Caber Logograms

A forum for all topics related to constructed languages
shimobaatar
korean
korean
Posts: 10373
Joined: 12 Jul 2013 23:09
Location: UTC-04:00

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by shimobaatar »

Linguifex wrote:Yes. Sorry, I was unclear about that.
Oh, no, you're fine, I just wanted to make sure I understood.
Linguifex wrote: An entry from Gary Shannon's list of derivational operations:
The formatting is probably incorrect here, but Gary Shannon wrote:I. From VERB.
A. VERB To VERB.
1. Exchange patient and agent.
a. to teach -> to learn
b. to lend -> to borrow
If you're on CONLANG-L, you can ask him to send you a copy—I'm not sure if it's on the Internet anymore.
Ahh, cool. I'm afraid I'm not on there, but if I ever join, I'll try to remember to look/ask for it.
Linguifex wrote: Thinking of redoing the sound changes for East Caber a bit to introduce lateral fricatives and a bit more alterations in the vowels.
Linguifex wrote:A few more derivational affixes
[+1]
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Compounds

Noun-noun compounds are formed by simply attaching both nouns. Only the head noun takes any inflection.

gather 'magic' + ip 'man' > gatherip 'shaman, warlock' ("magic-man")
gather 'magic' + soćur 'woman' > gathersoćur 'witch' ("magic-woman")
cưfe 'shield' + ćucơh 'chain' > cưfećucơh 'defensive formation' ("shield-chain")
sućumi 'knee' + ưčo 'eye' > sućumiưčo 'kneecap'
damba 'joint, bend' + sihca 'corner' > dambasihca 'switchback, point in a road where it doubles back toward itself'

Adjective-noun compounds are also permitted:

sar 'sad' + śuśur 'grass' > sarśuśur 'type of grass'

Common Caber also permits verb-verb compounds. The verb ưtua 'consider' is a good example of this.

iasci 'read' + ưtua 'consider' > iasciưtua 'consider reading, think about reading, intend to read'
mu 'swap, switch' + ưtua 'consider' > muưtua 'consider switching, think about switching, intend to switch'
miep 'prop up' + ưtua 'consider' > miepưtua 'consider propping up, think about propping up, intend to prop up'
hưr 'speak, say' + ưtua 'consider' > hưrưtua 'consider speaking/saying, think about speaking/saying, intend to speak/say'
bes 'choose' + ưtua 'consider' > besưtua 'consider choosing, think about choosing, intend to choose'

Compounding is not limited to this verb, though the results are often somewhat idiomatic:

edren 'complain' + '(do) work' > edrenoś 'acquiesce'
ma 'glow' + cơpaw 'explode' > macơpaw 'explode in a fireball; explode (of fireworks)'
machi 'hunt' + camnon 'compel, force' > machicamnon 'force to hunt, compel to hunt, make someone hunt'
'(do) work' + ưś 'hinder' > ośưś 'interrupt (someone doing something), break someone's concentration'
hưr 'speak, say' + ưś 'hinder' > hưrưś 'interrupt, shout down'

Some compounds have their own dedicated characters (gatherip 'shaman, warlock' and gathersoćur 'witch' come to mind here), but many are written using both of their respective characters in sequence.

Adverbs

Adverbs modifying verbs take the suffix -bo.

sar 'sad' > sarbo 'sadly'

Adverbs modifying adjectives or other adverbs take the suffix -be:

famơw 'light, pale' > famơwbe 'light, pale' (as in famơwbe mihgơ 'light green')

The delocative

The suffix -(V)nme turns nouns referring to locations into verbs characteristic of what goes on in that location.

ǧư 'shop, bazaar' > ǧưnme 'bargain, haggle'
camno 'pasture' > camnonme 'graze'
aćam 'forehead' > aćamanme 'blink'
nuc 'volcano' > nucunme 'erupt (of a volcano)'
rưn 'grove, stand of trees' > rưnưnme 'log, cut down trees for wood'

The Taltic substrate in Caber

The Taltic languages have left noticeable substrate effects in Common Caber, especially in those dialects that became North and Eastern Caber.

Taltic 2 debɔgogo 'your two shoes' > Common Caber debogogo 'type of shoe'
Taltic 2 dleʑap 'his grave' > Common Caber dơrśap 'grave marker, tombstone'
Taltic 3 nages 'my basket' > Common Caber nages 'type of basket used in picking fruit or herbs or in hunting shellfish'
Taltic 4 kskʷɔtɔtː 'your (pl.) house' > Common Caber ưscotot 'estate'
Taltic 4 ist 'ring (jewelry)' > Common Caber isit 'ring with an inset stone'
Taltic 5 tɕʷɯ 'fall' > Common Caber ćư 'wipe out, take a bad fall'

Noun incorporation

A process that really didn't occur in Common Caber (beyond the occasional compound), but that I am considering developing for some of the daughter languages, is noun incorporation. Going by Marianne Mithun's 1984 paper "The Evolution of Noun Incorporation", this is the degree to which I envision noun incorporation in the "modern" Caber languages:
  • North Caber: Type II.
  • East Caber (Northeast and Southeast): Type II, possibly type III.
  • Central Caber: Type III, possibly type IV.
  • Southern Caber: Type II for South Caber, Type I for Extreme Southern Caber.
  • Mute Caber will probably have stalled out early on in Type I, with fossilized compounds remaining.
In North Caber, Central Caber, and possibly East Caber, I'm thinking of having this end up affecting the word order—in East Caber, pronominal objects will appear before the verb (similar to French). In Central Caber this may shift to all objects, with the definite marker a becoming either an accusative or a prefix for many freestanding nouns (like ka- or o- in Oneida, with words that do not take these prefixes generally being specific and unable to incorporate). I'm not sure to what extent this would happen in North Caber—probably at least to the extent of East Caber's word-order shift, but I'm not sure if I want it to go as far as it does in Central Caber.
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Wandering Caber

Thinking of developing a Caber language that was spoken in an area to the southwest, now dominated by the Tlar Canà languages. This language either died out five hundred years before the year of the setting or continues on as a minority language, I'm not sure which.

Changes from Common Caber to five hundred years prior to the setting:

a → ɔ / _K
b d g → w l Ø / V_V
x → s / _K
ɕ ʑ tɕ dʑ→ ʃ ʒ tʃ dʒ
t d s z ts dz → tʲ dʲ ʃ ʒ tʃ dʒ / _{u,ɨ,i}
l ɾ → ʎ j / _{u,ɨ,i}
k g x → kʲ gʲ xʲ → c ɟ j / _{u,ɨ,i}
ɔ ə ɛ → u ɨ i
w → j / _V
uˈV ˈVu {ɨ,i}ˈV ˈV{i,ɨ} → wV Vw jV Vj
Ba aB {ɨ,i}a a{ɨ,i} → wa aw ja aj
ww jj → v dʒ
u ɨ i → ɔ ə ɛ / _{w,j}
u ɨ i → ɔ ə ɛ / {w,j}_
V(w,j)N → V̀(w,j) / ! _V
V(w,j){S[+ voice],l,ʎ,ɾ} → V̀(w,j)ʔ / ! _V
V(w,j)F → V(w,j)h → V́(w,j) / ! _V
V(w,j)S[-voice] → V́(w,j)ʔ / ! _V
x → h / V_V
x → k / #_
x → Ø
ɨ → ə
t(ʲ) d(ʲ) ts dz → ʔ ɦ t d
ʔb ʔd ʔɟ ʔg → ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ
C[- voice]V̀ C[- voice]V́ → CV̄ CV́ (/w j/ do not count as consonants for the purpose of this rule)
C[+voice]V̀ C[+ voice]V́ → CV̀ CV̌ (/w j/ do not count as consonants for the purpose of this rule)
C → C[+ voice] / V_V
ʔ → Ø / _C
ə → a

Ǧoso do śe har caber ru bưfec rưi čosod.
[d͜zɔsɔ dɔ ɕɛ xaɾ kabɛɾ ɾu bɨfɛk ɾɨi t͜sɔsɔd] → [dǔzú ɦǔ ʃí kāʔ kájɛ̀ʔ jú bǎvíʔ dʒǐ túzūʔ]
Caber gat ec ưǧo not śe bưf śe do ǧoso tama.
[kabɛɾ gat ɛk ɨd͜zɔ nɔt ɕɛ bɨf ɕɛ dɔ d͜zɔsɔ tama] → [kájɛ̀ʔ gǎʔ íʔ áʔú nǔʔ ʃí bǎ ʃí ɦǔ dǔzú ʔámá]
Rin. Rin. Rin. Rin. Rin. Rin. Rin.
[ɾin ɾin ɾin ɾin ɾin ɾin ɾin] → [jɛ̀ jɛ̀ jɛ̀ jɛ̀ jɛ̀ jɛ̀ jɛ̀]
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

The collective plural

The collective plural in Common Caber was marked using a suffix -(V)r, where V is an epenthetic echo vowel appearing if a cluster would be created word-finally. In most branches of Caber it has fallen out of use, remaining only on some nouns (like "Caber").

cabe 'person' > caber 'people; Caber'
nuơc 'road' > nuơcơr 'all the roads, roads in general, roads as a whole'
besrơ 'mountain' > besrơr 'all the mountains, mountains in general, mountains as a whole'
caơ 'bean' > caơr 'all the beans, beans in general, beans as a whole'
ǧubśư 'place, area' > ǧubśưr 'everywhere'
gum 'pennant, flag' > gumur 'all the flags, flags in general, flags as a whole'

The past tense

The past tense is typically marked using a suffix -če; if an affricate already ends the word, it is replaced. Certain vowel-final verbs mark it using -t, but this is rare.

rin 'kill' > rinče 'killed'
tama 'give back, give in return' > tamače 'gave back, gave in return'
ćơr 'give birth' > ćơrče 'gave birth'
ǵơn 'die' > ǵơnče 'died'
sơdri 'bounce' > sơdriče 'bounced'
otgoć 'hit, fight with' > otgoče 'hit, fought with'
ưmư 'paint, write' > ưmưče 'painted, wrote'
goč 'learn' > goče 'learned'

me 'go, leave' > met 'went, left'
ci 'arrive, get somewhere' > cit 'arrived, got somewhere'
iści 'mix' > iścit 'mixed'
repću 'speak, say' > repćut 'spoke, said'

The verb robe 'hit with the head, headbutt' is an anomaly. North, East, and Central Caber inherited the ending -če for the past tense of this verb, whereas the other branches inherited the form with the past tense in -t.
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

(a)n-: Characteristic passive

This is like s(o)-, except it has a passive sense. The n assimilates to a following obstruent.

edren 'complain' > nedren 'problem, issue'
iscip 'punish' > niscip 'someone who has a judgment carried out against them'
dơs 'drop, let go of' > andơs 'refuse, garbage'
repću 'speak, say' > anrepću 'speech, language instinct'
ǧan 'sing' > anǧan 'song'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > ambaśam 'bone of contention'
baw 'vomit' > ambaw 'vomitus'
fa 'blow' > amfa 'blast'
miśin 'hang' > anmiśin 'clothing'
ư 'suspend' > 'plumb bob, plumb line'
mafa 'cook (food)' > anmafa 'feast'

ưf-: Characteristic substances of actions

taran 'glue' > ưftaran 'glue'
suir 'shine (up)' > ưfsuir 'lacquer'
hưir 'chew' > ưfhưir 'saliva'
achar 'burn' > ưfachar 'firewood, kindling'

Participles

These may be subject to considerable revision. Participle tense is generally with respect to the primary verb.

ti-: Nonpast active participle

A sequence -ii- simplifies to -i-.

edren 'complain' > tiedren 'complainant, (someone) complaining'
iscip 'punish' > tiscip '(someone/something) punishing'
repću 'speak, say' > tirepću '(someone) speaking'
ǧan 'sing' > tiǧan '(someone) singing'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > tibaśam '(someone/something) looking for a fight'
baw 'vomit' > tibaw '(someone) vomiting'
mafa 'cook (food)' > anmafa '(someone) cooking'

om-/on-: Nonpast passive participle

The form om- is the basic form, with the nasal assimilating to a following consonant. A sequence -mm- simplifies to -m-.

iscip 'punish' > omiscip '(being) punished'
repću 'speak, say' > onrepću '(being) spoken'
ǧan 'sing' > onǧan '(being) sung'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > ombaśam '(being) instigated'
baw 'vomit' > ombaw '(being) vomited up'
mafa 'cook (food)' > omafa '(being) cooked'

č(a)-: Past active participle

edren 'complain' > čedren '(who was) complaining'
iscip 'punish' > čiscip '(who was) punishing'
repću 'speak, say' > čarepću '(who was) speaking'
ǧan 'sing' > čaǧan '(who was) singing'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > čabaśam '(who was) looking for a fight'
baw 'vomit' > čabaw '(who was) vomiting'
mafa 'cook (food)' > čamafa '(who was) cooking'

ne-: Past passive participle

A sequence -ee- simplifies to a single -e-.

iscip 'punish' > neiscip 'punished'
repću 'speak, say' > nerepću 'spoken'
ǧan 'sing' > neǧan 'sung'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > nebaśam 'instigated'
baw 'vomit' > nebaw 'vomited up'
mafa 'cook (food)' > nemafa 'cooked'

(h)a-: Nonpast active circumstantial

A sequence aa- becomes ha-.

edren 'complain' > aedren '(while) complaining'
iscip 'punish' > aiscip '(while) punishing'
repću 'speak, say' > arepću '(while) speaking'
ǧan 'sing' > aǧan '(while) singing'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > abaśam '(while) looking for a fight'
baw 'vomit' > abaw '(while) vomiting'
mafa 'cook (food)' > amafa '(while) cooking'

ơ-/ư-: Nonpast passive circumstantial

This affix surfaces as ư- before ơ-.

iscip 'punish' > dơiscip '(having been) punished'
repću 'speak, say' > ơrepću '(having been) spoken'
ǧan 'sing' > ơǧan '(having been) sung'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > ơbaśam '(having been) instigated'
baw 'vomit' > ơbaw '(having been) vomited up'
mafa 'cook (food)' > ơmafa '(having been) cooked'

hư-: Past active circumstantial

edren 'complain' > hưedren '(while) complaining'
iscip 'punish' > hưiscip '(while) punishing'
repću 'speak, say' > hưrepću '(while) speaking'
ǧan 'sing' > hưǧan '(while) singing'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > hưbaśam '(while) looking for a fight'
baw 'vomit' > hưbaw '(while) vomiting'
mafa 'cook (food)' > hưmafa '(while) cooking'

r(a)-: Past passive circumstantial

iscip 'punish' > riscip '(having been) punished'
repću 'speak, say' > rarepću '(having been) spoken'
ǧan 'sing' > raǧan '(having been) sung'
baśam 'pick a fight, instigate' > rabaśam '(having been) instigated'
baw 'vomit' > rabaw '(having been) vomited up'
mafa 'cook (food)' > ramafa '(having been) cooked'

Hưcioc, ota osćo.
hư-ci-oc ota osćo
PST.ACT.CIRC.PTCP-get.somewhere-PL take 3PL.M
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
shimobaatar
korean
korean
Posts: 10373
Joined: 12 Jul 2013 23:09
Location: UTC-04:00

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by shimobaatar »

Linguifex wrote:The verb ưtua 'consider' is a good example of this.
Spoiler:
iasci 'read' + ưtua 'consider' > iasciưtua 'consider reading, think about reading, intend to read'
mu 'swap, switch' + ưtua 'consider' > muưtua 'consider switching, think about switching, intend to switch'
miep 'prop up' + ưtua 'consider' > miepưtua 'consider propping up, think about propping up, intend to prop up'
hưr 'speak, say' + ưtua 'consider' > hưrưtua 'consider speaking/saying, think about speaking/saying, intend to speak/say'
bes 'choose' + ưtua 'consider' > besưtua 'consider choosing, think about choosing, intend to choose'
Everything you've written on compounding is great, but I think I like this part the most.
Linguifex wrote: Adverbs modifying verbs take the suffix -bo.
Linguifex wrote: Adverbs modifying adjectives or other adverbs take the suffix -be:
Interesting distinction! If you don't mind my asking, was there anything in particular that inspired this?
Linguifex wrote: The Taltic languages have left noticeable substrate effects in Common Caber, especially in those dialects that became North and Eastern Caber.
Spoiler:
Taltic 2 debɔgogo 'your two shoes' > Common Caber debogogo 'type of shoe'
Taltic 2 dleʑap 'his grave' > Common Caber dơrśap 'grave marker, tombstone'
Taltic 3 nages 'my basket' > Common Caber nages 'type of basket used in picking fruit or herbs or in hunting shellfish'
Taltic 4 kskʷɔtɔtː 'your (pl.) house' > Common Caber ưscotot 'estate'
Taltic 4 ist 'ring (jewelry)' > Common Caber isit 'ring with an inset stone'
Taltic 5 tɕʷɯ 'fall' > Common Caber ćư 'wipe out, take a bad fall'
I always love hearing about this kind of thing. I'll have to read more on the other family.
Linguifex wrote: A process that really didn't occur in Common Caber (beyond the occasional compound), but that I am considering developing for some of the daughter languages, is noun incorporation. Going by Marianne Mithun's 1984 paper "The Evolution of Noun Incorporation", this is the degree to which I envision noun incorporation in the "modern" Caber languages:
Spoiler:
  • North Caber: Type II.
  • East Caber (Northeast and Southeast): Type II, possibly type III.
  • Central Caber: Type III, possibly type IV.
  • Southern Caber: Type II for South Caber, Type I for Extreme Southern Caber.
  • Mute Caber will probably have stalled out early on in Type I, with fossilized compounds remaining.
In North Caber, Central Caber, and possibly East Caber, I'm thinking of having this end up affecting the word order—in East Caber, pronominal objects will appear before the verb (similar to French). In Central Caber this may shift to all objects, with the definite marker a becoming either an accusative or a prefix for many freestanding nouns (like ka- or o- in Oneida, with words that do not take these prefixes generally being specific and unable to incorporate). I'm not sure to what extent this would happen in North Caber—probably at least to the extent of East Caber's word-order shift, but I'm not sure if I want it to go as far as it does in Central Caber.
[+1]
Linguifex wrote:Thinking of developing a Caber language that was spoken in an area to the southwest, now dominated by the Tlar Canà languages. This language either died out five hundred years before the year of the setting or continues on as a minority language, I'm not sure which.
Looking good. I'd personally keep it around as a minority language, but that's just me.
Linguifex wrote: The collective plural in Common Caber was marked using a suffix -(V)r, where V is an epenthetic echo vowel appearing if a cluster would be created word-finally. In most branches of Caber it has fallen out of use, remaining only on some nouns (like "Caber").
Linguifex wrote: The verb robe 'hit with the head, headbutt' is an anomaly. North, East, and Central Caber inherited the ending -če for the past tense of this verb, whereas the other branches inherited the form with the past tense in -t.
Interesting.
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

A new batch of logograms:
Image

Top row: cưh 'remove, replace', dagư 'count, take stock of', ri 'fret, worry (about)', rưś 'be drunk'
Second row: hơnsi 'pass out, faint', birgeč 'window', nac 'opportunity', reidi 'chance, odds, luck'
Third row: caf 'mushroom, fungus', wantet 'knead (dough), massage', gaf 'lid, cover, top, cap', mơg 'throb'
Bottom row: fama 'pillow', cưsti 'thicket, patch of weeds', ưac 'chalk', cihal 'fake, deceptive, false'

Characters for the participles:
Image

Characters for derivational/inflectional morphemes:
Image
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Editing the sound changes for North Caber a bit…

Common Caber to Old North Caber

ɨ → ə / P_
ts dz s z k g x → tɕ dʑ ɕ ʑ ts dz ɕ / _{ɛ,i}
a → ə / _(C)(C){ɔ,ɛ}
{ɔ,ə,ɛ} → a / _ɾ
ɨ → i
VNV → ṼṼ
VN → Ṽ / _C
ɾ → Ø
ɔ ə ɛ → u ɨ i / _CCV(C)#
f → w / V_V
f → Ø
p b → ts dz / _i
z → ɾ / V_V
V → Ø / VC_# if both vowels are the same
V → Ø / V_ if both vowels are the same
u ɨ i → ɔ ə ɛ / _ɾ
u ɨ i → ɔ ə ɛ / #_
m n → Ø i / E_#
{t,d} → Ø / _#

Ǧoso do śe har caber ru bưfec rưi čosod. [d͜zɔsɔ dɔ ɕɛ xaɾ kabɛɾ ɾu bɨfɛk ɾɨi t͜sɔsɔd] → [d͜zɔs dɔ ɕɛ xa kəba ɔ bəwɛk ɛ t͜sɔsɔ]
Caber gat ec ưǧo not śe bưf śe do ǧoso tama. [kabɛɾ gat ɛk ɨd͜zɔ nɔt ɕɛ bɨf ɕɛ dɔ d͜zɔsɔ tama] → [kəba ga ɛk ɛd͜zɔ nɔ ɕɛ bə ɕɛ dɔ d͜zɔs tã]
Rin. Rin. Rin. Rin. Rin. Rin. Rin. [ɾin ɾin ɾin ɾin ɾin ɾin ɾin] → [ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯]

i 1SG → ɛ
ace 1PL → ətsɛ
o 2SG → ɔ
ba 2PL → ba
cơap 3SG.M → kəap
osćo 3SG.F → ustɕɔ
ơr 3PL.M → a
ćomư 3PL.F → tɕɔ̃ĩ

0 mɨgɨi → məgi
1 bɨkə → bək
2 bətɕi → bətɕi
3 dʑɛɕak → dʑɛɕak
4 ɾatsbɔtɕ → ɨtsbɔtɕ
5 ə → ə
6 ɕɛɨ → ɕɛi

Old North Caber to North Caber

ɔ ə ɛ → u ɨ i / _K
C[- voice] → C[+ voice] / V_V
V[- stress] → Ø
Ø → ə / #_RO
Voicing assimilation
ɕ ʑ tɕ dʑ → s z ts dz
VN → V[+ nasalized] / _#
m n → b d
x → ʃ
ɾ → d
{ɔ,ə,ɛ}i̯ → aɪ̯
{u,ɨ}i̯ ii̯ → əɪ̯ ɛi̯
ɨ → i / #(C)_
ɨ → ə
S → N / _Ṽ
Ø → n / {F,C[+ affricate]}_Ṽ
Ṽ → [-nasal]
ii̯ → i
u i → ɔʊ̯ ɛɪ̯ / #(P)(w)_K
ɔ ə a ɛ → u ɨ əɪ̯ i / {F,C[+affricate]}_#
ɔ ə ɛ → aʊ̯ əɪ̯ aɪ̯ / N_
F → Ø / _#

[d͜zɔs dɔ ɕɛ xa kəba ɔ bəwɛk ɛ t͜sɔsɔ] → [d͜zɔ dɔ si ʃəɪ̯ gba ɔ bwɛɪ̯k ɛ d͜zu]
[kəba ga ɛk ɛd͜zɔ nɔ ɕɛ bə ɕɛ dɔ d͜zɔs tã] → [gba ga ɛɪ̯k d͜zu naʊ̯ si bə si dɔ d͜zɔ na]
[ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯ ɛi̯] → [aɪ̯ aɪ̯ aɪ̯ aɪ̯ aɪ̯ aɪ̯ aɪ̯]

ɛ → ɛ
ətsɛ → dzi
ɔ → ɔ
ba → ba
kəap → kap
ustɕɔ → stsu
a → a
tɕɔ̃ĩ → tsni

məgi → əbgi
bək → bɛɪ̯k
bətɕi → bdzi
dʑɛɕak → dzak
ɨtsbɔtɕ → dzbɔts
ə → ə
ɕɛi → si
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
opipik
mayan
mayan
Posts: 1657
Joined: 12 Mar 2015 19:41

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by opipik »

Revised sound changes for Opipik's Caber, a branch of North Caber.
Spoiler:
ˈ//_
d͜z/ʣ/_
t͜s/ʦ/_
b/β/V_V
/ʔ/#_V
ə//#C_/_C#
/ə/#C_#
[fs]/h/_#
f/β/_
s/ʂ/_
ʣ/z/V_V
ʦ/s/V_V
ʣ/d̪/_
ʦ/t̪/_
tɕ/ɕ/_
dʑ/ʑ/_
ɕ/j/_[iɛa]
ɕ/s/_
ʑ/j/_[iɛa]
ʑ/z/_
ə/ɛ/_
[ɛɔ]/ə/_h
h//_#
d/ɾ/V_V
t/ⁿt/#_/_̪
t̪/t/_
d̪/d/_
K/Q/_a
ɢ/ʀ/_
β//K_a
β/w/_
[tk]/ʔ/_#
p/w/_#
D/T/_#
ɔ/ɔa̯/_Cɔ
ⁿt/ʔn/_
d/j/_i
d/w/_u
d/l/_
b/m/_
ɡ/ʟ/_
ɔ̃/o/_
Ṽ/V/_
e/i/_
ɛ̃/e/_
ɛi̯/e/_
o/u/_
ɔa̯/a/_
Spoiler:
V=aeiouɔɛə
L=āēīōū
C=ptkqbdgmnlrhsfβʂʔ
F=ie
B=ou
T=ptk
D=bdg
K=kgx
Q=qɢχ
Spoiler:
lə lɔ jɛ χa ka ʔɔ mwɛʔ ʔɛ taʂɔ
ka ʀa ʔɛʔ ʔɛzɔ nɔ jɛ mɛ jɛ lɔ lə ʔna
ʔe ʔe ʔe ʔe ʔe ʔe ʔe
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Wonderful work as usual, opipik.

Image

Top row: ưgǵam 'brave', rơs 'bring', mafca 'sled, sledge', ur 'rye', nar 'oat plant'
Second row: ticar 'food', mor 'just (now)', tưr 'sieve (verb)', tunoc 'society', tih 'gradual'
Third row: tuhuc 'insolent, irreverent', tuon 'crawl', cafcar 'shoulder blade, scapula', čona 'shallow', miǧ 'deep'
Fourth row: ưgǵar 'famine (verb)', fiǧ 'dribble (of saliva)', dunur 'thatch (verb)', ad 'pinecone', duhac 'whetstone'
Bottom row: tưf 'plantains', dưm 'plate (metal)', śưm 'digging stick', tưar 'kidneys', 'scar'

The verb ưgǵar 'famine' is often used with a word such as ćam 'ground', baćam 'world', 'field', or bore 'diseased field, contaminated field' as a subject:

Ba ćam ưgǵarče.
ba ćam ưgǵarče
DEF ground famine-PST
'there was a famine' (lit. 'the ground famined')
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Image

Top row: čas 'decide', tơǧ 'own, possess', gisưc 'wise, smart, intelligent', čơr 'foreign, alien', ưtus 'soap'
Second row: bơnas 'trumpet, war-horn', čośtam 'lunch', 'bleed', čưda 'ready', ǧando 'boil, heat'
Third row: tưdor 'cart', ưstin 'tin', ćar 'iron', ưdơr 'rust', tač 'gold'
Fourth row: ưdo 'silver', ơsta 'whittle, carve', ưfi 'swallow', o 'pipe, tube', fơs 'brick, ingot'
Bottom row: gor 'toad', zif 'type of pack animal', on 'fat, adipose tissue', ǧưtar 'mess, disorder', utaf 'trap, trick, hazard'
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Image

Top row: śos 'have a headache', tiga 'crumble, fall apart', gơt 'callus', ćuc 'rig, jury-rig, set up, kludge', ưsći 'climb, ascend'
Second row: giǵo 'cooking pot', da 'type of bird', ruc 'type of fish', tuśa 'gamble, wager, bet', gir 'lick'
Third row: rưci 'crossroads, junction', taga 'scratch, itch', taǵa 'drag', zag 'game', śưs 'play, horse around'
Fourth row: daz 'mane; fog', cơśi 'slick, slippery', dưś 'lard, fat product', gariz 'pour', ưć 'cream, ointment'
Fifth row: dawơs 'starve', dawơz 'slaughter', giz 'trim, cut (down)', ǵơb 'evaporate, disappear', ćưscư 'clot, thicken'
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
shimobaatar
korean
korean
Posts: 10373
Joined: 12 Jul 2013 23:09
Location: UTC-04:00

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by shimobaatar »

Linguifex wrote: The verb ưgǵar 'famine' is often used with a word such as ćam 'ground', baćam 'world', 'field', or bore 'diseased field, contaminated field' as a subject:

Ba ćam ưgǵarče.
ba ćam ưgǵarče
DEF ground famine-PST
'there was a famine' (lit. 'the ground famined')
I think this is brilliant! [:D]

Sorry I don't have anything more specific to say about the new logograms themselves; they look wonderful, as usual.
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Thank you, shimobaatar!

Image

Top row: daǵưr 'fight, argue', borưs 'bend in the wind', he 'matter, be important', gaǵ 'catch', hơp 'pump', aǧač 'repeat', čư 'peat', cưǧ 'face (verb)', naśa 'cross, go across or over', gưhưt 'arrest'
Second row: 'pain', čưcoa 'infection, sore, abscess', śưm 'hut, yurt', acoơ 'monkey', śaơ 'spider', ćorưs 'centipede, millipede', dauč 'beam, support', saưś 'fry, toast', aha 'laugh', ưnćir 'staff'
Third row: gơać 'type of bird', 'clay', ǵadaǧ 'refuse', soưś 'cave', soưs 'look up to, have as a role model', čodưć 'funnel', narha 'island', nara 'tell a secret', garhi 'trust', sore 'be worth'
Fourth row: cadan 'balance (verb)', ưgǵi 'climb, scale', tas 'summit, peak', cafar 'turn, change direction', 'win, defeat', 'lose, be defeated, be conquered', ǧiro 'lips', sacam 'touch', ag REFLEXIVE, čaǵon 'prize'
Fifth row: ro 'create', taran 'glue (verb)', suir 'shine, polish (verb)', iscơr 'fear, be terrified (of), be afraid (of)', wigam 'doubt (verb)', padơ 'hole through a rock formation, natural arch', bưćam 'type of mushroom', sưćin 'decide, make up one's mind', ǧưm 'take action, act', zơg 'cover, envelop'
Sixth row: wab 'pus', aśa 'brush up against', arơm 'sod', adih 'slope, grade', ơt 'open wound', ơśưm 'spot, location', ǧor 'compose, write, come up with', ǧimni 'gold dust', paơs 'shatter, disintegrate', barơr 'floor'
Seventh row: dơrưs 'random', giǵam 'bagh naka', ǧom 'poison (noun)', śơd 'type of aquatic animal with a shell', hica 'unique', aeh 'type of fabric', roś 'medicinal herb', rugwas 'secure, make safe', sesư 'feature, landmark', gauat 'dialogue, conversation, discussion'
Eighth row: hepse 'surround', ro 'topic, issue, matter of discussion, talking point', noti 'intend', peos 'help', ima 'dart', us 'copy, mimic', socur 'nut, tree nut', bangangơ 'choose, select', pite 'look after, care for', amiri 'village'
Ninth row: cen 'tongue', haśo 'ambitious', tahci 'spur', foś 'lava', forưs 'heel of the hand, part of the palm close to where the wrist meets the hand', tahći 'rice', ưdi 'lye solution', ersơś 'type of fermented drink', ơsum 'type of fruit juice'
Bottom row: ragam 'for a long time', fado 'crease, fold', fơzin 'tire, exhaust', dưǵon 'year', wandin 'parade around, walk around exaggeratedly', pim 'chimes', śuh 'slip of paper', ahton 'porch, veranda', ohen 'come from a people group, come from a certain place, come from, hail from'
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
clawgrip
MVP
MVP
Posts: 2257
Joined: 24 Jun 2012 07:33
Location: Tokyo

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by clawgrip »

I have to ask, how many characters are there in this script now?

EDIT: Actually, I did a quick count and it looks to be 802, including the second image of your derivational morphemes up there.
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Image

Top row: tag 'pain, injury', rưf 'gain', sac 'lose', u 'lean on', pabaz 'compose'
Second row: 'grind (using a millstone)', maz 'drag', ǧe 'dark (hue or tint)', maơǧ 'light (hue or tint)', wair 'barb, thorn, spike'
Third row: deơc 'hurt, cause pain', cưǧ 'measure, weigh', bi 'young, new', zagaw 'type of animal', nou 'cheap shot'
Fourth row: maǵdin 'type of bird', bam 'outrigger (boat)', izoc 'join two people in marriage', caz 'old', wơb 'perform (action or art)'
Fifth row: bitưr 'forget', du 'remember', ǧu 'corner', agư 'turn (verb)', gơmơm 'mimic, imitate; rhyme'
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
clawgrip
MVP
MVP
Posts: 2257
Joined: 24 Jun 2012 07:33
Location: Tokyo

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by clawgrip »

Neat. Good work!
User avatar
alynnidalar
greek
greek
Posts: 700
Joined: 17 Aug 2014 03:22
Location: Michigan, USA

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by alynnidalar »

Very cool! It's a nice overview.
User avatar
Man in Space
roman
roman
Posts: 1304
Joined: 03 Aug 2012 08:07
Location: Ohio

Re: Caber Logograms

Post by Man in Space »

Thank you!

ImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImageImage

I've had a Wacom tablet for around a year and a half and have done nothing with it until yesterday. I drew these just now. Maybe now I can be cool and work on scripts like clawgrip does (and if I ever participate in the Conlang Conversation Thread, maybe I can write the messages in logograms as well). The one problem with this is going to be handling prepositions. The images above are all separate. I'm going to have to copy and paste these images individually into a larger file and then draw in the preposition, then save that as a new image and upload it.

My system is basically this. Aside from a few one-off things, I have two categories: Filenames that are prefixed with "g" (for "grammar" or "grammatical"), such as the pronouns, and have some sort of descriptive name (e.g., "g1" for the first-person pronoun, or "g5num" for the number five); and filenames that are just numbers ("0001", "0002", and so on). Files that are 20px have either "20" or "-20" appended to the filename. I have a key with which numbers go with which word/glyph; I'm thinking I will copy that into my Google Sheets dictionary, along with a link to the glyph on imgur.
Twin Aster megathread

AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

CC = Common Caber
CK = Classical Khaya
CT = Classical Ĝare n Tim Ar
Kg = Kgáweq'
PB = Proto-Beheic
PO = Proto-O
PTa = Proto-Taltic
STK = Sisỏk Tlar Kyanà
Tm = Təmattwəspwaypksma
Post Reply