stand lie sit hang

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Plusquamperfekt
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stand lie sit hang

Post by Plusquamperfekt »

Please translate:

English

John is lying in bed.
John lies down.
John lays the book on the shelf.

John is sitting on the chair.
John sits down on the chair.
John seats the child on the chair.

John is standing on the floor.
John stands up.
John puts the book on the shelf (in a standing position).

The picture is hanging on the wall.
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.
John hangs the picture on the wall.

German

John liegt im Bett.
John legt sich hin.
John legt das Buch auf das Regal.

John sitzt auf dem Stuhl.
John setzt sich auf den Stuhl.
John setzt das Kind auf den Stuhl.

John steht auf dem Boden.
John steht auf. / John stellt sich hin.
John stellt das Buch auf das Regal.

Das Bild hängt an der Wand.
Das Kind hängte sich an den Arm seiner Mutter
John hängt das Bild an die Wand.
Last edited by Plusquamperfekt on 16 Dec 2013 16:03, edited 1 time in total.
Plusquamperfekt
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Plusquamperfekt »

:con: Miwonša

John kjapjan wa kjapai. [John lie-IPFV in bed-ACC.SG]
John kjapjastat. [John-NOM.SG lie-REFL-PFV]
John kjapit čwonai han čhaihwaš. [John-NOM.SG lie-3SG.PFV book-ACC.SG on shelf-DAT.SG]

John phonšan han phonšoi. [John sit-IPFV on chair-ACC.SG]
John phonšastat. [John-NOM.SG sit-REFL-PFV]
John phonšit woncoi han phonšoš. [John-NOM.SG sit-REFL-PFV on chair-DAT.SG]

John zatran han nažwai. [John stand-IPFV on floor-ACC.SG]
John zatrastat. [John stand-REFL-PFV]
John zatrit čwonai han čhaihwaš. [John-NOM.SG stand-3SG.PFV book-ACC.SG on shelf-DAT.SG]

Sjani rankjan han šipjai. [picture-NOM.SG hang-IPFV on wall-ACC.SG]
Wonco rankjastat han čhonloš macak. [child-NOM.SG hang-REFL-PFV on arm-DAT.SG mother-GEN.SG]
John rankit sjani han šipjaš [child-NOM.SG hang-3SG.PFV picture-ACC.SG on wall-DAT.SG]
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Dezinaa
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Dezinaa »

Jaan nyeernavev eromhei.
[John lie-IPFV LOC-bed[
Jaan nyeerna.
[John lie]
Jaan pwoonyeerna erreemi weughaixei.
[John CAUS-lie LOC-shelf OBJ-book]

Jaan enhaavev euunya.
[John sit-IPFV LOC-chair]
Jaan enha euunya.
[John sit LOC-chair]
Jaan pwooenha euunya weugiiva.
[John CAUS-sit LOC-chair OBJ-child]

Jaan lleeneuvev efinnai.
[John stand-IPFV LOC-floor]
Jaan lleneu.
[John stand]
Jaan xeeh erreemi weughaixei.
John put LOC-shelf OBJ-book

Hnennahee meenii ezjoya.
[paint-that.which.is hang LOC-wall]
Giiva meenii evazu nuuamii nuuxa.
[child hang LOC-arm GEN-mother GEN-3SG.F]
Jaan pwoomeenii ezjoya hnennahee.
[John CAUS-hang LOC-wall paint-that.which.is]
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Bagliun Edar
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Bagliun Edar »

Jonthamdo erbaenon jegōrunlin.
[ˈʒɔnðamdɔ ˈɛɾbaɛnɔn ˈʒɛgɔːˌɾunlin]
Jon-tham-do erbaen-on jegōrun-lin
PR-AGT-TOP lie-PART bed-LOC
John is lying in bed.

Jonthamdo erbaen.
[ˈʒɔnðamdɔ ˈɛɾbaɛn]
Jon-tham-do erbaen
PR-AGT-TOP lie
John lies down.

Bēmīmgrālumdo Jonbal erbaen abēmigrāludul.
[ˈbɛːmiːmgɾaːˌlumdɔ ˈʒɔnbal ˈɛɾbaɛn ˈabɛːˌmigɾaːˌludul]
bēmīmgrāl-u-m-do jon-bal erbaen abēmigrāl-u-dul
book-DEF.SG.NEUT-ACC-TOP PR-ERG lie bookshelf-DEF.SG.NEUT-IO
John lays the book on the shelf.

Jonthamdo baedrōn barōru.
[ˈʒɔnðamdɔ ˈbaɛdɾɔːn ˈbaɾɔːɾu]
Jon-tham-do baedro-on barōr-u
PR-AGT-TOP sit-PART chair-DEF.SG.NEUT
John is sitting on the chair.

Jonthamdo baedro barōru.
[ˈʒɔnðamdɔ ˈbaɛdɾɔ ˈbaɾɔːɾu]
jon-tham-do baedro barōr-u
PR-AGT-TOP sit chair-DEF.SG.NEUT
John sits down on the chair.

Jondo baedro tharu barōrudul.
[ʒɔndɔ ˈbaɛdɾɔ ˈðaɾu ˈbaɾɔːˌɾudul]
jon-do baedro thar-u barōr-u-dul
PR-TOP sit child-DEF.SG.NEUT chair-DEF.SG.NEUT-IO
John seats the child on the chair.

Baedroamel tharu barōrudul.
[ˈbaɛdɾɔamɛl ˈðaɾu ˈbaɾɔːˌɾudul]
baedro-amel thar-u barōr-u-dul
sit-2SG.NOM child-DEF.SG.NEUT chair-DEF.SG.NEUT-IO
You seat the child on the chair.

Jonthamdo erbuonon zaluamlin.
[ˈʒɔnðamdɔ ˈɛɾbuɔnɔn ˈzaluamlin]
Jon-tham-do erbuon-on zaluam-lin
PR-AGT-TOP stand-PART floor-LOC
John is standing on the floor.

Erbuononabil zaluamlin.
[ˈɛɾbuɔnɔˌnabil ˈzaluamlin]
erbuon-on-abil zaluam-lin
stand-PART-1st.NOM floor-LOC
I am standing on the floor.

Jonthamdo erbuon.
[ˈʒɔnðamdɔ ˈɛɾbuɔn]
Jon-tham-do erbuon
PR-AGT-TOP stand
John stands up.

Erbuonabil.
[ˈɛɾbuɔˌnabil]
erbuon-abil
stand-1SG.NOM
I stand up.

Bēmīmgrālomdo Jonbal erbuon abēmigrālulin
[ˈbɛːmiːmgɾaːˌlɔmdɔ ʒɔnbal ˈɛɾbuɔn ˈabɛːmigɾaːˌlulin]
bēmīmgrāl-om-do Jon-bal erbuon abēmigrāl-u-lin
book-ACC-TOP PR-ERG stand bookshelf-DEF.SG.NEUT-LOC
John puts the book on the shelf (in a standing position).

Bēmīmgrālomdo erbuonabil abēmigrālulin
[ˈbɛːmiːmgɾaːˌlɔmdɔ ˈɛɾbuɔˌnabil ˈabɛːmigɾaːˌlulin]
bēmīmgrāl-om-do erbuon-abil abēmigrāl-u-lin
book-ACC-TOP stand-1SG.NOM bookshelf-DEF.SG.NEUT-LOC
I put the book on the shelf (in a standing position).

Ilnathōruthamdo uron lemananulin.
[ˈilnaðɔːɾuˌðamdɔ ˈuɾɔn ˈlɛmanaˌnulin]
ilnathōr-u-tham-do ur-on lemanan-u-lin
picture-DEF.SG.NEUT-AGT-TOP hang-PART wall-DEF.SG.NEUT-LOC
The picture is hanging on the wall.

Tharibaldo albram yaumgevraum nalmeithumzu.
thar-i-bal-do albram yaumgevra-u-m nalme-i-thum-zu
child-DEF.SG.FEM-ERG-TOP hang.on arm-DEF.SG.NEUT-ACC mother.FORM-DEF.SG.FEM-POSS-REL
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.
albram: A child's action of hiding behind or below or grabbing his parent to seek protection/reassurance.

Ilnathōrumdo Jonbal ur lemananulin.
[ˈilnaðɔːˌɾumdɔ ˈʒɔnbal uɾ ˈlɛmanaˌnulin]
ilnathōr-u-m-do Jon-bal ur lemanan-u-lin
picture-DEF.SG.NEUT-ACC-TOP PR-ERG hang wall-DEF.SG.NEUT-LOC
John hangs the picture on the wall.

Ilnathōrumdo urabil lemananulin.
[ˈilnaðɔːˌɾumdɔ ˈuɾabil ˈlɛmanaˌnulin]
ilnathōr-u-m-do ur-abil lemanan-u-lin
picture-DEF.SG.NEUT-ACC-TOP hang-1SG.NOM wall-DEF.SG.NEUT-LOC
I hang the picture on the wall.
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Ceresz
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Ceresz »

How about a gloss for the German translation?

:swe:
John ligger i sängen.
[jɔn ˈlɪgːɛɾ iː ˈsɛŋːɛn]
john ligg-er i säng-en
john lie-PRS in bed-DEF

John ligger ner.
[jɔn ˈlɪgːɛ ɳeːɾ]
john ligg-er ner
john lie-PRS down

John lägger boken på hyllan.
[jɔn ˈlɛgːɛ ˈbɯᵝːkɛn pʰoː ˈhʏʷlːan]
john lägg-er bok-en på hylla-n
john lay-PRS book-DEF on shelf-DEF

John sitter på stolen.
[jɔn ˈsɪtːɛ pʰoː ˈstɯᵝːlɛn]
john sitt-er på stol-en
john sit-PRS on chair-DEF

John sätter sig ner på stolen.
[jɔn ˈsɛtːɛ ʃɛj neː pʰoː ˈstɯᵝːlɛn]
john sätt-er sig ner på stol-en
john seat-PRS REFL down on chair-DEF

John sätter barnet på stolen.
[jɔn ˈsɛːtɛ ˈbɒːɳɛ pʰoː ˈstɯᵝːlɛn]
john sätt-er barn-et på stol-en
john seat-PRS child-DEF on chair-DEF

John står på golvet.
[jɔn ˈstoː pʰoː ˈgɔlvɛ]
john stå-r på golv-et
john stand-PRS on floor-DEF

John ställer sig upp.
[jɔn ˈstɛlːɛ ʃɛj ɵ̞p]
john ställ-er sig upp
john stand-PRS REFL up

John ställer boken på hyllan.
[jɔn ˈstɛlːɛ ˈbɯᵝːkɛn pʰoː ˈhʏʷlːan]
john ställ-er bok-en på hylla-n
john put-PRS book-DEF on shelf-DEF

Bilden hänger på väggen.
[ˈbɪldɛn ˈhɛngɛ pʰoː ˈvɛgːɛn]
bild-en häng-er på vägg-en
picture-DEF hang-PRS on wall-DEF

Barnet klamrar sig fast på sin mammas arm.
[ˈbɒːɳɛ ˈkʰlamɾa ʃɛj fast pʰoː sɪn ˈmamːas aɾm]
barn-et klamr-ar sig fast på sin mamma=s arm
child-DEF cling-PRS REFL firmly on REFL mother=GEN arm

John hänger bilden på väggen.
[jɔn ˈhɛŋːɛ ˈbɪldɛn pʰoː ˈvɛgːɛn]
john häng-er bild-en på vägg-en
john hang-PRS picture-DEF on wall-DEF
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Plague
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Plague »

Savja Jón salá.
[säʊ̯jä jɔ:n 'sälä:]
John is lying in bed.
lie.3SG-PRS John bed.LOC

Ísavja Jón.
[i:'säʊ̯jä jɔ:n]
John lies down.
lie.3SG-IMPERF John

Helja Jón grámá arnolam.
['hɛljä jɔ:n 'grä:mä: ärn.'ɔläm]
John lays the book on the shelf.
put.3SG-PRS John book.ACC shelf.DAT

Sékja Jón hos.
['sɛ:cä jɔ:n hɔs]
John is sitting on the chair.
sit.3SG-PRS John chair.LOC

Ísékja Jón hom.
[i:'sɛ:cä jɔ:n hɔm]
John sits down on the chair.
sit.3SG-IMPERF John chair.DAT

Géskja Jón vúri hom.
['gɛscä jɔ:n 'vu:ri hɔm]
John seats the child on the chair.
seat.3SG-PRS John child.ACC chair.DAT

Amja Jón ríses.
['ämjä jɔ:n 'ri:sɛs]
John is standing on the floor.
stand.3SG-PRS John floor.LOC

Hamja Jón.
['hämjä jɔ:n]
John stands up.
stand-up.3SG-PRS

Helja Jón grámá arnolas.
['hɛljä jɔ:n 'grä:mä: ärn.'ɔläs]
John puts the book on the shelf.
put.3SG-PRS John book.ACC shelf.LOC

Gétlaja krocátus kiris.
['gɛ:tläjä krɔ'tsä:tus 'kʰiris]
The picture is hanging on the wall.
hang.3SG-PRS picture wall.LOC

Gétlaja vúris énnan amátan rálí.
['gɛ:tläjä 'vu:ris 'ɛ:n:än ä'mä:tän 'rä:li:]
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.
hang-on.3SG-PRS child its.ADJ-GEN mother.GEN arm.LOC

Tálja Jón krocátu kirim.
['tä:ljä jɔ:n krɔ'tsä:tu 'kʰirim]
John hangs the picture on the wall.
hang.3SG-PRS John picture.ACC wall.DAT
:got:
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Dormouse559
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Dormouse559 »

:fra: French:

Jean est allongé au lit.
/ʒɑ̃ ɛ‿talɔ̃ʒe o li/
John be.3SG.PRS lie_down-PST_PTCP at.DEF.M.SG bed

Jean s'allonge.
/ʒɑ̃ salɔ̃ʒ/
John 3.REFL=lie_down.3SG.PRS

Jean met le livre sur l'étagère.
/ʒɑ̃ mɛ l liv(ʁə) syʁ letaʒɛʁ/
John put.3SG.PRS DEF-M book on DEF=shelf

Jean est assis sur la chaise.
/ʒɑ̃ ɛ‿tasi syʁ la ʃɛz/
John be.3SG.PRS seat-PST_PTCP.M on DEF-F chair

Jean s'assied/s'assoit sur la chaise.
/ʒɑ̃ sasje saswa syʁ la ʃɛz/
John 3.REFL=seat.3SG.PRS on DEF-F chair

Jean assied/assoit l'enfant sur la chaise.
/ʒɑ̃ asje aswa lɑ̃fɑ̃ syʁ la ʃɛz/
John seat.3SG.PRS DEF=child on DEF-F chair

Jean est debout sur le sol.
/ʒɑ̃ ɛ dbu syʁ lə sɔl/
John be.3SG.PRS upright on DEF-M floor

Jean se lève.
/ʒɑ̃ s lɛv/
John 3.REFL raise.3SG.PRS

Jean met le livre debout sur l'étagère.
/ʒɑ̃ mɛ l livʁə dbu syʁ letaʒɛʁ/ /ʒɑ̃ mɛ l liv dəbu syʁ letaʒɛʁ/
John put.3SG.PRS DEF-M book upright on DEF=shelf

Le tableau est accroché au mur.
/lə tablo ɛ‿takʁɔʃe o myʁ/
DEF-M picture be.3SG.PRS hang-PST_PTCP at.DEF.M wall

L'enfant s'accroche au bras de sa mère.
/lɑ̃fɑ̃ sakʁɔʃ o bʁa d sa mɛʁ/
DEF=child 3.REFL=hang.3SG.PRS at.DEF.M arm of 3SG.GEN-F mother

Jean accroche le tableau au mur.
/ʒɑ̃ akʁɔʃ lə tablo o myʁ/
John hang.3SG.PRS DEF-M picture at.DEF.M wall
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Pirka
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Pirka »

:gle: Standard/Caighdeán

(L=lenition, E=eclipsis, VBN=verbal noun, .h=h-prothesis, .t=t-prothesis, .Ø=lack of mutation)

Bíonn Seán ina luí ina leaba.
/bʲiːn̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ ən̪ˠəˈl̪ˠiː ən̪ˠəˈl̪ʲabˠə/
bí-ann Seán i.E=a.L=luí i.E=a.L=leaba
be-PRS John in=his=lie.VBN in=his=bed
John is lying in bed.

Téann Seán a luí.
/t̪ʲeːn̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ əˈl̪ˠiː/
té-ann Seán a.L=luí
go-PRS John to=lie.VBN
John lies down.

Cuireann Seán an leabhar isteach ina luí ar an seilf.
/ˈkʊɾʲən̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ əˈl̪ʲauɾˠ əʃˈt̪ʲax ən̪ˠəˈl̪ˠiː ɛɾʲəˈʃɛl̪ˠfʲ/
cuir-ann Seán an.t=leabhar isteach i.E=a.L=luí ar.L=an.E=seilf
put-PRS John DEF.M=book inside in=his=lie.VBN on=DEF.DAT=shelf
John lays the book on the shelf.

Bíonn Seán ina shuí ar an gcathaoir.
/bʲiːn̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ ən̪ˠəˈhiː ɛɾʲəˈgahiːɾʲ/
bí-ann Seán i.E=aL=suí ar.L=an.E=cathaoir
be-PRS John in=his=sit.VBN on=DEF.DAT=chair
John is sitting on the chair.

Suíonn Seán síos ar an gcathaoir.
/s̪ˠiːn̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ ʃiːs̪ˠ ɛɾʲəˈgahiːɾʲ/
suí-ann Seán síos ar.L=an.E=cathaoir
sit-PRS John down on=DEF.DAT=chair
John sits down on the chair.

Cuireann Seán an leanbh isteach ina shuí ar an gcathaoir.
/ˈkʊɾʲən̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ əˈl̪ʲan̪ˠuː əʃˈt̪ʲax ən̪ˠəˈhiː ɛɾʲəˈgahiːɾʲ/
cuir-ann Seán an.t=leanbh isteach i.E=a.L=suí ar.L=an.E=cathaoir
put-PRS John DEF.M=child inside in=his=sit.VBN on=DEF.DAT=chair
John sits the child on the chair.

Bíonn Seán ina sheasamh ar an urlár.
/bʲiːn̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ ən̪ˠəˈças̪ˠə ɛɾʲəˈn̪ˠʊɾˠl̪ˠɑːɾˠ/
bí-ann Seán i.E=a.L=seasamh ar.L=an.Ø=urlár
be-PRS John in=his=stand.VBN on=DEF.M.DAT=floor
John is standing on the floor.

Seasann Seán suas.
/ʃas̪ˠən̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ s̪ˠʊəs̪ˠ/
seas-ann Seán suas
stand-PRS John up
John stands up.

Cuireann Seán an leabhar ar an seilf.
/ˈkʊɾʲən̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ əˈl̪ʲauɾˠ ɛɾʲəˈʃɛl̪ˠfʲ/
cuir-ann Seán an.t=leabhar ar.L=an.E=seilf
put-PRS John DEF.M=book on=DEF.DAT=shelf
John puts the book on the shelf.

Bíonn an pictiúr ina chrochamh ar an mballa.
/bʲiːn̪ˠ əˈpʲict̪ʲʊɾˠ ən̪ˠəˈxɾˠɔxə ɛɾʲəˈmˠɑːl̪ˠə/
bí-ann an.t=pictiúr i.E=a.L=crochamh ar.L=an.E=balla
put-PRS DEF.M=picture in=his=hang.VBN on=DEF.DAT=wall
The picture is hanging on the wall.

Coinníonn an leanbh lámh na máthar dó.
/ˈkɔn̪ʲiːn̪ˠ əˈl̪ʲan̪ˠuː l̪ˠɑːw n̪ˠəˈmˠɑːhəɾˠ d̪ˠoː/
coinn-ann an.t=leanbh lámh na.h=máthar dó
hold-PRS DEF.M=child hand DEF.F.GEN=mother.GEN to.him
The child is holding his mother's hand.

Cuireann Seán an pictiúr isteach ina chrochamh ar an mballa.
/ˈkʊɾʲən̪ˠ ʃɑːn̪ˠ əˈpʲict̪ʲʊɾˠ əʃˈt̪ʲax ən̪ˠəˈxɾˠɔxə ɛɾʲəˈmˠɑːl̪ˠə/
cuir-ann Seán an.t=pictiúr isteach i.E=a.L=crochamh ar.L=an.E=balla
put-PRS John DEF.M=picture inside in=his=hang.VBN on=DEF.M.DAT=wall
Sean hangs the picture on the wall.

----

I've really gone all out for this one.
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Click
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Click »

:hrv: Croatian

Ivan leži u krevetu.
ivan-ø leg-i u krevet-u
john-NOM lie.IPFV-3SG.PRS in bed-LOC
John is lying in bed.

Ivan legne.
ivan-ø legn-e
john-NOM lie.PFV-3SG.PRS
John lies down.

Ivan stavi knjigu na policu.
ivan-ø stav-i knjig-u na polic-u
john-NOM put.PFV-3SG.PRS book-ACC on shelf-ACC
John lays the book on the shelf.

Ivan sjedi na stolici.
ivan-ø sjed-i na stolic-i
john-NOM sit.IPFV-3SG.PRS on chair-LOC
John is sitting on the chair.

Ivan sjedne na stolicu.
ivan-ø sjedn-e na stolic-u
john-NOM sit.PFV-3SG.PRS on chair-ACC
John sits down on the chair.

Ivan posjedne dijete na stolicu.
ivan-ø posjedn-e dijet-e na stolic-u
john-NOM seat.PFV-3SG.PRS child-ACC on chair-ACC
John seats the child on the chair.

Ivan stoji na podu.
ivan-ø stoj-i na pod-u
john-NOM stand.IPFV-3SG.PRS on floor-LOC
John is standing on the floor.

Ivan ustane.
ivan-ø ustan-e
john-NOM stand_up.PFV-3SG.PRS
John stands up.

Ivan stavi knjigu na policu.
ivan-ø stav-i knjig-u na polic-u
john-NOM put.PFV-3SG.PRS book-ACC on shelf-ACC
John puts the book on the shelf.

Slika visi na zidu.
slik-a vis-i na zid-u
picture-NOM hang.IPFV-3SG.PRS on wall-LOC
The picture is hanging on the wall.

Djevojčica se objesi na majčinu ruku.
djevojčic-a se objes-i na majčin-u ruk-u
girl-NOM REFL hang.PFV-3SG.PRS on mother’s-ACC arm-ACC
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.

Ivan objesi sliku na zid.
ivan-ø objes-i slik-u na zid-ø
john-NOM hang.PFV-3SG.PRS picture-ACC on wall-ACC
John hangs the picture on the wall.
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Thrice Xandvii
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Thrice Xandvii »

:con: Sijaam Tû

Kajaam hwi Janûm kama rá.
{to_lie PROG John.AGT bed.PAT LOC}
John is lying in bed.

Kajaam Janûm gam kû.
{to_lie John.AGT REFL 3SG.MASC.PAT}
John lies down.

Fûnájaam Janûm ma sjansa saná rá.
{to_place John.AGT SGV book.PAT shelf LOC}
John lays the/a book on the shelf.

Siwajaam hwi Janûm siwa rá.
{to_sit PROG John.AGT chair.PAT LOC}
John is sitting on the chair.

Siwajaam Janûm gam kû siwa rá.
{to_sit John.AGT REFL 3SG.MASC.PAT chair LOC}
John sits down on the chair.

Rûm siwajaam Janûm ma suûta siwa rá.
{CAUS to_sit John.AGT SGV child.PAT chair LOC}
John seats the/a child on the chair.

Fûnájaam hwi Janûm gam kû baa rá.
{to_place/stand PROG John.AGT REFL 3SG.MASC.PAT floor/ground LOC}
John is standing on the floor.

Rûm fûnájaam Janûm gam kû.
{CAUS to_place/stand John.AGT REFL 3SG.MASC.PAT}
John stands up.

(Rûm) Fûnájaam Janûm ma sjansa (gam sa) saná rá.
{(CAUS) to_place/stand John.AGT SGV book.PAT (REFL 3SG.NEUT) shelf LOC}*
John puts the book on the shelf (in a standing position).

Hanjan** kaa á ma dibûm pá rá .
{to_hang-AVOL STAT Ø.PAT SGV drawing.AGT wall LOC}
The drawing is hanging on the wall.

Hanjaam ma suûta ma wafyjá dá jamta rá.
{to_hang SGV child.AGT upper.limb.PAT GEN mother LOC}
The/a child hangs on to the/a mother's arm.

Hanjaam Janûm ma dibûm pá rá
{to_hang John.AGT SGV drawing wall LOC}
John hangs the drawing on the wall.
Spoiler:
* = This one was tricky for me. Since I have the same verb acting as to put/place as well as to stand (the difference being that "to stand" takes a reflexive patient, literally "to stand oneself"). Further complicated by the fact that the causative could be used here... and certainly would be if the patient were sentient, but in the case of a book? Is John really "making" the book stand? Yes, but the reflexivity might just cover that. As such, I am not sure how best to render this one.

** = <jan> is typically an indicator of lack of volition, so in this case, I think it fits here, in the next few examples, <jaam> would be used since it carries a much more intentional meaning. Of course, <jan> also engenders a change in word order, flipping agent for patient.

Just a general note: if anyone happens to notice that I have rendered any of these in a woefully inconsistant or strange manner, please let me know (either by reply or in a PM). This is literally the first time I have attempted sentences like these with Sijaam Tû and its grammar is still... experimental.
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by clawgrip »

:jpn: Japanese

ジョンがベッドに横になっている。
Jon ga beddo ni yoko ni natte iru.

John NOM bed DAT side DAT become-CONJ exist
John is lying in bed.

ジョンが横になる。
Jon ga yoko ni naru.

John NOM bed LOC side DAT become
John lies down.

ジョンが棚に本を置く。
Jon ga tana ni hon o oku.

John NOM shelf DAT book ACC place
John lays the book on the shelf.

The first two sentences use the idiomatic verb phrase yoko ni naru which means "lie down". The last one uses oku which means "place" or "put down"


ジョンが椅子に座っている。
Jon ga isu ni suwatte iru.

John NOM chair DAT sit-CONJ exist
John is sitting on the chair.

ジョンが椅子に座る。
Jon ga isu ni suwaru.

John NOM chair DAT sit
John sits down on the chair.

ジョンが子供を椅子に座らせる。
Jon ga kodomo o isu ni suwaraseru.

John NOM child ACC chair DAT sit-CAUS
John seats the child on the chair.

The third sentence uses suwaraseru, which is the causative form of suwaru "sit"


ジョンが床に立っている。
Jon ga yuka ni tatte iru.

John NOM floor DAT stand-CONJ exist
John is standing on the floor.

ジョンが立ち上がる。
Jon ga tachiagaru.

John NOM stand-ADV-rise
John stands up.

ジョンが本を棚に立たせる。
Jon ga hon o tana ni tataseru.

John NOM book ACC shelf DAT stand-CAUS
John puts the book on the shelf (in a standing position).

Japanese uses a compound verb, tachiagaru for "stand up". The third sentence uses tataseru, which is the causative of tatsu "stand"

絵が壁にかかっている。
E ga kabe ni kakatte iru.

picture NOM wall DAT hang-INTR-CONJ exist
The picture is hanging on the wall.

子供がお母さんの腕に抱きつく。
Kodomo ga okāsan no ude ni dakitsuku.

child NOM mother GEN arm DAT hug-ADV-attach
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.

ジョンが絵を壁にかける。
Jon ga e o kabe ni kakeru.

John NOM picture ACC wall DAT hang.TR
John hangs the picture on the wall.

The second sentence uses dakitsuku "cling to; hold on to with both arms" which is a compound of daku "hug" and tsuku "stick to". The third sentence uses kakeru "hang (tr)" which is the transitive form of kakaru "hang (intr)", used in the first sentence. Although the formation of transitive/intransitive verb pairs can in many cases be easily analyzed, they are determined lexically rather than grammatically and must be learned independently.
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Creyeditor »

Ceresz wrote:How about a gloss for the German translation?
:deu: German

John lieg-t im Bett.
john lie-3.SG in.M.SG.DAT bed
John is lying in bed.

John leg-t sich hin.
john lay-3.SG REFLEXIVE thither
John lies down.

John leg-t das Buch auf das Regal.
john lay-3.SG DEF.N.SG.ACC book on DEF.N.SG.ACC shelf
John lays the book on the shelf.

John sitz-t auf dem Stuhl.
john sit-3.SG on DEF.M.SG.DAT chair
John is sitting on the chair.

John setz-t sich auf den Stuhl.
john seat-3.SG REFLEXIVE on DEF.M.SG.ACC chair
John sits down on the chair.

John setz-t das Kind auf den Stuhl.
john seat-3.SG DEF.N.SG.ACC child on DEF.M.SG.ACC chair
John seats the child on the chair.

John steh-t auf dem Boden.
john stand-3.SG on DEF.M.SG.DAT floor
John is standing on the floor.

John steh-t auf.
john stand-3.SG up
John stands up.

John stell-t sich hin.
john place-3.SG REFLEXIVE thither
John stands up.

John stell-t das Buch auf das Regal.
john place-3.SG DEF.N.SG.ACC book on DEF.N.SG.ACC shelf
John puts the book on the shelf (in a standing position).

Das Bild häng-t an der Wand.
DEF.N.SG.NOM picture hang-3.SG on DEF.F.SG.DAT wall
The picture is hanging on the wall.

Das Kind häng-t sich an den Arm sein-er Mutter.
DEF.N.SG.NOM child hang-3.SG REFLEXIVE on DEF.M.SG.ACC 3.N.SG.POSSESSOR-3.F.SG.POSSESSUM mother
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.

John häng-t das Bild an die Wand.
john hang-3.SG DEF.N.SG.ACC picture on DEF.F.SG.ACC wall
John hangs the picture on the wall.
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Omzinesý »

:fin: Finnish, like every language, has several ways to express these relations. I only translate two sentences, because in them the difference between state and movement is very simple. This is not the only way to express that.

John is sitting on the chair.
John istuu tolilla.
John sits on.chair

John sits down on the chair.
John istuu tuolille.
John sits onto.chair
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Iyionaku »

:chn: Mandarin (attempt)

张躺着在床上。
Zhāng tǎngzhe zài chuáng shàng.
John lie-PROG at bed on_top
Zhang is lying in bed.

张躺下。
Zhāng tǎngxià.
John lie_down
Zhang lies down.

张把书放在架子上。
Zhāng bǎ shū fāng zài jiàzi shàng.
John ACC book put at shelf on_top
Zhang lays the book on the shelf.

张坐着在椅子上。
Zhāng zuòzhe zài yǐzi shàng.
John sit-PROG at chair on_top
Zhang sits on the chair.

张在椅子上坐下。
Zhāng zài yǐzi shàng zuòxià.
John at chair on_top sit_down
Zhang sits down on the chair.

张让孩子坐在椅子上。
Zhāng ràng háizi zuò zài yǐzi shàng.
John make child sit at chair on_top
John seats the child on the floor.

张站着在地板上。
Zhāng zhànzhe zài dìbǎn shàng.
John stand-PROG at floor on_top
Zhang stands on the floor.

张站起来。
Zhāng zhàn qǐlái.
John stand come_up
John stands up.

张把书竖立在架子上。
Zhāng bǎ shū shùlì zài jiàzi shàng.
Zhang ACC book erect at shelf on_top
John puts the book upright at the shelf.

画吊着在墙。
Huà diàozhe zài qiáng.
picture hang-PROG at wall
The picture is hanging on the wall.

孩子在母的胳膊上吊着。
Háizi zài mǔ de gēbo shàng diàozhe.
child at mother GEN arm on_top hang-PROG
The child hangs on his mother's arm.

张把画挂在墙。
Zhāng bǎ huà guà zài qiáng
John ACC picture hang at wall
Zhang hangs the picture on the wall.
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Imralu »

:tan: Swahili

Swahili has a preponderance of inchoative verbs rather than stative verbs (although, confusingly as fuck, these are usually called stative in learner materials). To be used as stative verbs, they are put in the perfect. For example kusimama means "to assume a standing position" (and NOT "to be in a standing position"), but to say someone is standing (statively), you just say that they have stood up. To change between transitive and intransitive, either a causative suffix is added to an inherently intransitive verb, or a mediopassive suffix is added to a transitive root.

Yohana amelala kitandani
Yohana a-me-lal(a) kitanda-ni
John CL1-PRF-lie-down bed-LOC
John is lying in bed.

Yohana analala.
Yohana a-na-lal(a)
John CL1-PRES-lie-down
John lies down.

Yohana anaweka kitabu kwenye rafu (kilale).
Yohana a-na-wek(a) kitabu kwenye rafu (ki-lal(a)-e)
John CL1-PRES-put (CL7)book LOC (CL9)shelf (CL7-lie.down-SBJV)
John puts the book on the shelf (so that it lies down).

There is a causative of -lala, that being -laza, but that is generally used to talk about accommodating people or putting them in hospital. Normally you'd just use -weka "put", but if you really had to indicate the book's position, then kilale seems like the most reasonable thing to me.

Yohana amekaa kwenye kiti.
Yohana a-me-ka(a) kwenye kiti
John CL1-PRF-sit.down LOC chair
John is sitting on the chair.

Yohana anakaa kwenye kiti.
Yohana a-na-ka(a) kwenye kiti
John CL1-PRES-sit.down LOC chair
John sits down on the chair.

Yohana anamkalisha mtoto kwenye kiti.
Yohana a-na-m-ka(a)-lish(a) mtoto kwenye kiti
John CL1-PRF-CL1.OBJ-sit.down-CAUS (CL1)child LOC chair
John seats the child on the chair.

Yohana amesimama sakafuni.
Yohana a-me-simam(a) sakafu-ni
John CL1-PRF-stand.up floor-LOC
John is standing on the floor.

Yohana anasimama
Yohana a-na-simam(a)
John CL1-PRES-stand.up
John stands up.

Yohana anaweka kitabu kwenye rafu (kisimame).
Yohana a-na-wek(a) kitabu kwenye rafu (ki-simam(a)-e)
John CL1-PRES-put (CL7)book LOC (CL9)shelf (CL7-stand.up-SBJV)
John puts the book on the shelf (so that it stands up).

Picha imetundikika ukutani.
picha i-me-tundik(a)-ik(a) ukuta-ni
(CL9)picture CL9-PRF-hang(TR)-MEDIOPASS wall-LOC
The picture is hanging on the wall.

Mtoto ameshikilia mkono wa mamake.
mtoto a-me-shikili(a) mkono w-a mama y-ake
(CL1)child CL1-PRF-hold.onto (CL3)arm CL3-GEN (CL9)mother CL9-GEN.3S.ANIM
The child hangs on to her mother's arm. (Stative)
  • Mtoto anashikilia mkono wa mamake.
    mtoto a-na-shikili(a) mkono w-a mama y-ake
    (CL1)child CL1-PRES-hold.onto (CL3)arm CL3-GEN (CL9)mother CL9-GEN.3S.ANIM
    The child hangs on to her mother's arm. (Inchoative)
Yohana anatundika picha ukutani
Yohana a-na-tundik(a) picha ukuta-ni
John CL1-PRES-hang(TR) (CL9)picture wall-LOC
John hangs the picture on the wall.
Glossing Abbreviations: COMP = comparative, C = complementiser, ACS / ICS = accessible / inaccessible, GDV = gerundive, SPEC / NSPC = specific / non-specific, AG = agent, E = entity (person, animal, thing)
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by k1234567890y »

:con: Lonmai Luna

In Lonmai Luna, transitivity is strictly distinguished, there are basically no ambitransitive verbs; besides, the dynamic and the stative forms of a verb can be different, and sometimes suppletive.

alen Djon epalka lir e on mepo
PND John lie inside at the bed
John is lying in bed.

alen Djon palka
PND John lie.down
John lies down.

alen Djon sipalka on bahi oli on kulosit
PND John lay the book to the shelf
John lays the book on the shelf.

alen Djon ro kor e on yuhor
PND John sit above at the chair
John is sitting on the chair.

alen Djon roso kor oli on yuhor
PND John sit.down above to the chair
John sits down on the chair.

alen Djon gairo on ice kor oli on yuhor
PND John seat the child above to the chair
John seats the child on the chair.

alen Djon sato kor e on eham
PND John stand above at the floor
John is standing on the floor.

alen Djon basto
PND John stand.up
John stands up.

alen Djon gaisato on bahi e on kulosit
PND John put the book at the shelf
John puts the book on the shelf.

on nor goput kor e on balak
the picture be.hanging above at the wall
The picture is hanging on the wall.

on ice baigoput kor oli on inti imai on celo-dala
the child hang above to the arm of the parent-3.SG
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.

alen Djon gaigoput on nor kor oli on balak
PND John hang the picture above to the wall
John hangs the picture on the wall.
I prefer to not be referred to with masculine pronouns and nouns such as “he/him/his”.
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Iyionaku »

:con: Yélian

For these "change of state" verbs, Yélian has a rather odd construction that isn't found anywhere else in the language. The intransitive, stative part is one verb in direct voice, the reflexive meaning is conveyed by the same verb in inverse voice. However, the transitive meaning usually is a different verb, even though it's usually from the same root.

Jòin ebiet pas paran.
PROP lie-3SG on bed
John is lying in bed.

Jòin ebit.
PROP lie-INV.3SG.ANIM
John lies down.

Jòin abét u'riur pas ríurzat.
PROP lay-3SG DEF.INAN=book on bookshelf
John lays the book on the shelf.

Jòin apuet pas otas.
PROP sit-3SG on chair
John is sitting on the chair.

Jòin apuit pas otas.
PROP sit-INV.3SG.ANIM on chair
John sits down on the chair.

Jòin pudet an'îyi pas otas.
PROP seat-3SG DEF.ANIM=child on chair
John seats the child on the chair.

Jòin naytet pas pastor.
PROP stand-3SG on floor
John is standing on the floor.

Jòin linaytet.
PROP stand_up-3SG
John stands up.

Jòin linabét u'riur pas ríurcat. (Northern standard)
Jòin vezet u'riur pas ríurzat. (Southern standard)
PROP stand-3SG DEF.INAN=book on bookshelf
John puts the book on the shelf (in a standing position)

Un'alan caldet iy ipus.
DEF.INAN=picture hang-3SG out_of wall
The picture is hanging from the wall.

An'iyi caldet iy iyrit o'tao méva.
DEF.ANIM=child hang out_of arm DEF.GEN=3SG.FEM.GEN mother
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.

Jòin lovmet un'alan pès ipus.
PROP hang-3SG DEF.INAN=picture towards wall
John hangs the picture on the wall.
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by Reyzadren »

:con: griuskant (without the conscript)

jon jiaka vuzh dauk.
/'dʒɔn 'dʒiaka vuʒ 'dauk/
John liedown-V at bed

jon jiaka.
/'dʒɔn 'dʒiaka/
John liedown-V
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Re: stand lie sit hang

Post by kiwikami »

Alál

Mtuítaı maılxuaı Ẓaìḳ.
[m̩ˈtvidǝj ˈmǝjɬxfǝj t͡ʃʕeŋ]
lie.prone<3.3>-DUR-VOL.ACT bed<3-PAT> John<AGT>
John is lying in bed.

Mtıutsuta Ẓaìḳ.
[m̩ˈtjotsʊd t͡ʃʕeŋ]
lie.prone<3>-INCP-VOL.ACT John<AGT>
John lies down.

Úmtuítxaàs ımàıẓ lıúr Ẓaìḳ.
[vumˈtvitxɑs ɪˈmɑjʃ ɬjuɾ t͡ʃʕeŋ]
CAUS-lie.prone<3.3>-BEN-CONC-VOL.CAUS shelf<OBL> book<PAT> John<AGT>
John lays the book on the shelf.
Taísaı ımùıt Ẓaìḳ.
[ˈtʰizǝj ɪˈmjot t͡ʃʕeŋ]
be.at<3>-DUR-VOL.ACT chair<3.PAT> John<AGT>
John is sitting on the chair.

Taíssata ımùıt Ẓaìḳ.
[ˈtʰisǝd ɪˈmjot t͡ʃʕeŋ]
be.at<3>-INCP-VOL.ACT chair<3.PAT> John<AGT>
John sits down on the chair.

Aútaísxaàs ımàıt kıús Ẓaìḳ.
[huˈtʰisxɑs ɪˈmɑjt kjus t͡ʃʕeŋ]
CAUS-be.at<3.3>-BEN-CONC-VOL.CAUS chair<OBL> child<PAT> John.<AGT>
John seats the child on the chair.
Saılkàmaaı satu Ẓaìḳ.
[sǝjɬˈkɑmǝhɪ ˈsɑdʊ t͡ʃʕeŋ]
stand<3>-on.top-DUR-VOL.ACT floor<OBL> John<AGT>
John is standing on the floor.

Saılsata Ẓaìḳ.
[ˈsǝjɬsǝd t͡ʃʕeŋ]
stand<3>-INCP-VOL.ACT John<AGT>
John stands up.

Aútaísxaàs ımàıẓ lıúr Ẓaìḳ.
[huˈtʰisxɑs ɪˈmɑjʃ ɬjuɾ t͡ʃʕeŋ]
CAUS-be.at<3.3>-BEN-CONC-VOL.CAUS shelf<OBL> book<PAT> John<AGT>
John puts the book on the shelf (in a standing position).

A note: You could use 'stand' here, Aúsaìlkàmaıs ımàıẓ lıúr Ẓaìḳ, but that really has the implication of precariously balancing a book on its end.
Taíshakmaı tlıúz kaıta·klísa.
[ˈtʰisçǝkmǝj tɬjuʃ kǝjdakˈɬiz]
be.at<3.3>-vertical.contact-DUR wall<PAT> picture<AGT>
The picture is hanging on the wall.

Zaîḷhakamaaı xa·zaḷa ḳuıuàu kaıs.
[ʃʕit͡ɬˈçɑgǝmǝhɪ xɑ ʃɑɮ ŋojˈvɑv kǝjs]
dangle.from<3.3>-DUR-VOL.ACT BEN arm<OBL> mother<3-OBL> child<AGT>
The child hangs on to her mother's arm.

Taísxahkamaı tlazı kaúta·klùsa Ẓaìḳ.
[ˈtʰisxǝçkǝmǝj ˈtɬɑʒɪ kʰudǝkˈɬoz t͡ʃʕeŋ]
be.at<3.3>-BEN-vertical.contact-DUR wall<OBL> picture<PAT> John<AGT>
John hangs the picture on the wall.
This was a good excuse to coin the informal terms for 'mother' and 'father'. In extremely formal contexts, such as birth certificates or legal proceedings, they are Tıùhùrmuk(ı|-|à)uaı and Tıùhḳùmuk(ı|-|à)uaı respectively, literally 'one who carries within' and 'one who carries outside (of oneself)'. Informally, they are íur|uàur|uùr [ivɾ|vɑvɾ|voɾ] and ḳíu|uḳàu|uḳù [ŋiv|ʊˈŋɑv|ʊˈŋo] respectively.
Edit: Substituted a string instrument for a French interjection.

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