nativlang and verbix, Logudorese maintains the pluperfect subjunctive, like Spanish, probably an Aragonese influence.
Anyways, the issue with pushing this onto just domare, is that it's also *all* Sardinian verbs that share the preterit. <Ischire> becomes <ischesi>, <caentare> ("to warm") becomes <caentesi>, <ballare> becomes <ballesi>, so the explanation isn't just related to <domare>'s singular oddity. Instead, the actual answer is extremely cursed.
I love the absolute sense of of disgust in the author's voice.[url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7Q7H6uE2MMkC&pg=PA891&lpg=PA891#v=onepage&q&f=false wrote:Encyclopedia Britannica[/url]]Next comes the analogical and almost corrupt diffusion of the -si of the ancient strong perfects (such as posi and rosi-) by which cantesi, timesi (cantavi, timui), dolfesi, dolui, are reached. Proof of the use and even the abuse of the strong perfects is afforded, however by the participles and the infinitives of the category to which belong the following examples: tennidu, tenuto; parfidu, parso; balfidu, valso; tennere, balere, &c (Arch. ii. 432-433)